Andrew Konen

Chapter 4 LABS

LAB 4.01 Step 1: The IEEE 802 LAN/MAN Standards Committee develops and maintains networking standards and recommended practices for local, metropolitan, and other area networks, using an open and accredited process, and advocates them on a global basis. The most widely used standards are for Ethernet, Bridging and Virtual Bridged LANs Wireless LAN, Wireless PAN, Wireless MAN, Wireless Coexistence, Media Independent Handover Services, and Wireless RAN. Step 2: Title is IEEE Standards for Ethernet Step 3: Section 1 is an introduction containing a brief overview, full and half duplex, notations, architectural perspectives, abbreviations and physical layer information. Section 3 relates to MAC frame and packets. This includes Elements of the MAC, frame components, and packet formats. Step 4: This diagram is setup more like layers and less like segmented line the books uses. It is also more detailed than the diagram in the book. Main parts include: Preamble, SFD, Destination Address, Source Address, Type, MAC client data, PAD, FCS, and possible Extension.

LAB 4.02 Step 1: When a node has data to be sent it examines the cable, checking for traffic, before sending a data frame. If traffic is detected then the node waits a few milliseconds before checking again. Step 2: Multiple Access relies on the principle of first come first serve. All nodes have equal access and send their data when they detect the cable is free. Step 3: When a node receives a mixed signal it knows a collision has happened somewhere in transmission and stops sending data. When a collision occurs, both nodes generate a random number. This number determines how long the node will wait before trying to resend the data. The node with the lower generated number sends its data first. Step 4: Collisions are a normal part of an Ethernet network and cannot be avoided. An optimal Ethernet network has no more than a 10% collision rate. Step 5: I do not have a hub with a collision detection indicator.

Andrew Konen

LAB 4.03 Step 1: I used a 2-5 foot patch cable. Step 2: According to the diagram provided: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Step 3 Step 7: This was performed in class and cannot be done at home. Step 8: I do not have an Ethernet tester at my disposal. But the cable worked properly. Orange/White Orange Green/White Blue Blue/White Green Brown/White Brown

LAB 5.01 Step 1 Step 5: Speed 1000BaseT 1000BaseTX 1000BaseSX 1000BaseLX 1000BaseZX 1Gbps 1Gbps 1Gbps 1Gbps 1Gbps Distance 100 m 100 m 220 500 m 5 km 70 km Cables CAT 5e/6 UTP CAT 6, CAT 7 Multimode Fiber Single-Mode Fiber Single-Mode Fiber Connectors RJ-45 RJ-45 Variable, Commonly LC Variable, Commonly LC and SC LC

Step 6: 1 Gigabit NIC cost ~$35, so 100 of them after 6% tax would be ~ $3710. Step 7: Both SX and LX have a greater range than 1000BaseT, LX being the longest. Fiber cables also protect the data from electrical interference. So these would be appropriate when a network needs to cover a large area (>100m) or there is potential for electronic interference / data loss. At a distance of 272 m, I would recommend use of 1000BaseSX. Use of light waves prevents electrical interference and the distance falls within the capabilities of the cabling.

Andrew Konen

LAB 5.02 Step 1: Im going to assume 100 connections! a. b. c. Step 2: These questions are very vague, and do not tell how the buildings are designed or other factors that determine network setup such as number of nodes, if nodes are spread out in groups etc. a. With many cable drops going to spread out cluster of fewer computers I would install many few port (ex. 5-8 port) switches that lead back to a central switch which connects the two buildings with a SFP transceiver (The question does not explain the distance between the building so I do not know which 1000Base would be needed.) Fewer switches with more ports to accommodate for only a few drops. This should be set up similarly to question a above. TRENDnet TEG-S80G Unmanaged 10/100/1000Mbps 8-Port Gigabit GREENnet Switch $33.99 x15 = $636.00 NETGEAR ProSAFE 48-port Gigabit Smart Switch with PoE and 4 SFP Ports - $679.99 x 3 = $2040 CISCO GLC-LH-SMD SFP Transceiver Module 1 Gbps 641.99 x 2 = $1361

b. c. Step 3:

Most modern NICs and switches support full duplex. Which duplex is used is auto-negotiated between the NIC and switch, so all that is required are the two components. Full duplex allows the device to send and receive data simultaneously, whereas half duplex only allows one at a time. Full duplex removes the wasted time of when the NIC waiting to receive before it can send and vice versa.

LAB 5.03 Step 1: Cabling 10GBaseT 10GBaseSR/SW 10GBaseLR/LW 10GBaseER/EW CAT 6 / 6e UTP Multimode Fiber Single-mode Fiber Single-mode Fiber Cable Details Four-Pair, Full Duplex 850 nm 1310 nm 1550 nm Connectors RJ-45 Not Defined Variable, Commonly LC Variable, Commonly LC and SC Length 55 / 100 m 26 300 m 10 km 40 km

Step 2: Intel Ethernet Converged Network Adapter X540-T1 - $351.99 typical size and shape, uses RJ-45 HP NC523SFP Fiber Optic Card - $619.99 very large compared to other NIC, included two ports. It appears as though these are still not common, as not a lot of them have many reviews (3 was the most I saw) and none of them gave a lot of detail about the product. I prefer Fiber-Optic technology personally. They are capable of going great distances with no distortion from electrical components near the cabling.

Andrew Konen
Step 3: These are not very common and most are on sale (up to 90% off) CISCO SFP-10G-SR= 10GBase-SR SFP+ Module - $654.00 Cisco Small Business SFP-10G-LRM= 10GBASE-LRM SFP+ Transceiver Module - $594.99