Waste Heat Recovery

REDUCTION OF GREEN HOUSE GAS EMISSIONS FROM SHIPS

Why waste heat recovery?

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About 50% of the fuel input energy is not being put to productive use. Recovering part of the wasted energy provides the vessel with: lower fuel consumption lower emissions

Why waste heat recovery?

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The application of a waste heat recovery system is threefold:

The operator profits from a lower annual fuel bill The operator contributes to lower emissions, such as CO2, NOX and SOX The operator benefits from being more competitive in the freight market

How is wasted energy recovered?

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Using exhaust gas energy to generate steam to operate a steam turbine.

Steam turbine drives a generator. Generator feeds into the main switchboard.

Exhaust gas boiler

Virtual Installation

Virtual Installation

Waste heat boiler:

A heat-retrieval unit using heat produced from gas or oil by thermal processes; used to produce steam in a boiler-type system is known as waste heat boiler. It is also known as gas-tube boiler.

How does an economizer reduce emissions?

When fuel is burned, it creates some undesired emissions, such as NOx and SOx. With an economizer, less fuel must be burned for a given steam output. If less fuel is burned, emissions are also lowered. Additionally, Because heat is removed from the stack gas, thermal pollution is also reduced.

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Basic Economizer Designs

Rectangular

Cylindrical

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Rectangular Economizer

Vertical or horizontal gas flow Size ranges to 1,000,000+ pph Operating pressures from 50 psig to supercritical Horizontal or vertical tube designs Can support large loads

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Rectangular Economizer

Finned tube bank Inlet header

Return bends 13

Outlet header

Typical Installation

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(Cp):

KJ/kg K

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Heat Recovery Systems

Flue Gas Inlet Temp (Tin): 510K Flue Gas Outlet Temp (Tout): 422K Feedwater Inlet Temp. (Win): 366K Feedwater Outlet Temp. (Wout): ? K Feedwater Flow Rate (FW): 4672 kg/hr

422K

418 K 366 K 510K

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Heat Recovered By Economizer

Fuel Gas Mass Flow (m): 5586 kg/hr Exhaust gases Specific Heat (Cp): 1.063 KJ/kg K Water Specific Heat (Cp): 2.135 kJ / (kg K) Fuel Gas Inlet Temp (Tin): 510K Fuel Gas Outlet Temp (Tout): 422K Q = (5586 kg/hr) x (1.063) x (510K - 422K) Q = 145 kw Feedwater Inlet Temp. (Win): Feedwater Flow Rate (FW): (145 x 3600 KJ/hr) + 366K = 418K (4672 kg/hr)X 2.135 Feedwater Outlet Temperature (Wout) = 418F
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366K 4672 kg/hr

Fuel Savings

Fuel: SFC : Fuel Price Economizer Heat Recovery: Operation Hours per Year: Boiler Efficiency: Cost of Economizer: Cost of Installation: Fuel Savings: ($1300) x (15 kw) x (7,000 hrs) x (170 t/kw hr) (0.8) x (1,000,000) Payback: ($5,910) + ($6,000) ($ 29,006.25)

Diesel Oil 170g/kw hr 1300 $ / tone 145 kw 7,000 (20 hrs/day, 6 days/wk, 50 wks) 80% $5,910.00 $6,000.00

$ 29,006.25 per year

0.41 Year

4.9 Months
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