City College of New York Final Project Design of Piping System Me 35600: Fluid Mechanics

Salman Zaidi 3727 Professor Gonzalez December 13, 2013

Table of Contents Piping System Schematic................................................................................................................ 1 Description of System: .................................................................................................................... 2 Lengths and Diameters of Pipes: .................................................................................................... 2 Description and Location of Valves: .............................................................................................. 2 Flow Rates, Velocities, and Reynolds Numbers............................................................................. 3 Head Loss and Total Flow Rate for the Pump ................................................................................ 3 Pump Selection ............................................................................................................................... 4 Pump Performance Curve ............................................................................................................... 5 EES Programming Code ................................................................................................................. 7

Piping System Schematic Globe Valve Gate Valve Check Valve

Legend:

Elbow

Tee

AHU 4

AHU 3

AHU 2

AHU 1B

AHU 1A

Reservoir Pump Chiller

Description of System: The system was designed so that the Air Handling Units (AHUs) were in parallel. The AHUs were placed near the center of each floor. In order to supply the necessary flow rates to the floors, a pump was used. Ninety degree elbows were used in the basement and on the fourth floor, whereas tees were used on the other floors. On each floor, valves were added to regulate the flow to its proper amount. Lengths and Diameters of Pipes: Schedule 40 Commercial steel pipes were used in the piping system. Three different pipe diameters were utilized: one for the supply and return, one for floor 1, and one for the remaining three floors. The following is a list of the diameters: Diameter (in) 6 3.5 3 3 3

Supply and Return Floor 1 Floor 2 Floor 3 Floor 4

The total lengths of the pipes were as follows: Length (ft) 105 105 100 100 100 100

Supply Return Floor 1 Floor 2 Floor 3 Floor 4

Description and Location of Valves: A check valve, gate valve and globe valve were added before each AHU. A check valve was also added after the water went through the AHU. The check valve ensures that the fluid flows in one direction, the gate valve is used for on/off control and to isolate each AHU if necessary, and the globe valve is used to regulate the flow to the AHU.

Flow Rates, Velocities, and Reynolds Numbers Through the use of EES the following flow rates, velocities and Reynolds numbers were obtained for each floor: Flow Rate (GPM) Velocity (ft/s) Reynolds Number Floor 1 100 3.34 66,000 Floor 2 61.40 2.79 47,000 Floor 3 56.22 2.55 43,300 Floor 4 50.58 2.30 39,000 These values affirm that the velocity is below 10 ft/s, that the flow is maintained to be turbulent, and that each floor obtains the proper amount of fluid. Head Loss and Total Flow Rate for the Pump The head loss of the pump was the summation of the head loss due to the flow of the fluid, the head loss from the various components in the system, and the potential energy required to raise the fluid to the fourth floor. Due to the system being designed in parallel, the head loss from the flow of the fluid was equal on each floor. The following values were calculated: Head loss (ft) 0.985 22.16 55 78.14

Piping System Components Height Total

The total flow rate required for the pump is the summation of the flow rates to each floor. Thus, the pump is required to pump a minimum of 268 GPM with a head loss of 78 ft.

Pump Selection A pump that is required to pump 268 GPM with a head loss of 78 ft requires a minimum power of 4 kW. The following pump coverage curve from Gould's Reference was used to select the appropriate pump:

Based on the graph, the appropriate pump to use is the 92 SV.

Pump Performance Curve

From the pump performance curve the following information is obtained: 4 total stages and 1 reduced stage is required in the pump The pump operates at an efficiency of 75% The full diameter stages operate at 2 HP and the reduced diameter stage operates at 1.5 HP. The NPSH (Net Positive Suction Head) is 7 ft

EES Programming Code