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Kari Eloranta 2014 (Jyvskyln Lyseon lukio 5.1 Electric International Potential Baccalaureate) Dierence
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Electric Current Electric potential dierence is the electric potential energy dierence per unit charge between two points in an electric eld. By denition, the direction of electric current is from the higher potential to the lower (the direction of movement of a positive charge in an electric eld).
Kari Eloranta 2014 (Jyvskyln Lyseon lukio 5.1 Electric International Potential Baccalaureate) Dierence
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Figure : Two equivalent circuit diagrams for the study of (I , V ) properties of a lamp.
Kari Eloranta 2014 (Jyvskyln Lyseon lukio 5.1 Electric International Potential Baccalaureate) Dierence January 16, 2014 5 / 16
R R int
I
Figure : The diagram represents the emf and internal resistance Rint of a battery.
Kari Eloranta 2014 (Jyvskyln Lyseon lukio 5.1 Electric International Potential Baccalaureate) Dierence January 16, 2014 6 / 16
Since in reality emf it is not a force, but energy per unit charge, we call it by its abbreviation emf. All real batteries have some internal resistance which we denote by R int .
Kari Eloranta 2014 (Jyvskyln Lyseon lukio 5.1 Electric International Potential Baccalaureate) Dierence
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(2)
Kari Eloranta 2014 (Jyvskyln Lyseon lukio 5.1 Electric International Potential Baccalaureate) Dierence
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A static electric charge creates an electric eld around it. Point charge is a small electrically charged object such as a proton or electron, or any charged object for which the size of the object is small compared to its distance to other objects. The electric eld is illustrated by electric eld lines. The density ,of electric eld lines illustrate the strength of the eld. By denition the direction of eld lines is away from positive charge and towards the negative.
Kari Eloranta 2014 (Jyvskyln Lyseon lukio 5.1 Electric International Potential Baccalaureate) Dierence
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(3)
where k = 8.99 109 N m2 C2 is the electric constant in vacuum. Electric potential energy is a property of the electric eld created by the interacting charges q and Q test .
Kari Eloranta 2014 (Jyvskyln Lyseon lukio 5.1 Electric International Potential Baccalaureate) Dierence
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(4)
where k = 8.99 109 N m2 C2 is the electric constant in vacuum. Electric potential is a property of the electric eld created by the point charge q .
Kari Eloranta 2014 (Jyvskyln Lyseon lukio 5.1 Electric International Potential Baccalaureate) Dierence January 16, 2014 14 / 16
(5)
where E pot is the change in electric potential energy, and q is the electric charge of the object placed in the electric eld. The electric potential dierence depends only on the properties of the electric eld.
Kari Eloranta 2014 (Jyvskyln Lyseon lukio 5.1 Electric International Potential Baccalaureate) Dierence January 16, 2014 15 / 16
(6)
where V is the change in electric potential, and x is the distance. If the electric potential does not change between the points in comparison, the electric eld is zero. The greater the density of equipotential lines in the distance x , the greater the electric eld strength.
Kari Eloranta 2014 (Jyvskyln Lyseon lukio 5.1 Electric International Potential Baccalaureate) Dierence
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