Expected QI Macros Results and Comparison to Minitab 12 or other Resources

Table of Contents Chart Expected Differences Control Charts Attribute Charts - c, u, p, np Variable Charts - Xmr, XbarR, XandS, XmR Trend, Xmedian Cusum Moving Average EWMA Control Chart Stability Rules Control Chart Stability Tests Histogram with Cp and Cpk Frequency Histogram Capability 5 pack Other Charts Pareto Run Scatter Box and Whisker Mulitvari Chart Page # 2

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Expected Differences
Stability Analysis Both the QI Macros and Minitab let you define what stability rules you want to use. The QI Macros defaults to Montgomery's rules but lets you select from Juran, AIAG and Western Electric rules. You can also further customize rules in the QI Macros. See http://www.qimacros.com/free-excel-tips/control-chartrules.html Minitab requires you to define the rules you want to use each time you run a chart. The QI Macros offer additional tests that Minitab does not. Minitab also treats trends differently than the QI Macros. For example, one common set of rules is 6 points in a row increasing or decreasing. Once you have 6 points in a row that meet these criteria, the QI Macros will turn all 6 points red. Minitab will not turn any points red until the 7th point and then will only turn the 7th point red. Upper and Lower control limits on u, p, and XandS charts since the sample size on these charts vary, the upper and lower control limits vary (from point to point). Minitab displays the UCL and LCL for the last point. The QI Macros display the UCL and LCL for the 3rd to the last point. Note the control limit lines are the same, only the value displayed is different. Also, the center lines are both the same since these do not vary. Histogram - Standard Deviation calclation The QI Macros uses the standard deviation calculation of Microsoft Excel. Minitab uses a different calculation which returns slightly different results. The standard deviation difference will cause slight differences in the following calculations: Pp, Ppk, Z score and Expected PPM Histogram Cp, Cpk calculation when subgroup size is 3 The difference in the two calculations is the constant used in the sigma estimator calculation. This effects Cp and Cpk but not Pp and Ppk. Per Juran and Montgomery, the QI Macros use a constant of 1.693 when there are 3 subgroups. It looks like Minitab is using something like 1.093. We do not know where this constant comes from and believe it to be an error in Minitab. Cusum and Moving Average Chart Control Limits Control limits are slightly different because QI Macros uses standard deviation while Minitab uses sigma estimator.

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C Chart
QI Macros c Chart

Minitab c Chart

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u Chart
QI Macros u chart

Minitab u chart

UCL / LCL differences. See notes regarding expected differences on page 2.

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p Chart
QI Macros p chart

Minitab p chart

UCL / LCL differences. See notes regarding expected differences on page 2.

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np Chart
QI Macros np Chart

Minitab np chart

See note regarding difference in stability rules on page 2.

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XmR Chart
QI Macros X chart

Minitab X chart

See note regarding difference in stability rules on page 2.

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QI Macros Range Chart

Minitab R chart

See note regarding difference in stability rules on page 2.

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XbarR Chart
QI Macros Xbar chart

Minitab Xbar chart

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QI Macros R chart

Minitab R chart

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XandS Chart
QI Macros X chart

Minitab X chart

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QI Macros S chart

Minitab S chart

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XmR Trend
QI Macros Trend chart

Minitab Trend chart

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QI Macros R chart

Minitab R chart N/A

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Xmedian R Single Column of Data

QI Macros X Chart

QI Macros R Chart

Minitab does not offer median charts

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Xmedian R Multiple Columns of Data

QI Macros X Chart

QI Macros R Chart

Minitab does not offer median charts

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Cusum Chart QI Macros Cusum Chart - Target = 10

Minitab Cusum Chart - Target =10

Control limits are slightly different because QI Macros uses standard deviation while Minitab uses sigma estimator.
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Moving Average Chart

QI Macros Trend chart

Control limits are slightly different because QI Macros uses standard deviation while Minitab uses sigma estimator.
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Estimated Moving Weighted Average Chart

QI Macros

Minitab

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QI Macros EWMA R chart

Minitab Moving Range Chart Run separately

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Control Chart Stability Rules QI Macros 2006 and Previous Versions are based on Montgomery's rules.

QI Macros 2007 Lets you choose rules from various sources or customize your own. Montgomery's rules are used as the default rules.

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Minitab Attribute and Range Chart Rules

Minitab X chart Rules

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Control Chart Stability Tests

1 point above UCL QI Macros

Minitab

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1 point below LCL QI Macros

Minitab

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2 out of 3 points above 2 sigma QI Macros

Minitab - does not perform this test on attribute charts

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2 out of 3 points below -2 sigma QI Macros

Minitab - does not perform this test on attribute charts

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4 out of 5 points above 1 sigma QI Macros

Minitab - does not perform this test on attribute charts

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4 out of 5 points below - 1 sigma QI Macros

Minitab - does not perform this test on attribute charts

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8 points in a row above Center Line -

Minitab - uses 9 points not 8 (QI Macros - set to Juran rules to use 9)

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8 points in a row below Center Line QI Macros

Minitab - uses 9 points not 8 (QI Macros - set to Juran rules to use 9)

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6 points in a row increasing QI Macros

Minitab - will not turn this condition red until the 7th point and then will only turn the 7th and additional points red

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6 points in a row decreasing QI Macros

Minitab - will not turn this condition red until the 7th point and then will only turn the 7th and additional points red

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15 points in a row inside =- 1 sigma (hugging) QI Macros

Minitab - does not perform this test on attribute charts

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14 points in a row alternating up and down QI Macros

Minitab - will not turn this condition red until the 15th point and then will only turn the 15th and additional points red

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8 points in a row outside =- 1 sigma

Minitab - does not perform this test on attribute charts

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Histograms and Capability Analysis

Explanation of Differences Standard Deviation calculation. The QI Macros uses the standard deviation calculation of Microsoft Excel. Minitab uses a different calculation which returns slightly different results. The standard deviation difference will cause slight differences in the following calculations: Pp, Ppk, Z score and Expected PPM Data Source: Montgomery, Intro to SPC, 4th Ed., pgs. 353-358 USL = 346 LSL = 200

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QI Macros Histogram - increase decimals on data in Hist data sheet from 1 to 2 to more easily compare results.

Minitab Histogram

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Second Histogram with Different Cp and Pp, Cpk and Ppk

Data Source: Montgomery Intro to SPC (5th) pg 200 USL = 2 LSL = 1

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QI Macros Histogram

Minitab Histogram

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QI Macros Frequency Histogram

Minitab Capability Analysis

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QI Macros X chart Templates using Data set 1

Minitab Capability Six Pack

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Pareto Chart
QI Macros Pareto Chart

Minitab Pareto Chart

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Run Chart
QI Macros Run Chart

Minitab Run Chart

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Scatter Diagram
QI Macros Scatter Diagram and Metrics on Calculation sheet

Minitab Scatter Diagram

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Box and Whisker

QI Macros Box and Whisker

Minitab Box and Whisker

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Multivari Chart
QI Macros

Minitab - no Multivari chart

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