1.

0 Introduction
Classroom known as a complex place where it demands many claims. Classroom management is defined as an organization where teachers control over the behavior, movement and the interaction between teacher and students to have an effective teaching and learning process. Classroom management is also meant as skills where teacher manages time, space, learning resources, roles, and students behavior in providing a conducive learning environment. In a conclusion, teachers play a major role in managing a classroom. To create an effective classroom management, teachers should aware of their students behavior, personality and characteristics in a classroom. A good relationship between teachers and students and supervision of classroom routine can make the teaching learning process happen smoothly. Apart from that, teachers also must know how to identify the major factors that cause discipline problems among school students in a classroom. To identify our students problems, as a teacher it is very important that we should know the knowledge of models of discipline and the mean of implementation. This knowledge may be used as a guide in classroom management.

2.0 Background of the case study

Grandma s Boy begins with a teacher whose name Miss. Helen who tells a story of a disciple of the new student, Justin who has moved to her school recently and put him in the second grade classroom. Before Justin enter the school, Miss. Helen used to practice behavior management techniques in her classroom to manage the class and named her class as Home of The Spartan. However, Justins presences in the classroom create many problems where he likes to seclude himself and he doesnt mingle around with his friends. Apart from that, he also used to be alone and pensive in the classroom. Justin also would pretend as if he is studying when his friends approach him and being passive-aggressive and ignores his teachers warning. His performances in both oral and written tests are also less satisfactory. To overcome these problems, Miss. Helen took a decision to meet Justins previous school teacher to gather his personal information. By gathering those details, she got to know that Justines parents were divorced and currently he is staying with his father, Mr. Richardson and his grandmother Ann Richardson. Justine showed the same kind of attitude in his previous school as how he is doing in his new school. As a next step, Miss. Helen called up Justins father and let him know about his sons behavior in her class. She also tried her best to persuade his father to let his son to take part in Home- School Behavior Management Programme. But his father refuses

to let his son to take part and didnt cooperate with Miss. Helen since he followed whatever Justins grandmother says.

3.0 Character Analysis

Miss. Helen, Justin, Mr. Richardson and Ann Richardson play an important role in Grandmas Boy story, while Mrs. Richardson and Miss. Judy play a minor role in this story. Miss. Helen is a class teacher of Home of The Spartan who is very concern about her students need and take care them very well. To overcome Justines problem, she called Justines previous school teacher Miss. Judy, to get Justines personal details. Miss. Helen also showed assertive teacher features like self confident, consistent, democracy, easy to get along and fair enough with her students. On the other hand, Justine, Miss. Helens student who facing some family problems which is his parents divorce case. This case gave a major impact to Justin where he began to look forward for mothers love. He also began to be quiet and also daydream in classroom thinking about his mother. When it comes to group work, Justine wont cooperate with his friends and being passive and also started to become an aggressive student in his classroom. He also began to ignore his teachers advice and instructions. The next character is Mr. Richardson, Justines father who doesnt care and understand about his sons feelings and needs. He always hurt Justine by talking badly about his mother whenever Justine asks him about his mother. He also a kind of person who doesnt like to cooperate. We can see this clearly when he ignores Miss. Helens idea of having programme in school to overcome his problems. Apart from that, he also doesnt care about upon his sons problems although informed by Justines teacher, Miss. Helen. Ann Richardson is Justines grandmother who is very nuisance. She likes to strike into matters related to the school and her grandson. Apart from that, she also likes to instigate her son not to cooperate with the school management and hurt his grandson by talking bad about his mother. One of the minor characters was played by Justins mother, Mrs. Richardson. Besides that, Miss. Judy as a previous school teacher and Cindy as friend who listen to Miss. Helens complaints.

4.0 Justification of Models

I could identify some models or theories which were used by Miss. Helen to address and overcome Justins problems. One of the models of discipline is model therapy of reality by William Glasser. In paragraph 3, Miss. Helen encourages her students to think and select a name for their class. This shows that Miss. Helen give the power to her students on selecting their classs name as they wish. This meets the basic requirements proposed by this model which has the power and control. In my opinion, I think this would be a good action which will increase students accountability upon their classroom. For further improvements, teachers may ask their students to draw warriors pictures based on their own imagination and post those drawings on their classroom walls. In paragraph 3, Miss. Helen pasted a picture of each member of the class and made a collage of pictures for the warriors background on a horse which represents her class. These pictures were pasted on the wall outside their classroom. This situation shows that Miss. Helen has met the requirement of love for her students. By having those pictures outside the classroom, students will have the feeling of belonging in the classroom and assume themselves as part of the class. This way can raise the feeling of belonging and part of the organization. For further improvements, teacher may ask the students to do these activities by themselves. This will not only raise the accountability upon the work but it also fosters the spirit of cooperation among students. The next model is modification model of behavior by B.F. Skinner. In paragraph 4, there is a situation where Miss. Helen prepares sticker for her students to redeem it with the gifts she prepared earlier. She also gives Spartion of The Week award to those who performed well in their studies to encourage them to perform well in their weak subjects. This model emphasizes more on reinforcement where she encourages and gave opportunity to students indirectly by asking them to collect as much stickers they can collect to redeem it with the gifts. Stickers will be given to students who behave as how Miss. Helen expected to be. This is known as one of the positive reinforcements where we give rewards to the students. She also gives the positive reinforcement by giving awards every week to increase students motivation to perform better in academic and behave well in class since students have their main goal to achieve which is how to redeem the gifts. These good behaviors will become familiar to them and they will start to practice it in their daily life without knowing. In my opinion, Miss. Helens way of implementing the good behavior is very effective where she achieved her main objectives in very short time. These types of reinforcement will encourage the students to show the good behaviors as how their teachers expect from them. For further improvements, Miss. Helen may vary her rewards to the students where it will never make students feel bored and they might get excited to get new rewards.

In paragraph 4, Miss. Helen felt satisfied when she found good behavior in her students and if there is still any behavior problem she uses basic behavioral control techniques to avoid her students to behave in such a way. She believes that this method is very effective and helpful in handling students behavioral problems. She also uses this model to form desired behavior by setting and providing regular reinforcement. Through the reinforcement given to the students, she could bring on the subsequent behaviors as how she wished. In my opinion, although this method effective for short term purposes but it wont be applicable for long term purposes. If there are no any rewards given, then deletion will take place and there will be no any behavior applied. This will also encourage the students to change their behavior for the sake of rewards and not for their own behavior change. This extrinsic motivation will never last long as intrinsic motivation. For further improvements, teachers may vary the techniques and models of class control so that students wont look for rewards. Besides that, Miss. Helen also used humanistic theory where it focus on the hierarchy needs of Abraham Maslow where it stress on the need of love. In paragraph 8, 11 and 13, we can see that Justins parents got divorced and he had to follow his father to his grandmothers house. Justins mother left the country and she left him under her husbands custody. She never come back to see Justin again and doesnt have any contacts with Justin and the school management. Meanwhile, Justin was thinking that his mother will come back to him and they can live happily as one family. Justins grandmother not only scolded him for his hope but also poisoned his mind by talking bad about his mother. From this situation, we can know that Justin lost his mothers love once is parents got divorced. The situation gets worst when she doesnt have any contact with Justin whereas he missing and love her so much. Apart from that, a conflict raised in Justin when his grandmother scolded him because he miss her mother and talk bad about his mother. This causes the need of love as described in the hierarchy of needs by Abraham Maslow not met. In my opinion, Justins grandmother shouldnt talk bad about Justins mother since it caused some conflicts in Justins emotion and soul. His grandmothers actions also confused his perception on his mother. Eventhough, he loves his mother a lot but his grandmothers bad words about his mother poisoned Justin. To solve this problem, Miss. Helen has to give extra attention and love to Justine so that he wont feel left out. By showing love to him, he will feel like he is needed for everyone and will behave as how Miss. Helen wanted him to be. This method also something which proposed in therapy model of reality by William Glasser, where when some meets this need of love in their life, automatically they will show their good behavior and its easier for us to shape and control their behavior. On the other hand, in terms of safety requirements in accordance with the hierarchy need of Abraham Maslow, it wasnt fulfilled. Situation shows that Justins grandmother punished him by beaten him up with a stick and confiscate his bicycle

because he always thinks about his mother and ask his father to find his mother. Justins grandmothers actions create a sense of insecurity. The need of safety is one of the very important basic needs in the hierarchy needs of Abraham Maslow. This cause the emotional unstable in Justin and made him to show the bad behavior in his class. In my opinion, Justins grandmother shouldnt react in such a way. She should understand Justins feelings where he really needs and miss his mothers love since he is very young. She must show him love and should help him in overcoming his homesickness and not to scold him. This will cause Justin to be stressed and confused and vent his frustration in his class. I came across the use of logical consequences of Dreikurs model in paragraph 8, in order to overcome Justins behavioral problem, Miss. Helen explained Justins problem to his father and grandmother so that they can help them. Miss. Helen said that Justin often daydream in class, never do his homework and rarely mingle with his friends although his friends wanted to be friend with him. According to logical consequences of Dreikurs model, we can see that Justin shows the lack of motive when he refused to hang out with his classmates. By doing so, he will be day dreaming and will be in his own world. This is because he is hoping that his mother would come back to him and they can have the happy life again. To overcome this problem, as Dreikurs suggested, Miss. Helen has to pull him out from his own world by having many interesting activities which will attract him. She also needs to investigate and question Justine about what he wanted to do with his classmates. The obstacles to classroom management are the obstacles from the parents. Paragraph 8, 9 and 12 shows Justins grandmothers attitude who is very nuisance and like to interrupt the conversation between Miss. Helen and Mr. Richardson. Not only that, she influenced Justins father in decision making and dominate every decision to be made by Justins father. She also reject Miss. Helens proposal to have Home -school Management Programme. Miss. Helen faced many problem by Justin father and grandmother who never let her to take any actions to overcome Justines problems. Both of them dont even give any commitment and cooperation and Justins grandmother likes to dominate his fathers decisions. One of the ways to overcome this problem is by involving them directly in these problems. For an example, Miss. Helen can ask both of them to come to school and let them to watch his sons behavior in class and the problems he facing is everyday when there is teaching learning going on.

5.0 Conclusion
Classroom management and a students behavior are equally important as teaching learning. It plays an important role on the effectiveness of the teaching learning

process. So, as a teacher, we should be wise in evaluating and making fair judgments in handling conflicts in classroom. Extensive knowledge of management theories existing disciplinary problems will help teachers to overcome the existing problems faced by their students.