WHITE WHITE PAPER PAPER

Migration of GSM Networks to GPRS

Table of Content
2. Introdu"tion to GPRS....................................................................................32 4. Ar"hite"ture of GPRS....................................................................................32 5. Migration fro GSM to GPRS........................................................................35

Migration of GSM Networks to GPRS

6. 7e)eraging the GSM infrastru"ture for GPRS..................................................36 8. +a"tors to (e "onsidered during the Migration.................................................36 9. :!grading the e%isting Mediation set u! in WIPR; to suit the fra ework of GPRS.................................................................................................................39 <. /on"#usion...................................................................................................3<

=. 7ist of A"ron$ s...........................................................................................3< WHITE PAPER >. Referen"es...................................................................................................3= A(out Wi!ro.....................................................................................................3> Author: V.Nandhini Wi!ro in GPRS.................................................................................................3>

The ai

of this !a!er is to understand the ar"hite"ture of GPRS and fo"us !ri ari#$ on the igrating fro the e%isting GSM network to that of the GPRS.

issues that "o e u! whi#e

The igration !ath fro GSM to GPRS re&uires additiona# !a"ket swit"hing nodes' software u!grades in the (ase station su(s$ste ' the e%isting GSM nodes to (e u!graded with GPRS fun"tiona#it$' "o er"ia# data ser)i"es to !ro)ided * for this a GPRS o!erator needs to de!#o$ other e#e ents #ike A""ess ser)ers and +irewa##s. The Genera# Pa"ket Radio Ser)i"e ,GPRS- is a new non*)oi"e )a#ue added ser)i"e that a##ows infor ation to (e sent and re"ei)ed a"ross a o(i#e te#e!hone network. It su!!#e* ents toda$.s /ir"uit Swit"hed 0ata and Short Message Ser)i"e. With the growing data traffi" in the Internet wor#d toda$' the need to #ook for (etter ethodo#ogies to eet the u!"o ing de and of the Internet users has (e"o e ine)ita(#e. GPRS has e)o#)ed to "ater to the o(i#e users ($ ena(#ing the to a""ess the Internet wor#d in"essant#$. It wou#d a#so !ro)ide a assi)e (oost to o(i#e data "o uni"ation.

1 Wi!ro Te"hno#ogies

Page: Ta(#e Pageof : /ontent

WHITE PAPER

Migration of GSM Networks to GPRS

The General Packet Radio Service (GPRS)

is a new non-voice

)a#ue added ser)i"e that

a##ows infor ation to (e sent and re"ei)ed a"ross a o(i#e te#e!hone network. It su!!#e ents toda$.s /ir"uit Swit"hed 0ata and Short Message Ser)i"e. With the growing data traffi" in the Internet wor#d toda$' the need to #ook for (etter o#ogies to eet the u!"o ing de and of the Internet users has (e"o e ine)ita(#e. ethod*

GPRS has e)o#)ed to "ater to the o(i#e users ($ ena(#ing the to a""ess the Internet wor#d in"essant#$. It wou#d a#so !ro)ide a assi)e (oost to o(i#e data "o uni"ation. The ai GPRS. As a !oint of "aution' there are )arious issues that need to (e addressed' #ike the (i##ing ethods' ediating the network e#e ents' !ro)isioning of ser)i"es that are &uite "o !#e% and need attention. This !a!er ai s at de)ising an a!!roa"h and a fra ework to reso#)e the issues in)o#)ed in the igration fro GSM to GPRS. of this !a!er is to understand the ar"hite"ture of GPRS and fo"us !ri ari#$ on igrating fro the e%isting GSM network to that of the

the issues that "o e u! whi#e

This is an ana#$sis on how one "an enhan"e the e%isting IP ediation' !ro)isioning s$ste s to su!!ort non*)oi"e data trans issions and e)entua##$ igrate to 5G Te"hno#ogies.

1. Introduction to GPRS
Genera# Pa"ket Radio Ser)i"es ,GPRS- is a standardi?ed !a"ket swit"hed data ser)i"e for GSM a##owing data rates u! to 2<3 k(its@se". It !resents new o!!ortunities for GSM o!erators to grow and in"re ase re)enues and !rofits ($ o!ening u! new !a"ket data ser)i"es. The GPRS !ro)ides us with:
n

New (usiness o!!ortunities in wire#ess data "o An e)o#ution !ath to 3 rd generation

uni"ations

ser)i"es

+ast "o)erage ro##out' adding !a"ket swit"hing nodes to an e%isting GSM network Effi"ient use of s"ar"e radio resour"es Si u#taneous GSM and GPRS without distur(an"e of e%isting ser)i"esA

2. rc!itecture of GPRS
The GPRS Ar"hite"ture is an e%tension of the GSM ar"hite"tures. ;ne of the ain goa#s in the GPRS design is to su!!ort (urst$ data transfer. A#though GPRS is "onsidered to (e !art of the GSM ser)i"e' it has its own "ore network and radio network' whi"h is shared (etween the GPRS and GSM "ores. Two new e#e ents are added to the e%isting infrastru"ture to kee! !a"ket data traffi" se!arated fro traditiona# GSM )oi"e and data

1 Wi!ro Te"hno#ogies

Page : 32 of 3>

WHITE PAPER

Migration of GSM Networks to GPRS

The Ser)ing GPRS Su!!ort Node ,SGSN- for hand#ing !a"ket data traffi" of users in a geogra!hi"a# area.

The Gatewa$ GPRS Su!!ort Node ,GGSN- node that wou#d "onne"t to outside data networks and to other GPRS networks.

SGSN and GGSN are o(i#e aware routers. The nodes are inter "onne"ted )ia an IP (a"k(one network as shown in the fig (e#ow.

a. SGS" - S#R$I"G GPRS S%PP&RT

The SGSN !ro)ides !a"ket routing to and fro the SGSN ser)i"e area. It wou#d (e

ser)ing a## GPRS su(s"ri(ers that are !h$si"a##$ #o"ated within the SGSN ser)i"e area. A GPRS su(s"ri(er a$ (e ser)ed ($ an$ SGSN in the network de!ending on #o"ation. The traffi" is routed fro station. The SGSN !ro)ides:
n

the SGSN to the BS/ )ia the BTS to the

o(i#e

Authenti"ation' "i!hering and IMEI "he"k. Mo(i#it$ anage ent 7ogi"a# #ink anage ent towards the Mo(i#e Station

Pa"ket routing and transfer /harging data /onne"tion to the H7R' MS/' and BS/

1 Wi!ro Te"hno#ogies

Page : 34 of 3>

WHITE PAPER

Migration of GSM Networks to GPRS

b. GGS" - G T#' ( GPRS S%PP&RT "&)#

The GGSN !ro)ides the interfa"e with other GPRS networks as we## as the e%ter na# IP networksandC. 48 networks. The GGSN has o(i#it$ anage ent and a""ess ser)er fun"tiona#it$. The o(i#it$ anage ent fun"tion is standardi?ed ($ ETSI. These GPRS !roto"o#s are #i ited to setting u! an IP (earer (etween the MS and the A""ess Ser)er: a #ogi"a# #ink. It trans#ates data for ats' signa#ing !roto"o#s and address infor ation in order to !er it "o uni"ation (etween the different networks. +ro the e%terna# IP network.s !oint of )iew' the GGSN is a host owning a## IP addresses of a## su(s"ri(ers ser)ed ($ the GPRS network. +un"tiona# it$ for routing to the right SGSN and !roto"o# "on)ersion is a#so !ro)ided ($ the GGSN.

3. *igration fro+ GS* to GPRS

The igration !ath fro
n

GSM to GPRS re&uires:

Additiona# !a"ket swit"hing nodes ,routers (etween the (ase stations and the o(i#e swit"h "enter-' Software u!grades in the (ase station su(s$ste station "ontro##er-. ,the (ase station and (ase

The e%isting GSM nodes to (e u!graded with GPRS fun"tiona#it$. +urther sa e

ore' the

trans ission #inks "an (e reused' for e%a !#e' (etween Base Trans"ei)er Stations ,BTSs- and Base

Station /ontro##ers ,BS/s- for (oth GSM and GPRS. /o er"ia# data ser)i"es to !ro)ided' for this a GPRS o!erator needs to de!#o$

other e#e ents #ike A""ess ser)ers and +irewa##s. Sin"e the igration !ath fro GSM to GPRS is not too onerous' te#e"o uni"ations

!ro)iders "an &ui"k#$ and easi#$ !ro)ide GPRS ser)i"es to e%isting GSM "o)erage areas. Thus' there shou#d (e ini a# "hanges to the "ir"uit swit"hed GSM network' e%"e!t where this "onfers a (enefit to the GSM network. The GPRS ar"hite"ture wi## de onstrate to the arket!#a"e that !a"ket swit"hed te"hno#og$ and ser)i"es for the wire#ess en)iron ent is )ia(#e' and wi## a#so sti u#ate arket!#a"e de and for wire#ess data ser)i"es.

1 Wi!ro Te"hno#ogies

Page :

35 of 3>

WHITE PAPER

Migration of GSM Networks to GPRS

,. -everaging t!e GS* infra.tructure for GPRS

The GPRS "ost ode# !ro)ides in"re enta# "ost resu#ts' whi"h does de onstrate that

it.s re#ati)e#$ "hea! for GSM ser)i"es !ro)iders to !ro)ide GPRS ser)i"es in addition to their GSM ser)i"e offerings for their e%isting su(s"ri(ers. The GSM !ro)iders in"ur a re#ati)e#$ #ow in"re enta# "ost in !ro)iding GPRS ser)i"es (e"ause the resour"es a##o"ated to de)e#o!ing the GSM infrastru"ture su(sidi?es the de)e#o! ent of the GPRS network. Thus the GSM !ro)iders "an afford to #e)erage their e%isting infrastru"tures to !ro)ide wire#ess data.

/. 0actor. to be con.idered during t!e *igration

/.1 T& *##T GPRS R#1%IR#*#"TS
/.1.1 2 0a.t Setu34 cce.. Ti+e /.1.2 2 #fficient u.e of .carce radio re.ource. /.1.3 2 Connectivit5 to ot!er data net6ork. /.1., 2 0le7ible .ervice /.1./ 2 #fficient tran.3ort of 3acket. /.1.8 2 Reu.e of GS* function.4"et6ork /.1.9 2 Co-e7i.tence of bot! GS* and GPRS 6it!out di.turbance

/.2 *#)I TI&"

/.2.1 C: RGI"G G T#' ( 0%"CTI&" -IT( ; Transa"tions o)er a GPRS network generate /0Rs fro (oth the Ser)ing GPRS Su!!ort Node ,SGSN- and Gatewa$ GPRS Su!!ort Node ,GGSN-. The SGSN /0R ,S*/0R- !ro)ides the Radio Network Bi##ing Infor ation: 2. Su(s"ri(er identit$ D Internationa# Mo(i#e Su(s"ri(er Identifier ,IMSI4. 7o"ation ,/e## I05. EoS' 0ata Vo#u e 6. 7ink@0own#ink duration The GGSN /0R ,G*/0R- !ro)ides the 0ata Network Bi##ing Infor ation: 2. Su(s"ri(er identit$ ,IMSI-

1 Wi!ro Te"hno#ogies

Page :

36 of 3>

WHITE PAPER

Migration of GSM Networks to GPRS

4. E%terna# Address * A""ess Point Network ,APN5. 0ata Vo#u e 6. 7ink@0own#ink duration The /harging Gatewa$ +un"tiona#it$ ,/G+- in a GPRS network !ro)ides the first #e)e# of ediation' "onso#idating the S*/0Rs and G*/0Rs into a eaningfu# for at for the e%terna# /usto er /are F Bi##ing ,//B- s$ste . The /G+ !asses the ediated /G+* /0Rs to the //B s$ste for rating. Thus' the "harging gatewa$ fun"tion is ore of a !o#i"ing fun"tion than a "harging fun"tion.

/.2.2 ' P S#R$#R

In order to !ro)ide a rate for GPRS transa"tions' additiona# infor ation is re&uired. 0ata ser)i"es o)er GPRS wi## re#$ on WAP ser)ers to "on)ert HTM7 "ontent fro We( ser)ers into a suita(#e for at for o(i#e de)i"es.WAP ser)ers generate transa"tion infor ation that wou#d (e ne"essar$ to effe"ti)e#$ !ro)ide a rate for data ser)i"es su"h as "ontent fro the Internet. Ser)i"e !ro)iders wi## want to offer different !ri"ing !#ans' de!ending on the )a#ue of the "ontent the$ are !ro)iding. 0istinguishing "ontent wi## re&uire infor ation fro WAP ser)ers su"h as the :R7s for an Internet session. Therefore' in addition to /G+*/0Rs' there wi## (e the need to use WAP*/0Rs for rating.

/.2.3 R )I%S S#R$#R

A""ess ,authenti"ation F authori?ation- to a GPRS network is "ontro##ed at the SGSN. A Radius ser)er a$ "ontro# a""ess to e%terna# networks. The Radius ser)er a##o"ates IP addresses for a GPRS transa"tion and as a resu#t' !ro)ides the ne"essar$ infor ation to re#ate Internationa# Mo(i#e Su(s"ri(er Identifier ,IMSI- nu (ers fro a o(i#e su(s"ri(er and the asso"iated IP address for rating. Therefore' in addition to ediating /G+*/0Rs and WAP*/0Rs' there is a re&uire ent to ediate infor ation fro Radius * /0Rs.

"et6ork *ediation < CG0-C)R = ' P-C)R = Radiu.-C)R GSM //B s$ste s are not "a!a(#e of sour"es. ediating e)ent re"ords fro these )arious

/.2., >%SI"#SS *#)I TI&"

In addition to Network Mediation re&uire ents' there are Business Mediation re&uire* ents to ena(#e ser)i"es su"h as Re)enue Sharing and S!onsored Bi##ing that are "o on (usiness ode#s within the IP en)iron ent.

1 Wi!ro Te"hno#ogies

Page :

38 of 3>

WHITE PAPER

Migration of GSM Networks to GPRS

/.3 >I--I"G
Sin"e GPRS is an Ga#wa$s*onH te"hno#og$' the ti e*(ased !ri"ing ode#s of the "urrent GSM wor#d are not a!!ro!riate for GPRS. Hen"e GPRS wou#d re&uire: /ontent A!!#i"ation Vo#u e Eua#it$ of Ser)i"e Transa"tions And #o"ation (ased

!ri"ing ode#s to a!!ea# to users. To su!!ort the "o##e"tion of (i##a(#e a!!#i"ation and "ontent usage data' the data wi## need to (e "o##e"ted dire"t#$ fro /GSN@SGSN and enhan"ed and erged with the IP*(ased a!!#i"ations' ser)ers and network e#e ents.

8. %3grading t!e e7i.ting *ediation .et u3 in 'IPR& to .uit t!e fra+e6ork of GPRS
Wi!ro has its GSM "usto ers s!read a## o)er India' where the Mediation a!!#i"ation has (een i !#e ented. Hen"e the e%isting fra ework for GSM "an (e i !ro)ised to eet the GPRS re&uire ents. The fo##owing are so e of the suggested enhan"e ents:

An e%isting Mediation setu! to su!!ort HTM7 for ats to de"i!her the infor ation o(tained fro WAPSERVER and RA0I:S Ser)er. on for at

The out!ut for at o(tained fro the Mediation a!!#i"ation (e of a "o that "ou#d (e understood ($ an$ ;SS end*user a!!#i"ation

Re*designing the ediation a!!#i"ation su"h that it a"ts #ike a (#a"k (o%' there($ redu"ing the "usto i?ation at the interfa"es. It is en)isaged that the )o#u e of a""ounting data wou#d great#$ in"rease' in the order of 83 /0Rs !er !erson !er da$ and hen"e the Mediation a!!#i"ation to (e i !ro)ised' in order to!ro"ess a u#titude of re"ords fro different e#e ents' as otherwise it wou#d ha)e a dire"t hit on the the !erfor an"e of the s$ste .

In the "onte%t of GPRS' !ro)isioning of ser)i"es wou#d in"#ude (oth GSM and IP ser)i"es.

0ire"t Pro)isioning of the IP shou#d take !#a"e at the "entra#i?ed 70AP ser)ers and for the GSM at the H7R@MS/.

1 Wi!ro Te"hno#ogies

Page :

39 of 3>

WHITE PAPER

Migration of GSM Networks to GPRS

9. Conclu.ion
In theor$' the GPRS shou#d "ost uses #ess than "ir"uit*swit"hed ser)i"es sin"e "o uni* "ation "hanne#s are (eing used on a shared (asis and a#so the !a"kets are need*(ased rather than dedi"ated on#$ to one user. The ne%t ste!!ing stone wou#d (e o)ing towards 5G ($ i !#e enting E0GE ,Enhan"ed 0ata rates for G#o(a# E)o#ution-' offering data ser)i"es and a!!#i"ations at s!eeds u! to 5=6k(its @ se" using the e%isting infrastru"ture. ;thers in"#ude :MTS ,:ni)ersa# Mo(i#e Te#e!hone S$ste -' W0/MA ,Wide(and*/M0Aand T0@/0MA ,Ti e 0i)ision@/ode 0i)ision Mu#ti!#e A""ess- that are (eing de)e#o!ed to address 5G networks. In "on"#usion' the GPRS is the ke$ transition !hase and is a funda enta# re&uire ent for Third Generation Mo(i#e /o uni"ations.

?. -i.t of cron5+.
2. GSM * G#o(a# S$ste for Mo(i#e /o uni"ations

4. GPRS * Genera# Pa"ket Radio Ser)i"e 5. MS * Mo(i#e Station 6. SGSN * Ser)ing GPRS Su!!ort Node 8. GGSN * Gatewa$ GPRS Su!!ort Node 9. BTS * Base Station Trans"ei)er Su(s$ste <. BS/ * Base Station /ontro##er =. H7R * Ho e 7o"ation Register >. MS/ * Mo(i#e Ser)i"es Swit"hing /enter 23.5G * Third generationI ,is a generi" na e for ne%t*generation ,:ni)ersa# Te#e"o uni"ations S$ste is "a##ed a 5G in North A eri"a22.ETSI - Euro!ean Te#e"o o(i#e networks

J:MTSA' IMT*4333I so eti es the GPRS

uni"ations Standards Institute

24.RA0I:S * Re ote Authenti"ation 0ia#*In :ser Ser)i"e 25./0R * /o##e"tor 0ata Re"ords 26. WAP * Wire#ess A!!#i"ation Proto"o# 28./G+ * /harging Gatewa$ +un"tiona#it$

1 Wi!ro Te"hno#ogies

Page :

3< of 3>

WHITE PAPER

Migration of GSM Networks to GPRS

29. IMSI * Internationa# Mo(i#e Su(s"ri(er Identifier 2<. //B * /usto er /are F Bi##ing 2=. APN * A""ess Point Network 2>. E0GE * Enhan"ed 0ata rates for G#o(a# E)o#ution43. T0@/0MA * Ti e 0i)ision@/ode 0i)ision Mu#ti!#e A""ess 42. W0/MA * Wide(and*/M0A 44. 70AP * 7ightweight 0ire"tor$ A""ess Proto"o#.

@. Reference.
7inks

2. GSM * An Introdu"tion to GPRS www.gs wor#d."o 4. Bi##ing and :sage Strategies www.%a""t."o 5. I !#e entation of GPRS www."is"o."o 6. A Guide to GSM Network Migration D White !a!er www.nokia."o 8. +ro GSM to :MTS

www.sie ens."o 9. Genera# GPRS Ar"hite"ture www.eri"sson."o

1 Wi!ro Te"hno#ogies

Page :

3= of 3>

WHITE PAPER

bout 'i3ro
Wi!ro Te"hno#ogies is a !art of Wi!ro 7i ited ,NKSE: WIT-' and is a #eading g#o(a# !ro)ider of high end IT so#utions. The IT so#utions !ro)ided in"#ude a!!#i"ation de)e#o! ent ser)i"es to "or!orate enter!rises and hardware and software design ser)i"es to te"hno#og$ "o !anies. The "o !an$.s to! "#ients in"#ude 7u"ent' /anon' E!son' Hita"hi' Son$' Toshi(a' /is"o' IBM and ARM.

'i3ro in GPRS
Wi!ro has its GSM "usto ers s!read a## o)er India' where the Mediation a!!#i"ation has (een i !#e ented. Hen"e the e%isting fra ework for GSM "an (e i !ro)ised to eet the GPRS re&uire ents.
1 /o!$right 4332. Wi!ro Te"hno#ogies. A## rights reser)ed. No !art of this do"u ent a$ (e

re!rodu"ed' stored in a retrie)a# s$ste ' or trans itted in an$ for or ($ an$ eans' e#e"troni"' e"hani"a#' !hoto"o!$ing' re"ording' or otherwise' without e%!ress written !er ission fro Wi!ro Te"hno#ogies. S!e"ifi"ations su(Le"t to "hange without noti"e. A## other trade arks entioned herein are the !ro!ert$ of their res!e"ti)e owners. S!e"ifi"ations su(Le"t to "hange without noti"e.

+erica #uro3e 2>>8 EI /a ino Rea#' Suite 433 25<' Euston Road Santa /#ara' /A >8383' :SA 7ondon NW24AA':M Phone:N2 ,63=- 46>9568 Phone:N ,66- 343 <5=<3939 +a%: N2 ,63=- 928<2<6@928<2<= +a%: N ,66- 343 <5=<3938

Aa3an India-'orld6ide :) Saint Pau# B#dg' 8*26*22 0oddakanne##i' SarLa!ur Road Higashi*;i' Shinagawa*Mu' Banga#ore*893 358' India Tok$o 263*3322'La!an Phone:N ,>2- =3=663322 *28 Phone:N,=2- 58694<>42 +a%: N,>2- =3=663486 +a%: N,=2- 58694<>44 www.wi!ro."o eMai#: infoOwi!ro."o

1 Wi!ro Te"hno#ogies

Page :

3> of 3>