CE-751 Urban Transportation Systems Planning

Assignment No. 04

Study of Traffic Analysis Zones in Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR)

Date of submission : 02/09/2013

Submitted by: Dheeraj Vijay Sawant 133040004

Table of Contents
4.1. 4.2. 4.3. 4.4. Introduction ................................................................................................................ 1 Traffic Analysis Zones ............................................................................................... 1 Mumbai Metropolitan Region .................................................................................... 2 Traffic Analysis Zones in MMR ................................................................................ 4 Surveys done in these TAZs................................................................................ 4

4.4.1. 4.5.

Outcomes from the Study ........................................................................................... 5 Inter-City Bus Terminals ..................................................................................... 5 Truck Terminals: ................................................................................................. 6 Corridor Development......................................................................................... 6 Rail Network till 2031 ......................................................................................... 7

4.5.1. 4.5.2. 4.5.3. 4.5.4. 4.6. 4.7. 4.8.

Cost Estimates ............................................................................................................ 8 Conclusion .................................................................................................................. 9 References .................................................................................................................. 9

Table of Tables
Table 1: % growth of various modes in last 15 years in MMR ............................................. 3 Table 2 : TAZs as per sub-regions of MMR ......................................................................... 4 Table 3 : Recommended Highway Corridors till 2031.......................................................... 7 Table 4 : Suburban lines for Horizon Year 2031 .................................................................. 7 Table 5 : Project Cost Estimates till 2031 ............................................................................. 8

Table of Figures
Figure 1:Layout of Mumbai Metropolitan Region ................................................................ 3

Assignment No. 04

Study of Traffic Analysis Zones in Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR)

4.1. Introduction
Traffic is a major problem in most of the larger cities of the world. When it comes to megacities like Mumbai, Jakarta, Delhi etc., this problem aggravates. Availability of land is the major issue and hence any redevelopment plan for the transportation system in the city requires very extensive planning. During this planning, not only the city, but the surrounding regions also have to be considered. Here comes in the consideration of the metropolitan region which includes the major city along with the surrounding areas which may significantly contribute to the traffic moving in or out of the city under consideration daily. For planning of the systems of this area, if the survey is done for the area as a whole,it may not yield the representative results e.g., certain area has more pedestrian population in daily trips than vehicular population. In this case the measures required for that area may differ from an area having more vehicular population. So, for this purpose, the metropolitan region is divided into various number of zones and surveys carried out separately to get the zonal traffic analysis. Such a categorisation of the larger area helps in beter analysis of the data, better implementation of the strategies and better economic maintenance of the transportation systems.

4.2. Traffic Analysis Zones

A traffic analysis zone is a unit of geography most commonly used in conventional transportation planning models. The size of the zone varies, but for typical metropolitan planning software, a zone of under 3000 people is common. The spatial extent of the zones typically varies in models, ranging from very large in the areas on outskirts to as small as blocks or buildings in CBD. There is no technical reason so as to why zones cannot be as small as buildings, however additional zones add to the burden. Zones are constructed by census block information. Typically these blocks are used in the transportation models by providing socio-economic data. States differ in the socio-economic data that they attribute to the areas. Most often the critical information is the number of automobiles per household, 1

household income and employment within these zones. This information helps to further understand the trips that are produced or attracted within the zone. This is typically done to eliminate unneeded area to limit the computational burden.

4.3. Mumbai Metropolitan Region

The Mumbai Metropolitan Region is a metropolitan area consisting of the metropolis of Mumbai and its satellite towns. Developing over a period of 20 years, today it consists of seven municipal corporations and fifteen smaller municipal councils. The entire area is overseen by the Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA), a Maharashtra State Government organisation in charge of town planning, development, transportation and housing in the region. The MMRDA was formed to address the challenges in planning and development of the integrated infrastructure for the metropolitan region. The areas outside of Brihan Mumbai( Greater Mumbai) and Navi Mumbai have lacked organised development. Navi Mumbai, developed as one of the largest planned cities in the world, was promoted by a Maharashtra Government qwned company, City and Industrial Development Corporation(CIDCO). The region has had problems related to haphazard and illegal development due to rapid urbanisation. The MMR covers an area of about 4355 sq.km. It contains 1500 sq. km. of developable area and supports an overall density of 1300 persons/sq.km. it comprises of 1180 villages, 37 census towns, 13 municipal councils, and seven municipal corporations. It has the Arabian Sea coast to the west and south, joins Gujarat in the north and merges with rest of Maharashtra in the east. The map of MMR showing its subregions is shown in the figure. With rapid industrialisation and urbanisation in the last few decades, the population has 9.9 million in 1981 to 20.8 million in 2005.out of that 17% live in Island City of Greater Mumbai and 60% in suburbs of Greater Mumbai and Navi Mumbai. The population has led to densities as high as 45,900 /sq.km in Island City and more than 20000 /sq.km in the suburbs. The MMR is well served by major rail and road networks but have reached their capacity and require expansion at the earliest. For this purpose, a detailed study was carried out in 2005 titled as Comprehensive Transportation Study for Mum bai Metropolitan Region. It was carried out by LEA associates for the MMRDA. They studied the current traffic scenario in the region, analysed it and have put forth a detailed plan for the expansion of the transportation network in MMR.

Figure 1 : Layout of Mumbai Metropolitan Region Table 1 : % growth of various modes in last 15 years in MMR MMR Population growth Suburban train daily trips Bus daily Trips Registered cars Registered 2 wheelers Registered 3 wheelers Registerd taxis Regitered commercial vehicles Airport passengers Actual 15 year (1991-2005) 43% 35% 9% 137% 306% 420% 128% 200% 94%

4.4. Traffic Analysis Zones in MMR

MMR has been divided into 1030 traffic analysis zones (TAZs) as per the recently completed, World Bank funded Comprehensive Transportation Study (CTS) of Mumbai. Table 2 : TAZs as per sub-regions of MMR Subregion of MMR Greater Mumbai Northwestern Region Northeastern Region Navi Mumbai Region Neral Karjat Region Panvel Uran Region Pen Alibaug Region Rural areas Total Number of TAZs 577 93 222 66 10 20 9 33 1030

The above mentioned zoning has been done for the travel demand analysisof the Mumbai Metropolitan Region. Six purposes (Home based work office, home based work industry, home based work others, home based education, home based others and non home based) and six modes( suburban train, car, auto, 2 wheeler, bus, taxi) were considered during carrying out the Comprehensive Transportation Study.

4.4.1. Surveys done in these TAZs

The CTS carried out in the MMR consisted of various different surveys covering all modes of transport and maximum possible population. Following is the list of various surveys carried out in the CTS: Home Interview Survey (66000 sample size) Road Network Inventory Survey (2300 km)

Outer Cordon/ Sub Regional Cordon/ Inner Cordon/Mid-block count surveys (93 locations) Rail Passenger surveys Speed-flow surveys (for developing Volume-Delay functions for 16 carriageway types) Terminal surveys Journey Speed surveys (550 kms) IPT surveys (50 locations) Pedestrian count surveys (50 locations) Workplace Surveys (5000 sample size)

In addition to above surveys, GIS based maps for the entire MMR has been prepared including the landuse details and development plans. Based on these surveys, a database on household socioeconomic and travel characteristics of the region has been prepared for detailed travel demand modelling to study the future transport network requirements of the MMR. Based on these results, a conceptual transport network for horizon year 2031 and some short term traffic engineering measures for the year 2016 and beyond has been prepared in the CTS keeping in view the goals and objectives set for the future MMR. It is also based on the existing transport network, planned highway, suburban and metro corridors by various planning organisations, extending the transport network in to the greenfield areas and improving the connectivity to various growing clusters of the region.

4.5. Outcomes from the Study

The surveys carried out were used to formulate the development programs pertaining to the various modes. Some of the changes are:

4.5.1. Inter-City Bus Terminals

Local bus transportation demands of the people within the urban areas are met by the local transportation organizations/ undertakings operated by the respective municipal corporations. Long distance and inter regional travel demands of the MMR are met by the state road transportation corporations and private bus operators. It was recommended that, the MMR needs 4 interstate bus terminals and 13 bus stations by 2031 and the tentative locations are as follows: Inter State Bus Terminals: 5

1. 2. 3. 4.

Near Wadala Truck Terminal, MCGM Near Mira-Bhayender Kalyan area Panvel Area

Inter-City Bus Terminals 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Western Suburbs of MCGM : In between Bandra and Borivali Eastern Suburbs of MCGM : In between Kurla and Mulund Western part of Thane Municipal Corporation area Nerul in NMMC Kalyan Dombivali Municipal Corporation area Vasai/Virar area Pen SEZ area Bhiwandi-Nizampur MC area Mira-Bhayender MC area

10. Navgarh-Manikpur Municipal Council area 11. Alibaug Municipal Council area 12. Karjat Municipal Council area 13. Badlapur Municipal Council area

4.5.2. Truck Terminals:

5 major truck terminals and 10 mini truck terminals have been proposed for the horizon year 2031, taking into consideration the expected Dedicated Rail Freight Corridor (DRFC). The major truck terminal locations are as follows: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. On DRFC, near boundary of MMR on NH-8 (Mumbai-Ahmedabad) On DRFC, near Taloja Industrial Area Near JNPT Near the poposed International Airport in Navi Mumbai Near intersection of NH-3(Mumbai-Nashik) and DRFC

4.5.3. Corridor Development

Following table gives the details of the planned corridors for horizon year 2031.

Table 3 : Recommended Highway Corridors till 2031 Highway Corridor Description Eastern freeway Elevated link (Sewri-Worli Sea Link) MTHL:Sewree to Kharkopar MTHL:Kharkopar to Rave Radial-1(NH-8) Radial-2(Part of NH-3) Radial-3(Bhiwandi Bypass) Radial-3(Bhiwandi Bypass) (EBL corridor) Radial-4(Nahur-Badlapur) (EBL corridor) Radial-5(Chembur-Taloja) Radial-6(Vashi-Kalamboli) Radial-7(Uran-Pen) Radial-8(New Airport-Rewas) Thane-Ghodbunder Road (EBL corridor) Ghatkopar-Koparkhairane Creek Bridge Total Length(kms) 22.5 5.6 17.2 18.1 26.0 36.4 14.0 9.0 33.8 26.0 14.9 22.3 22.2 16.1 8.9 293.1

4.5.4. Rail Network till 2031

In the stages to come, the currently overburdened suburban rail network will be expanded to satisfy the required demand. Following table gives the details of the suburban line description for year 2031. Table 4 : Suburban lines for Horizon Year 2031 Suburban Line Description Diva-Vasai Road Length (kms) 40.1

Panvel-Jite-Thal Rewas Port(New Link) Panvel-Karjat Panvel-Uran Khakopar-Jite (new link) Ranjanpada-Seawood(new link) Thal-Alibag(new link) Diva-Panvel Thane-Bhiwandi Total

60.9 10.6 27.6 26.9 22.9 13.9 5.4 26.7 12.5 247.5

Along with these, Metro Rail has been proposed in stages. The total length of the metro rail till the year 2031 has been planned to reach 435.5 kms with the 11.4 kms Phase-I between Versova Andheri Ghatkopar scheduled to start operations parially in the year 2013 and become fully operational in early 2014.

4.6. Cost Estimates

The following table provides an overview of the overall costs that will be incurred on the undertaken projects till year 2031. The cost estimates have been separated as per the different modes of transport in which they will be invested in.

Table 5 : Project Cost Estimates till 2031 Component 2008-2031 Length (kms) Metro System Suburban Railway System Highway System Highway Corridors with EBL 8 435 248 1551 79 Cost(Rs. Crores) 108373 31418 57374 1695

Bus System Passenger Water Transport Truck and Inter-Bus Terminals Total 2422

4280 480 3040 Rs. 2,05,661

4.7. Conclusion
1. The Traffic Analysis Zones of MMR help in the proper categorisation of the developmental plans. 2. Use of Traffic Analysis Zones for the study shows that the densely populated areas of MCGM, NMMC and TMC require immediate attention. 3. Major emphasis in the developmental plan has been laid on the Rail and Metro network since these help in mass transit with lesser per capita space requirement.

4.8. References
1. Mir, M., Rao, K. and Hunt, J., (2010). Space Development Modelling of Urban Regions in Developing Countries, Journal of Urban Planning and Development. Vol. 136, pp 75-85. 2. LEA Associates.,(2005). Comprehensive Transportation Study of Mumbai Metropolitan Region The TranSforM Project, Mumbai. 3. Traffic Analysis Zones Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. (2013). Traffic Analysis Zones Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Available at : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_analysis_zone. [Accessed : 16th August 2013]