Different schools of art compared Table 1 Origin Mughal Earlier Persian blend !

ecame "ndian under Akbar Pahari Originated in the sub# $imala%an kingdoms of 1&th centur% Rajasthani/Rajput Earl% 1'th centur% (arious sub#schools e)isted Madhubani/Mithila Done traditionall% b% the women in the *illages near the to+n of Madhubani "t originated as floor and +all paintings Essentiall% a folk tradition T%pe Themes Mostl% in miniature form Document of life at the Mughal court. battles. hunt. arri*al of embassies. festi*ities Portrait paintings de*eloped under /ahangir E)ceptional Point Mostl% done in miniature form 0o*e of man for +oman 1%mbolised b% 2rishna and Radha 1trongl% influenced b% the contemporar% literar% and musical forms. and dra+ upon their motifs 3details belo+4 7as originall% practiced b% !rahmins and 2a%asthas 0ater 18 +omen also adopted it !ut the themes of the t+o are different 7hile higher castes depicted m%thological themes. 18s e)perimented +ith da%#to#da% scenes T+o dimensional imager% 8olors deri*ed from plants 5o space is left empt% <aps are filled b% painting flo+ers. plants animals and e*en geometric shapes Traditionall% done as murals on mud +alls 5o+ is also done one cloth. paper and can*as 5ature and $indu religious motifs 6suall% portra%ed deities (ishnu.1hi*a and 2rishna Manjusha/Angika Tanjore 1,th centur% under the patronage of Tanjore-s Maratha rulers

8haracteristics

Realism is the ke%note of this st%le Artists had made contacts +ith 7estern art "nfluence can be seen

!old and intense 9 !asohli Delicate and l%rical: Tones subdued and lines e);uisitel% fine # 2angra

Decorate in their composition and colour scheme 0andscape lacks the naturalism of the Mughal school 6sed +ider can*as

1nakes are a prominent feature

Artists adhered strictl% to iconograph% as these paintings +ere made for ritual and +orship and not for displa% as is mostl% the case toda% Made on jack+ood pasted +ith unbleached cloth to +hich a mi)ture of limestone. chalk po+der. gum and hone% are applied in la%ers on a sketch of the icon E)tra coats gi*en to raise some parts of the painting /e+eller% etc are put

Techni;ue

Major Artists Major 7orks

!asa+an. Das+anth. 2esudasa. Mansur Akbarnama illustrations: rare birds and animals 9 =alcon >81 Museum. !omba%?. Red !lossoms 9 floral painting

/agdamba De*i. Mahasundari De*i /odhpur and 5agaur paintings

Major schools

!asohli. <uler. 2angra

Mal+a. Me+ar >Ragamala paintings?. Mar+ar. 2ishangarh. /aipur. !undi. 2otah

!harni st%le. 2achni st%le

Patrons

Akbar. /ahangir

Raja 2ripal 1ingh >!ahsoli?

1arabhiji @. 1hi*aji @. Mummadi 2rishnaraja 7ode%ar

Rajasthani Art 1chools Me+ar >Ragamala? themes from the life of 2rishna and his frolic +ith the gopis: heroes and heroines of $indi poetr% 1cenes from !hag*ata and Rama%ana 0andscape lacks the naturalism of the Mughal school

Mar+ar /aipur Raslila +as painted "t became Aan earthl% erotic amusement<enuine Rajput st%le e*ol*ed under this school E;uestrian portraits of the ro%al house and the nobilit% 1ho+ bold t%pes of e)pression +ith broad. fish e%es in human faces This school is essentiall% $indu

Manjusha Art Manjushas are temple shaped bo)es containing eight pillars The bo)es often contain the paintings of gods. goddesses and other characters The bo)es are used in !ishahari Puja This is practiced in the !hagalpur region of !ihar

$andicrafts 8hannapatna to%s o 7ooden to%s from 2arnataka

5irmal To%s o 7ooden to%s made in the to+n of 5irmal in Adilabad district

Tanjore doll o !obblehead made of terracotta

1andpainting 2olam Dra+n using rice po+der b% female members in front of their home Mainl% in 1outh "ndia

Rangoli 5orth "ndia 6sing sand colors. flour or flo+ers

Other fine arts Mehandi Pichh+ai o o "ntricate paintings that portra% 0ord 2rishna E)ist in the to+n of nathd+ara in Rajasthan

Tarakashi o A t%pe of metal+ork from 8uttack

"ndian Art A+ards 2alaimamani o !% Tamil 5adu "%al "sai 5ataka Manram

2alidas 1amman o Presented b% the MP go*t

1angeet 5atak Akademi A+ard 1angeet 5atak Akademi =ello+ship 1hilp <uru o !% <O" to a master craftsperson 1tarted in @BB@

Tulsi 1amman o !% MP go*t "n fields of art. theatre. dance and music

(arnashilpi (enkatappa A+ard o !% 2arnataka go*t for e)cellence in painting