MAE130B: Intro to Viscous and Compressible Flows, Winter 2014

Catalog Description: MAE130B Introduction to Viscous and Compressible Flows (Credit Units: 4) Introduction to the analysis of viscous flows including fully developed laminar and turbulent flow in a pipe, viscous flow over immersed bodies, evaluation of boundary layer characteristics, lift and drag, compressible flow in a duct and normal shock waves. (Design units: 1) Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics, 7th Edition by Munson, Young, Okiishi, and Huebsch, Wiley 2009 https://eee.uci.edu/14w/19090 19090-W14@classes.uci.edu

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WebSite: Class email address: Class Instructors Lecturer: Classroom: Class Times: Office: Phone: email: Office Hours: TA: Phone: email: Office Hours: Office: Discussion Times: Discussion Room: TA Phone: email: Office Hours: Office: Discussion Times: Discussion Room:

Dr. John LaRue PCB 1100 M and W 4:00 to 5:50 Undergraduate Studies Office, REC 305 824-6737 jclarue@uci.edu after class and by appointment Ali Hatamizadeh 949-861-0502 hatamiz.uci@gmail.com Friday, 2:30 to 4:30 EG 1114 as noted below as noted below Lei Zhan 949-345-5809 lzhan@uci.edu Friday, 2:30 to 4:30 EG 1114 as noted below as noted below

Discussion Sections and time: Discussion Room Day Section 1 ELH 110 F 2 ELH 110 F 3 ELH 110 F 4 ELH 110 F 5 ELH 110 F

Time 8:00 to 8:50 9:00 to 9:50 10:00 to 10:50 12:00 to 12:50 1:00 to 1:50

Motivation for the Study of Fluid Mechanics, Goals, and Outcomes Mechanical Engineering has as its main focus the transfer of energy form one form to a more useful form. In addition, that transfer must be as efficient and non-polluting as possible. In many devices, energy transfer is accomplished by means of the flow of a fluid. In a car engine or a steam boiler, we are concerned with the flow of a high temperature fluid which carries 1

thermal energy that in the case of a car is transferred to the environment by means of the radiator or in the case of the steam boiler is transferred to a steam turbine which converts the energy to electricity. Aerospace engineers are concerned with the interaction of fluids with solid objects and must be able to understand the causes of lift and drag on airfoils and how to increase lift and reduce drag. In addition, reduction of the aerodynamic drag on vehicles such as cars and trucks must be understood so as to reduce drag and increase efficiency. Further, the desire to develop objects that move at speeds close to and above the speed of sound means that we must also understand the effects of compressibility that occur at speeds from about a 30% of the speed of sound and at higher speeds. Course Outcomes and Performance Criteria By the end of the quarter, you should be able to do the following: 1. Determine Non-dimensional Quantities such as the Reynolds number and understand how the values of those numbers can be used to determine flow characteristics, solution approaches, combination of large data sets and the interpretation of model tests Analyze laminar and turbulent, internal and external flows; Demonstrate an understanding of the effect of viscosity on fluid near a solid surface; Demonstrate an understanding of how lift and drag are generated on immersed bodies; Demonstrate the ability to analyze basic compressible flows; and, Use the analysis tools presented in the course to solve open ended design problems.

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In order to help you achieve the course outcomes and help you develop the abilities listed in the preceding, the lectures and discussion presentations will provide a brief review of material presented in your mathematics, science and previous engineering courses as it relates to the solution of the fluid mechanics problems. In this, as in most engineering courses, the primary method to develop an ability and demonstrate achievement of the outcomes is to practice and that means doing homeworkand a lot of it. I suspect that to be successful in this course you may need to spend 12 or more hours per week outside of class. Many of the quiz and test problems will be similar to the homework problems but in order to correctly complete the problems on the quiz or test, you will need to have worked through the homework and not copied it. For this course, one successful strategy is to form a study group. The members of the study group can help you better understand the basic concepts and solution approaches. However, as mentioned in the preceding, you must be careful not to copy homework since copying generally leads to poor performance on tests and quizzes. Assessment The assessment of your success in demonstrating your abilities to achieve the course outcomes is by means of the quiz and test problems as well as being able to explain concepts orally in class. Some of the test problems may require you to explain a definition or a concept using complete sentences. Other problems will be similar to homework problems and, to receive full credit for those problems, you will need to identify the basic equations, make reasonable assumptions, simplify those equations and the develop a computing equation and perhaps compute a numerical answer. Class participation will have a positive effect on your grade. However, some of you may have compelling reason that would prevent you from engaging in the class discussion. If you feel you have such a reason, please see me after class so we can talk about alternative means for you to participate orally in the class discussion.

Grading Criteria (only one of these approaches will be followed but that will not be decided until mid quarter Homeworkscore is primarily based on completion of assignments as, at most, only a few problems will be graded Clicker Quizesthere will be about eight clicker quizzes during the quarter. The lowest two scores will be eliminated. Midtermthree or four homework/example style problems (1 hour 50 minutes Finalthree or four homework/example style problems (2 hours) Completion of Teaching Eval and Course Outcomes Survey (if there is one) Class participation Design Problem. Team based open ended engineering design problem with constrains (eg economic) total Grading CriteriaOption I 7% Grading CriteriaOption II 9%

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1% NOT ASSIGNED IN THIS OPTION

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Grading Policy The overall grade will be based on a curve with a lower threshold. The mean score will correspond to a high C+ or low Bwith each half standard deviation corresponding to a half grade change. For example, if the mean score were 65 and the standard deviation were 10 points, then, if the mean score corresponded to the start of the B- range, a score of 70 would correspond to the start of the B range and 75 would correspond to the start of the B+ range. The term threshold refers to the policy that all scaled scores greater than 90% will likely be in the A range and scaled scores less than 25% will likely lead to an F grade. Teaching Evaluations and Course Outcomes Evaluations The teaching evaluations and course outcomes surveys are very important. The teaching evaluation provides guidance and motivation as to how effective the lectures and films are what I should be changed to improve the course. I welcome any comments concerning coverage of materials, homework, and other items at any time during the course. The course outcomes survey is a measure of how well you and I achieve the specific outcomes of the course. The latter set of surveys is especially critical to maintaining ABET accreditation which is important to all of us but especially to you when you are seeking a job and/or if you decide to become a licensed Professional Engineer. However, these surveys are only a part of a select set of courses each quarter and may not be offered in this course. You will receive an email just before the eighth week of the quarter letting you know the web address for the surveys and asking you to fill them out. Policy Issues Policies regarding tests, quizzes and grading 1. 2. All pre-test and pre-quiz questions must be asked in class. You will have only one week after graded material is returned to discuss the possibility of a grade change. 3

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Class participation will be included in assessing your course performance. Participation in class discussions or contributing to problem solutions to the class are encouraged forms of participation. If you are uncomfortable participating verbally in class, please seem so we can develop another means of class participation for you. All homework, quiz and test solutions must be presented on one side of new 8.5 by 11 inch paper. Your name should be on each page and each page should be numbered. The format for homework and test problems must be followed and is shown on the attachment. The homework solutions must be legible and all pages must be stapled together. Homework assigned the previous week is due on the day and time shown on the reading and homework assignment sheet. Homework should be placed in the marked box in the Engineering Gateway building. Homework will be returned in the discussion sessions or can be obtained from the TA during office hours. Late homework, i.e. homework not turned in by the due date and time will not be accepted unless an exception is requested prior to the date and time that the homework is due or if there is not a compelling reason. At most one problem will be graded completely but all problems will be inspected for completeness and points will be assigned based on the level of completeness. On the first page of the homework, note the number of problems out of the total number that you have completed, e.g. if there were seven problems assigned but you completed six, write 6/7. Also, please indicate the approximate total time that you spent working on the homework problems. (For planning purposes, students in prior classes tell me that the time required to complete a typical homework assignment is about 10-14 hours.) Some movies have been assigned and are part of the homework. The web address for the movies is shown at the bottom of the Reading and Homework table. The text also refers to short movies that can be accessed at http://www.wiley.com/college/munson. Since fluid mechanics is a study of fluid in motion, those videos can be very helpful. All work turned in for grading must be your work. If it is not, you will receive zero credit for that work and you may receive a failing grade in the course.

Add/drop policy Students may drop this class only before the end of the second week of the quarter. Students may add this class up until the end of the third week of the quarter. Web Reg must be used to add or drop the class, Prerequisite Issues Students who have not completed all the course prerequisites, will need to take and pass the Prerequisite Substitution Test. Please email me on the first day of class so we can find a time (about 50 minutes) and day when most of you can take the quiz. Please bring a petition waiver petition when you come to take the pre-req waiver test. Academic honesty A comprehensive listing of examples of academic dishonesty is listed on WebSOC. Those examples apply to this class. One area where there may be some confusion is that we encourage you to work on the homework in groups of two to four. However, in order to develop your abilities in this course, it is important for you to do your own work and to interact with the group only to help gain an understanding of concepts and solution approaches that are not, initially, clear to you. It is in your best interests not to copy since, if you were to copy another students solutions, you would not develop the abilities that are needed to do well on the tests. If someone were to copy another students homework or test problem solution, that would be considered to be an instance of Academic Dishonesty. Without question, the person who copied would lose full credit on the copied problem, perhaps a diminished grade on the entire test or homework assignment and, possibly, a lowered grade in the course. If there is copying during an examination, and you become aware that your work is being copied but you do not want to accuse your fellow student, please ask the test proctor to identify another work area for you to use to complete the test. The reason for this is that when answers and approaches to obtain those answers are identical, it is generally not possible to tell who was the copyee or the copier. Also, you must turn in only your own concept/question writeup, not those of a friend. If you were to turn in your own writeup and those of your friends, neither of you would receive credit for the work. You may, however, turn in homework for your friends where the homework has been completed by them. Homework Format

The format required for some of your homework problems as indicated on the course schedule page is as follows: (note some sections may not be appropriate for some of the problems and can be skipped.) Also, this is the format that will need to be followed for all test problems. Given Sketch with some of the major parameters shown Find Parameter values (This is required only for problems that require a numerical answer) Flow Considerations (Since the solution procedure and even the basic equations depend on the type of flowlaminar or turbulent, internal or external, compressible or incompressible, you should identify the flow type in this section before you proceed to list the basic equations Assumptions Basic Equations Simplified Basic Equations Step by Step Solution Procedure Computing Equation in Algebraic Form (The computing equation should be labeled and boxed. No numerical constant should be substituted before you have an algebraic form for the solution.) Numerical Answer (if requested) (The numerical answer should be boxed.) Working homework and sample problems is the most effective way to learn the course concepts and be able to apply them. Grading of Homework

At most one problem in each homework set will be carefully graded. The grading will be on a ten point scales as follows: 10 of 10: Correct assumption, procedure, and answer with neat/organized explanation following the solution format as indicated in the preceding. 9 of 10: Correct assumption and procedure, but wrong answer due to a single minor calculator error 8 of 10: Correct assumption and procedure, but wrong answer due to a single careless mistake in equation setup or in engineering units 6 of 10: Correct assumption and procedure, but wrong answer due to multiple errors and/or wrong usage of engineering units in analysis 4 of 10: Correct assumption, but wrong analytical procedure and wrong answer (however, somewhat meaningful and very serious attempt to solve the problem) 2 of 10: Wrong assumption, procedure, and answer (however, an attempt to solve the problem) 0 of 10: No attempt to solve the problem. To receive the credit indicated the homework solution format must be followed. If it is not, the problem will receive 0 credit. Most homework will not be graded in detail but will be reviewed for completeness and, if the format is followed will receive up to two points per problem.
Test and Quiz Organization Quizzes are cover less material that the midterm or final and consist of one or more questions of the multiple choice type. The midterm and final will consist of three or four and you will have 1 hour 50 minutes to complete the midterm and two hours to complete the final. One of the problems could be a multi-part problem that requests definitions, a narrative explanation of a concept or a qualitative analysis. Another problem type might be a derivation. The final problem type will one that is similar to an example or homework problem. Thus, you will see in lecture and in the text and homework about 75% or more of the tests. The remaining 25% or remaining problem may or may not be similar to either a homework or a sample problem.

The test and quizzes will be closed book. However, all basic equations and property values will be provided and. handwritten or printed notes of a proscribed size may be used. 5

Homework Format Name:__________________________ Student ID:______________________ Problem No._______ Given: Date:____________ Homework No.____

Sketch

Find

Parameters

Flow consideration

Assumptions

Basic Equations

Name:__________________________ Student ID:______________________ Problem No._______ Simplified Basic Equations

Date:____________ Homework No.____

Step by Step Solution Procedure

Computing Equation in Algebraic Form

Numerical Result

MAE130Bone possible alternative to verbal class participation Concept/Question/Comments Name:_________________________ Student ID:_____________________ Day of Lecture that is source of Concept/Question/Comment:__________________(must be from one of preceding two lectures or films) Date of Lecture When Turned in:_______________

1. Discuss (not just list) or give a definition of what you identify as the three main concepts that were presented in one
class, in the related text section or in the discussion session. 2. Write at least one question on one of the concepts that you would like clarified. 3. Optionally, include any comments on the lecture or text, etc. (For example, this is a way that you might let us know that you would like to see more math development or have more problems assigned ) (To receive full credit, you must present a discussion of a minimum of three concepts and pose one question. Also, the concepts must come from the material corresponding to only the preceding four lectures. The concept sheet must be turned in before the start of class and must be printed.) Example of concepts from MAE 130A. Concept 1: Contrast the characteristics of laminar and turbulent flow A laminar flow occurs at relatively low Reynolds numbers and is one in which the fluid flows in laminae or layers, i.e. there is no macroscopic mixing of adjacent fluid layersall mixing takes place due to molecular diffusion. At higher Reynolds numbers, the flow undergoes an instability and three dimensional velocity fluctuations become superimposed on the mean motion. This leads to macroscopic mixing of fluid and increases the mixing. Concept 2: Definition of a fluid A fluid is a substance that deforms continuously under that actions of a shear (tangential) stress no matter how small the shear stress may be. Concept 3. Reynolds number and it physical meaning The Reynolds number represents the ratio of inertia to viscous forces. If it is small, viscous forces are dominant and probably damp out any instabilities which generally implies that the flow will be laminar. Question: (Only one is required but they can vary from a question regarding a concept to or the meaning of a symbol) an example question might be as follows: Is a gas a fluid at all pressures? Comments: (not required but an example might be that it is difficult to see the left hand area of the blackboard)