2.1 Translation %&#'TE( 2 : T(#)*+ -, -1.

Translation is a transformation that moves all (,#Tthe points on ) a plane through the same distance and in the same direction. C 2. Properties of a translation 1 a) the shape, size and orientation of the object and 1 the image are the same 1 in the same direction b) every point is moved through the same distance and h & 3. translation is usually e!pressed in the form , "here h represents the horizontal k & & movement parallel to the !#a!is and k represents the vertical movement parallel to 2 2 the y# a!is C 2 C Example 1 Exercise : i) *ra" the image for each of the follo"ing object. ii) +tate the coordinates of the image for each of the points under the given translation. y 3 1. Translation , H
& &

&
2
i) $

2H

1 & 2
A ns"er - ). 2 4 3.
& Translation 2

is mapped onto $% under a & x translation2 or each ! point in 2 4 triangle is moved & units to the right follo"ed by 2 uints do"n"ards ii) 'nder the same translation, image of ( is ()(7,5). 2 2. Translation 1

y 1 2"
&

y C 1 & & A

2 y
2 4 y 4

& units to the right ! !

2 ns"er-

2 ns"er &. Translation 1& & 1

&
2 -4

22
02 0 C 2 0 2

0 !
4

&&
-4 -2 -2 4 #$

i) 3hoose atyleast t"o corresponding points 2 4 ! ! 3 image. bet"een object and Translation of units to move to the ii) /. 3ount the number , right or1left, then the number of units to D move up"ards or do"n"ards. iii) The vector of translation is & ! 1 2/ units 0 do"n"ard & Translation&Translation 2

& 2 & Translation2 Translation

#&#&

Transformation I,II

#2#2

&

y & 2
/. -4

&y &

&
-2 0 2 4

1. -4 -4

& &

2 2
-2 -2

0y

2 2

4 4

#2
#& -4

& 0 #2 #2 2
#& #& 0

! !

&
-2

#2 Translation#&

Translation -

Translation 2.2 (e.lection (e.lection is a transformation "hich reflects all the points on a plane in a line called the axis o. re.lection. 'roperties o. re.lection i) the shape and size of the object and its image are the same ..congruent) ii) the orientation of the image is laterally inverted compared to the object. iii) the position of any point lying on the a!is of reflection does not change.

& 0 -2 #2 #& 2 0 )

P 2 y 71 ! 2 P0

5n the diagram0 is the image of under a reflection of y 6a!is or ! 7 , P) is the image of P under reflection of line y 71

&

-4 4

2.2.1 To /etermine the ima0e 1n/er a re.lection 2ra3 an/ la4el the ima0e 1n/er a re.lection .or each o. the .ollo3in0.

Transformation I,II

Example -

y & 0 2

Exercise1.

y & 2

&
-4 -2 0 2 4

!
-4

&
-2 0 2 4

#2
#&

#2
#&

!is of reflection
2

!is of reflection :::

3

4 & 2 P

&
-4 -2 0 2 4

&
;

#2
#&

&

&

&

2.2.2 To /etermine the axis o. re.lection Example- *ra" the a!is of reflection

Exercise 1.

Transformation I,II

&

%0

&

a!is of reflection 2. 3

&
30

&

*0

2.2.5 *tate the axis o. re.lection. Example: y

Exersice 1 & 2

& 2
&

&
2 4

-4

-2

-4 4

-2 #2 #&

#2
#& !is of reflection - ! 7 2 2.

!is of reflection 3

y 1
& & 2

1
&

2 0 1 2 5 4 5 ! 7

!
0 1 2 5 4 5 ! 7 !is of reflection -

!is of reflection -

Transformation I,II

&

Transformation I,II

2.5 (otation rotation is a transformation "hich rotates all the points on a plane % about a fi!ed point .<no"n as centre of rotation) through a given an0le in the cloc<"ise or anticloc<"ise /irection. 2P

%entre #n0le 2irection

# 2

B
A 7 '0

The diagram sho"s that P is mapped onto P) through a rotation about A of an angle B in cloc<"ise direction

The properties of rotation i) the shape of the object and the image are the same ii) the si6e of the object and image are the same iii) the orientation of object and image remain the same iv) the centre of rotation is the only point that does not change its position. +ince full rotation is 31,, =, cloc<"ise 7 2>,, anticloc<"ise 2>,, cloc<"ise 7 =,, anticloc<"ise 1?,, cloc<"ise 7 1?,, cloc<"ise . for a rotation 1?,, it is not necessary to mention the direction of rotation) Example Exercise *ra" the image of @ under a 9otation of =,, *ra" the image for each of the object cloc<"ise about . under the rotation given ,

y 1 1
A

&
2

&
2
A 2

=,D @0
4 ! 2 4 !

1. 9otation of =,, anticloc<"ise about

2. 9otation of 1?,, anticloc<"ise about (. y

yy y && & 8) 9) )

5. 9otation of =,, cloc<"ise about% . y yy y

% 1 1 1 1 %) 2 2 " 8) +) & 8 %) A 922 % & && && & 3) 8 & & && & 2 ( P) !! ! !! ! y % -4 -4 -4 -2 -2 -2 0 0 0 2 2 2 4 4 4 -4 -4 -4 -2 -2 -2 0 0 0 2 2 2 4 4 4 2 P 8) 3 2 8 2 2 2% & be calculate by AP) *) P) 2 +cale factor, < can 3 # % ) ) 22 2 @ 2 #2#2 #rea 1n/er enlar0ement 8 #2 #2 #2 9 #2 Triangle P)8)9) ismage the image of Transformation I,IIP 1 length of of 7side 32 :or any enlargement "ith factor <. of %) triangle P89 under an scale enlargement length of side of object ! * Perpendicular 22 &4 1 ,, 2 2 && 1 1 3entre ! 9) 2 ! ! !! ,y & 1 > , 2 2 & 1 = 2 + ! 3 ,P T ) rea of image 7 < C area of object ) 2 9) %) !% 9 P 4 9 y 3 y T 9) y "ith centre and scale 2! 2 %) 2 4 4 factor !% ! .<) 7 < 7 ) y bisectors ! ! 9 + #& #& #& #&#& #&
&

) ' && & % * 3 1 & 11 %) 11 @) 2 2 2 && 3 C 3) *) && & A 3) ) P 0 R 0 %) & & & & 3) & & < 7 PQ ) P) & &&

Transformation I,II

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