Makadisi- Seed Method

The simplified procedure developed by Makadisi and Seed (1978) follows the premise that
permanent displacements take place whenever the rigid body acceleration Kmax of a potential
sliding mass exceeds the yield acceleration Ky for that mass. The yield acceleration is
determined by performing a series of pseudo- static analysis. Makadisi and seed have related
rigid body acceleration for various sliding masses to the peak acceleration to the depth of the
sliding mass. Once the yield acceleration has been determined, the permanent displacement U,
for a given ratio of Ky/Kmax can be obtained, since it is only function of the magnitude of the
earthquake, the fundamental and rigid body acceleration.
Makidisi method is well explained in ICOLD bulletin 141 Chapter 2.
Steps needed to solve the problem are summarised as below.
Step 1: For a given embankment geometry and shear strength parameter, find Ky using
conventional slope stability analysis.
Step 2: For a given case, establish the PGA of ground motion.
Step 3: Using Jansens un published plot, determine the amplification ratio of crest acceleration
to base acceleration. The Fig 7 given in ICOLD bulletin 141 is reproduced as below:

Step 4: Calculate crest acceleration (u.. max) by multiplying base acceleration with amplification
ratio.
Step 5: Work out sliding mass depth ratio (y/h)

Step 6: From Makidisi graphs, for a given value of y/h and for a given Magnitude of earthquake M, determine Kmax/u..max. The graph from Fig 8, ICOLD bulletin 141 is reproduced below.

Step 7: calculate Kmax

Step 8: Calculate Ky/Kmax
Step 9: For calculated value of Ky/Kmax and for a given earthquake magnitude, calculate
normalised displacement (u /(Kmax *g* To)).

Step 10: Determine the time period of Dam (To) using following relation.
T = 2.9 Ht/Vs where Ht is the height of dam and Vs is the shear wave velocity of rock fill
material as placed and compacted.
Step 11:
For given value of To and Kmax, determine the crest displacement u(m) from
normalised displacement above.
The results of Teesta 3 are presented below:

TEESTA III - CFRD DYNAMIC ANALYSIS

(10/08/13)

Ht is the height of the Dam in Meters

To is time period in seconds.
To =
Ht =
Vs =
To =

2.9*Ht/Vs
55.00
300.00
0.53

and Vs is the shear wave velocity of Rock fill material

m
m/s
sec

MAKADISI SEED METHOD:

From the
graph fig:8
pg:65
icold141

From the
Graph (pg:63
icold 141)

CASE
Case - 1: when
critical slip surface
starts from the
upstream face of the
dam and ends at
max one third of dam
height from the top
Case - 2: when
critical slip surface
starts from the crest
of the dam and ends
at max one third of
dam height from the
top

Case -3: when

critical slip surface
starts from the u/s
face of the dam and
ends at toe of dam

Case - 4: when
critical slip surface
starts from the crest
of the dam and ends
at toe of dam

From the
graph fig:8
pg:63 icold
141

PGA
0.18
0.36
0.31

Magnitude
of
Earthquake,
M
6.50
8.00
7.50

Amplification
Factor (AF)
2.80
1.65
1.80

Umax
= AF *
PGA
0.50
0.59
0.56

y/H
0.30
0.30
0.30

Kmax/Umax
0.90
0.68
0.80

Kmax
0.45
0.40
0.45

Ky/Kmax
0.64
0.72
0.65

U/(Kmax*g*To)
0.00800
0.02000
0.01500

To
(sec)
0.53
0.53
0.53

g
(m/sec2)
9.81
9.81
9.81

U (m)
0.01893
0.04213
0.03492

phi
(degree)
40.00
40.00
40.00

FoS
(Static)
1.92
1.92
1.92

yield
accelaration
Ky
0.29
0.29
0.29

45.00
45.00
45.00
40.00
40.00
40.00

2.29
2.29
2.29
1.72
1.72
1.72

0.39
0.39
0.39
0.25
0.25
0.25

0.18
0.36
0.31
0.18
0.36
0.31

6.50
8.00
7.50
6.50
8.00
7.50

2.80
1.65
1.80
2.80
1.65
1.80

0.50
0.59
0.56
0.50
0.59
0.56

0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30

0.90
0.68
0.80
0.90
0.68
0.80

0.45
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.40
0.45

0.86
0.97
0.87
0.55
0.62
0.56

0.00090
0.00150
0.00100
0.01800
0.03000
0.02500

0.53
0.53
0.53
0.53
0.53
0.53

9.81
9.81
9.81
9.81
9.81
9.81

0.00213
0.00316
0.00233
0.04258
0.06320
0.05821

45.00
45.00
45.00
40.00
40.00
40.00

2.05
2.05
2.05
1.75
1.75
1.75

0.34
0.34
0.34
0.25
0.25
0.25

0.18
0.36
0.31
0.18
0.36
0.31

6.50
8.00
7.50
6.50
8.00
7.50

2.80
1.65
1.80
2.80
1.65
1.80

0.50
0.59
0.56
0.50
0.59
0.56

0.30
0.30
0.30
1.00
1.00
1.00

0.90
0.68
0.80
0.47
0.20
0.34

0.45
0.40
0.45
0.24
0.12
0.19

0.75
0.84
0.76
1.06
2.10
1.32

0.00250
0.00400
0.00300
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000

0.53
0.53
0.53
0.53
0.53
0.53

9.81
9.81
9.81
9.81
9.81
9.81

0.00591
0.00843
0.00698
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000

45.00
45.00
45.00
40.00
40.00
40.00

2.09
2.09
2.09
1.72
1.72
1.72

0.34
0.34
0.34
0.23
0.23
0.23

0.18
0.36
0.31
0.18
0.36
0.31

6.50
8.00
7.50
6.50
8.00
7.50

2.80
1.65
1.80
2.80
1.65
1.80

0.50
0.59
0.56
0.50
0.59
0.56

1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00

0.47
0.20
0.34
0.47
0.20
0.34

0.24
0.12
0.19
0.24
0.12
0.19

1.44
2.86
1.79
0.97
1.94
1.21

0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000

0.53
0.53
0.53
0.53
0.53
0.53

9.81
9.81
9.81
9.81
9.81
9.81

0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000

45.00
45.00
45.00

2.05
2.05
2.05

0.33
0.33
0.33

0.18
0.36
0.31

6.50
8.00
7.50

2.80
1.65
1.80

0.50
0.59
0.56

1.00
1.00
1.00

0.47
0.20
0.34

0.24
0.12
0.19

1.39
2.78
1.74

0.00000
0.00000
0.00000

0.53
0.53
0.53

9.81
9.81
9.81

0.00000
0.00000
0.00000