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THEODOKE
M. DAVIS' Excavations
Bib AN EL MOLUK.
THE TOMB OF
u <
Q.
o
UJ
< X
X H
THEODORE
M.
DAVIS'
THE TOMB OF
lOUIYA
AND
liV
TOUIYOU.
DAVIS.
GA8T0N MASPERO.
DESCRIPTION OF THE OBJECTS FOUND IN THE TOMB,
BY
PERCY
E.
NEWBERRY.
LONDON:
CO..
LT".
NW YORK UNIVERSITY
iiiisiiiiicroii
soynBE
mm
LIBRARY
CONTENTS.
PAGE
Preface
by Theodore M. Davis
VII
List of Plates
and Illustrations
.
IX
XIII
XXV
of
the
:
Objects
found
in
THE
Tomb by Percy
1
Newberry
4
6
of Iouiy
10
11 13
16
19
20
of Touiyou 22 23 26
III
Funerary Statuettes of Iouiya and Touiyou Alabaster Vase bearing the names of Amenophis
Thyi
....
.
.
and Queen
28
29
30
31
Dummy Vases
Amulets The Chariot
.
32
33 35
Chair of Princess Sat-Amen Chair bearing the names of Queen Tiyi and Princess Sat-Amen Osiris Beds
Coffer bearing the names of Amenophis III
37 42 45
46 47
48
Coffer bearing the names of Amenophis III and Queen Thyi Staff and Whip
PREFACE.
DESIRE to
express
my
gratitude
to
]\Ionsieur
Maspero
for
^vliting
the
THEODORE
Newport,
.M.
DAVIS.
Rhode
Island,
U.S.A.
LIST OF
PLATE
I.
PLATES.
TlIK
L'lIAKlOT
I'llOl'lLE
Frontispicco
II.
FUI.L-FACE AND
i'kofii.e
UK THE
MUMMY
OF lOUIVA
ptcinjj pili/c
Xll
III.
mummy
of touiyou
XIV
IV.
XXIV
V.
side of the
Doou to
XXVI
Sarcophagus of Iouiya
foUuivinj paije 48
VIII.
IX.
X.
XI.
XII.
XII I.
XIV.
XV.
XVI.
XVII.
nage Mask
XVIII.
XIX.
Wooden
....
XX.
XXI.
XXII.
XXIII.
Wooden
Model Implements
....
.
XXIV.
XXV.
XXVI.
Alabaster Vase
Alabaster Vase
PLATE
XXVII.
XXVIII.
48
XXIX.
XXX.
XXXI.
XXXII.
XXXIII.
Mummified Birds
in'
wooden cases
XXXTV.
XXXV.
XXXVI.
XXXVII.
XXXVIII.
III
XXXIX.
XL.
XLI.
XLII.
XLIII.
Painted
Wooden Box
of Amenothes III
Wig Basket
Objects from the Tomb of Iouiya
XLIV.
XXIV
.
3G 38 39 40
ARM OF
ClIAIR OF
SaT-AMEN
Decoration on back of the Chair bearing names of Queen Tivi and Sat-amen
43
PLATE
II
O
>^
'==?
"^
o m
l-H
MASPERO.
Strictly speaking,
characters
:
tliese
two
in
tlieniselves historical
it
is
wife of
Amenothes
III
and
motlier of Kliouniatonou,
of Egypt.
L NAMES AND
tlie
TITLES OF THE
is
TWO PERSONAGES.
The name of
wife
written
']
^^'
l^'ss
frequently
the
i)r()l)al)le
'^
t]^'
^']^^'
it
'^^'ith
or without
tlie
female determinative:
reading of
is
Touiyou.
s])elling,
which
differ
somewhat
It
th(_'
lie
each
or
craftsman employed
his
the
making
of
the
the the
tlie
human remains
name
is
written
'j'^'^^'
for the
and exceptionally
dead
;
(]
^^'^'
<'ii
with or without
tlie
determinative
.scent chests,
and on the
coffin
canopic
boxes
i]'^^^'
tJie
small
ouashbaatiou
[ushabti]
XIV
finally
^^'J^kVl
oi'
the remains of
^Sf;'^^
l)otli
by figures of animals.
around two
its
beginning with
(|(|
or with
variants
and
(]g).
once
0.
l:)ut
Avhere
tlie
sounds
tlie
To
would
be
equally well
t)^,']^
"^'^''<^'^"
^^^^
^'m^'m
^^
names composed
consonants.
of
Of
tlieir
titles,
some denote
real functions,
Collecting
man,
J^
or
.f^J)
or
'^^^^j' rV
c^^-'veloped
into
]J,
with
its
variants
']!{
and =]J.
^. oikt
l(|^gi Ij^^
rank at
The
court
tlie
dead.
nT^V
Rapditi-haiti classes
hii'iti
nobility, whilst
in
^1^
Niti?
and
[1
him
the raid^s of
"one attached
Lower
Egyit,
to
{Homme
"friend"
title
fiii
collier
dii
roi)
of
and "friend";
of
in
the titulary
to
"one attached
the Person"
the titulary of
Lower
Egy})t.
The
(lualify the
among
the
i(y|
iieoi)lc
of this class:
sftmir tapoa
Uj)]X'r
in
truth
"the
first
^n|yi
of those
who
love
the
king of
king
of
Lower
Egypt"
baiti,
pi|<=>%l ^ '^>\.)^
samir dou-ni-mdrouit.
souton,
maronrou
and then
|li7^-J^^ samir
class of titles
udou-m-m.arouU, or
Py|^^
The second
PLATE
iri.
O
I
o h
o
w o w u
P w
hJ
E o
"
denote the
and
were of
if
Two
and
as
with
and
(sacred)
oxen of iMinou,
lord
title
of
Aklimim
"master
^==^
i]
ixis-ahaoii ni
His
of
of the horse, lieutenant of the king for the chariots," comes only once,
and
seems
to jjrove
tliat
lie
liad
to tlie wars.
The one
title to
is
that of
(|
J^
iaff-uoiitir
and
'^
J^,
^^'^
One of these
variants,
|']>4.=^S
lands" (that
to see.
to say,
the king),
imi)ortant, as
we
shall
have occasion
After
the
is
titles
proper
come
titles
l)y
courtesy, which
are
numerous.
^-=-^
,
louiya
n
I
called
'^
fi
(I
<=r>
=U
roi
,.
vi baiti
is
le
....... ni
iii
nab-taoaof the
ka-f, which,
translated, verbally
fait
gmnd
the
"cehu
que
le
rendu grand
"for
sage"
[lie
whom
his
king
has
made
whom
made
double."
title
One
variant gives
H-^^_^^
of "^i^^
"lord [or master] to do what pleases him" wliich belongs to the king.
The
most noteworthy
words |y
Hosou and
literally,
<=>
" he
/aro/'
V U(l
==>>-=
/losuiii
puroiii
me khaituu
/lo.souiuii,
whose
jjraises
are sung,
(lit.,
favourites," ft]t]']I
hosoui
ni noutir nojir,
god," vfJlj^g
lands,"
ytjO^^
"the favourite of
his lord,"
vOll
'^
n^
it
hosoui ni
Huron mepaou-f,
the designation
"
tlie
Most
commonly
^<^ hosoui ni
lord
Amnion," ^^^^Oc^^:
Nab
i^
"the
J:
lord of favour.s
ff'=^^j
Osiri.
literally,
!c=L.^^$iI
(iKlou-hosouitou
man
i/iaroiiif
khar nahou-f
liis
"the
lord Osiris,"'
~^<=>
me parliis
*^ H ^- i ^r-D
I
hosoidtou
suiiton, tliat
is
to say, " he
who
rejoices in the
unchanging love of
;
lord, 1
in the
Royal Palace"
fills
in short,
he
is
the
,,
noutir
noiijir,
"he who
god" and-
maroiii iKthoii-f,
"he
^^^ mah-
iahou ni souton
me
ta-re-zarou-f. "lie
otiier
who
fills
tlie
of
hiiili
rank,
'iVl
kinti',
oudou iahou
iti
souton aiie
-\\-'^
mah'
snaou-f,
without a second,"
the
heart of
|I
dm-iabou ni noutir
"he who
is
in
the
good god,"
of
"^ i
"^
T
king,
W^
the
ra-ni-souton
diikhtnii-nou-huiti,
the
southern
northern
in
king,"
tlie
on.
The
summed up
ex])ressive
sentence
ounouit
to
^^^S
re
^~^ll;^I<^^f "^^S'
(lit.
called at
any hour
His coffin
was
tl
'^=9'='
^'
iroui
me
made bv
titles
less varied
It
were at
court
in
her
capacity of 1'^^ kliakeroutt souten, "dresser to the king," and at the temple
of
1]^
-^
-j^^^
khonai
nit
Amaiiou,
with
the
variant
^=* VZ|
Amanou, "lady of the harem of Anion"; just as her husband was attached to the cult of j\liiiou of Panopolis, as we liave already seen above, she held in relation to that god the same position as she held to
ouarit kliomdt ni
Arnon,
^^ ^^
harem of Minou."
to
ca])acity
of
" dresser
the
king "
is
"SAA/v^nT
hosouit nit
noutir nofir,
vtji]
nofir,
and of
|tj(j
j^
hosoii/t
is
called yOij
|iiiiici])al
^
title,
hosouit
ni Ilatlior, "
wliieli
tlic
favoiiicd of llatlior."
|ii'()1mI,
Always her
that of
licr chicfh'
of her contemporaries,
is
that
L^]^^"royal mother of
^"''"M
tlie
^ ^S
1
maout souton
king."
iii
tlie cliief-wife
of the
This
is
fiinntiire,
on the
should
to refrain
on
account of the (piality of one of the i)ersons resting there, and would not
be able to plead the excuse of ignorance
of despoiling the
he
lu'rsistetl
in
his
intention
nunnmy.
titles,
To sum
to
tlie
\\\),
corresponding
people of mediocre
say, if the title
is
a })riestly
least
important
;
the
Touiyou,
tills
j)Osition
which
her into
fi-
relations
with the
like all
and she
is,
the ladies
who
Anion."
that belong to
of Panopolis
them
show
in the
Minou
more
to
us
the
two conjointly, or at
least the
There
is,
jierliaps,
facilitated the
came
latter
to the palace, to
;
i-eside
therein,
as
is
})ossible,
considering
lier
position
is
there that
Amenothes
III, or,
if
III,
was able
to see the
It
harems that
to
woman
of no of a
position,
or
simple
slave,
devoted
the
amusement
marriage,
lias
gained so great a hold upon her young master that she has got
herself espoused
Tiyi
of the
])areiits
of
and of
some such
adventvu'e.
The Pharaoh,
making
them with
I
favours,
:
of which
the lord
have spoken
of both lands,
3
if
the
title
must
really, as
we do not
private
any part
in
State
atl'airs
they remained
tlie
otlierwise.
II. THE
CHILDREN.
know
grow
the
:
Touiyou
liad
two cluldren, or
at least Ave
names of two
of her
uj)
Ijy
y
I
(I
x^^lj
i-.L^^w] Sai-s
Jioiwoufir mah-snnoti vi
tlie
Amanou
tavourite of
|t|t]\'^^'
the
Amenothes IV Khouniatonou.
that Tiyi
that
None of the
of louiya,
insrriptioiis
found
in
the
tomb
to
.'^ay
sujipose
she
the
born
of
a previous marriage of
of
the
legends
tliat
on
scarabs
Amenothes
III
did
not
dehnitelv state
slie
-^W
For the
last
half-century
many
efforts
to
provt'
that
})rinces.
will
(piote
upon
comes
this subject
Petrie
to
the
the
conclusion
from
tlii>
facial
type of Tiyi
ujion
the
monuments and
that the
Xorthern Syria."
He
declares
name
of her jiarents
may
royal.
titles
which she
of blood
"She
could
easily been
grandlieen
and
(pieen, her
pi'ince
Viiaa.
'
L.
Ijiirehardt,
Vatcr oder
der
Schiuiegervatcr
dcs
from the
dcr K.
Grscthclmft
Wisscnncluiftcn zu Leipzig,
LVIT.
iiji.
256-270.
" right to
lie
'
XIX
iiaiiic
;i
[ii-iii(''ss
lill
(if
lidtli
lands;' licv
might he Kgvptiaii
in
and
tlic
pi'oniiiicnt
Kgypt
while her
hut
it
he Syrian.
he yet
|i-o\'e(h
Budge, on his
" Syrian
side, assures
ns
tliat
" of all
tW
the
Mesoiiotaniian or North
hest
married,
heloved
Asiatic
was the
" heautifnl
or
to
Tii
None
of the
other
wives was
"acknowledged
he
'(^liiccii
:
"house
"
in
Mesopotamia,
liit
it
woman
conld ohtain
in
when she
identitied
all
descrilted as 'royal
daughter, royal
sister,
and
North.'
fair
whom
she
is
complexion and
llue vyc:^,
women
who
"may
It
is
moved
the Egyptologists of
the last generation to l)elieve and attempt to prove that queen Tiyi was a
foreigner.
Some
Struck, in fact,
lv
the
Amenothes
IV,
and by the
j)art
which
if it
in
came
into such
sudden favour.
Just as
they concluded that Atonou was a Semitic god, in consequence of the queen
In searching for proofs of
them clad
in a
shroud of
facts, or rather
"Bab el-Harim
""
the
tomb
ol'
a (jueen a
whose name
A^
is
|Qt]\\Jj Tiyi:
that
tirst.
"the
royal
sister,
and
South,"'
"of
tliis
century at Thebes.
It
I'etrie,
Bi;dge,
ord
edit.,
PL LXIII,
i.
"was
''
tlic toinl)
'
of
tlic ])viiirii)al
wife of Aiiiciio]iliis
TTT.
lady
repivsents
is
licr
with a
fair ooni])lexion
the colour of
"Syria.
Thi was
ga\'e hirth to
"daughter .Set-Anien.~
"
The
British
Museum
^
with the
name
of Ameiiophis
and of
Thi.
They formed,
The
identification
in
was a mistake,
Tiyi,
had nothing
I
connnon with
l)efore,
not
have said
and she
XXth
dynasty, as
is
The
])oints
exist, or
prove nothing.
Rosellini,
is
the
drawing by
to
and the
lilue
Iiy
CHisloire de
tliat
Art
to
are
restoration
is
seen
on the
monuments
justifies.
is
As
to the white,
I
oi'
skin of Taiti
coloured,
out
by
this
at
many
the
i)ainted tliemselves in
manner
to
would be wrong
to see a suggestion of
a cajtrice of fashion.
a
The
identification of Taiti
moment when
it,
been resorted
the
false
to
conclusions
drawn from
intelligent
once
it
worhl
of scholars
and
readers, could
to
this
it
attached
greater
is
they above
all
who have
The chief
;
"
but
of the international
in
I'l.
XIX, Xu.
22.
This
is
proved
liy
iN"o.
5899r<.
3 *
5
No. 25726, Fourtli Egyptian Hall, Xurlh Gallery, Case E. No. 2598, Fouith Egyptian Hall, Case E. Bezold-Budge, The Tell el-Amarna Tablets in the British Museum, pp. xix, xx.
it
iiaply
I'aiiiily
I'oi'
ivlatioiislii]).
Evcrytliiii!;'
a,
considered,
ol'
tlie
Jiyiiotlicsis
of
Syrian origin
collection
of badly interpreted
facts
and as
slie
lierself
was
tlie
making
loui^'a
and Toniyou
make
other than
Eqnally their
titles
connect them
names
as
resemble
Libyan
names
The
her
so fu'cpient in"Egyj)t.
racial
type of the
woman
it
is is
like
Tiyi
mother
notwitlistanding
lier
that,
she
possesses
some of
the
hrnniess
noticeable
in
father.
As
than
to
nothing
is
less
certain
is
as
in
tained
spring naturally and witliout mixing from the original type, whether they
result
less
foreign
unmixed
race, or to tlie
by
foreign elements.
The
jirohle of the
queen
a Syrian prisoner.
at
to
me
at
is
the inq)ression of
women
of
Assuan
we have new
evidence,
shall
consider that
tiiirly
advanced age
tlu'ir liodies
will not
l)e
sixty.
From the
seems
is
lacking to decide
AND TOUIYOU.
Sectional
Elevation.
319
iji
JSJ
:W
tv
XXV
rilE
01-
lOUIYA
AND TOUIYOU.
L\ the "Valley of the Kings," on the west side of the Nile at Thebes, there
is
lialf
is
a mile
lon^i;-,
leading
u\) to
the nionntain.
higli, in
At the mouth of
side of
valley there
III
the
which Ramses
tonili.
excavated his
undertook to clear
XII,
and explore
this valley,
tomb of Ramses
It residte(l
and continuing
my work
reached
tlie uioiiiitain.
in
the
On
l'.)U4,
I
resiuiied
my
to
which
was enal)led
J. E. (luibell,
of Monsieur
tlie
Masp)ero,
Director-General of the
Cairo jMuseum,
untlertook
my
workmen, pending
my
arrival
in the valley.
On my
selected
arrival
in
January, lUUo,
found that
])romise.
tlie
Consequently
abandoned
the
site,
to
tombs of Ramses
and
The
site
was most
iiuiiromising, lying as
for
Ramses tombs,
did not seem
many
1
years
theretbre
it
possible that a toml) could have existed in so narrow a s])ace without being
discovered.
certainly
As an original proposition
Egyptologist,
it,
and
no
would
But
knew
every yard of
valley,
except
its
the
exi)loration justitied
to
investigation,
if it
and that
it
would be a satisfaction
4
know
yielded nothing.
From
but on
till'
XXVI
the
-"itli
2-)t]i
of .Taiiuaiy,
190t"J,
until
of Feltniarv,
the work
])roniise.
My
daily visits
Gtli
my
the
arrival at the
work on the
February,
was greeted by
([uickly
Reis (C!ii)tain)
my made my
way
step,
to
sjjot,
From the Gth of February until the 11th my workmen were hard at but work removing the overhanging dchris which concealed the do(jr
;
lltli
and from that moment the opening was guarded day aud night by policemen and valley guards. At the close of the twelfth day the door was entirely
cleared
most satisfactory
sigiit
'It
was cut
and was
135
wide,
with a decorated
The doorway
about twelve
flat stones,
mud
!
plaster.
some
early
date,
the tonil)
Init
it
concluded to
appointed
(iuibell,
Arthur
had
flrst
to join
me
in
the
wide
and
high,
As soon
as
my
seuii-darkness,
saw what
without a ladder
to
the opening,
We
up the cane
jjassed
them
to me.
They proved
to be a
wooden
staff of ofiice,
and a
it
more
which made
seem, at
napi>ily,
dahabeah
as
reached mine,
wrote him a
at.
nott'
something worth
Professor Sayce,
looking
Shortly
he came,
Ibllowed
da}-,
by
but
me
to
PLATE
V.
m
pq
<
m
w H O o o Q
v^
w w
Eh
o w O
I
CQ
p:^
W K
o Q
o
en
o m w
O
fl,
^^^^;^..,]N\Vtv.SlTV
th('
aii<l
tonil)
next
it
to
the
Duke
of Coimaiiglit
party,
to arrive
Conse([nently,
Weigall joined
me
at tlie
tomb, and
;it
once
It
.st't
the
men
to
be examined for hieroglyphs and signs, and every basket of sand and dfhris
sifted
and examined
for
ol)j(,'Cts
de])Osit.
The
electric wire
had been
installed
at
but as the
services
introduction
electricians,
have
Ite
reipiired to
I
tlu'
of
safer
use
and, at
my
solid
invitation,
Mr. Weigall, each with a candle, started down the corridor, which ])roved
to be I'To metres wide
rock and
descending
.so
nor inscribed.
we found a
and on
it
dyed
l)lack, also
is
done
Passing on some
'.)
metres,
we came
wide, closed with stones set in Nile nnid plaster, with an o})ening at the top
of about the
fears of a
same
size as
robbery.
to
with
nuid
and
On
of the
reddish pottery bowl al)out twelve inches wide, showing the Hnger-marks
man who
wall.
it
on the
doorway
wooden
stick,
evidently used to
scrape the
mud
from
his
hands.
Having
we
investigated
down
the wall.
We
but our bare hands, we managed to take down the u])per layer of stones,
j\Iasi)ero
and
put
oui'
the
chamber, which enaljled us to get a glimpse of shining gold covering some kind of furniture, though we coidd not identify
it.
This stimulated us to
make
over
tlie
opening.
managed
to get
tlie
and
i'oiind myseli' in
tlie
sepulchral chamber.
With considerable
name
and
tomb, as to whicli we
We
light
we could
I
In a
moment
and
liis
or two,
however,
made out a
coffin,
known
as a funeral sled,
dead
i)er.son
munmiy
feet
and
long,
to
convey them to
tomb.
It
was about
and eight
made
it
of
\)nt
wood
on.
covei'cd
the
day
was
Around the
to
I
was
a strijie of
gold-foil,
On
calling
he inuDediately handed
me
his candle,
my
own.
held l)efore
In
my
liy
an instant he
" louiya."
tlie
Naturally
candles,
I
excited
l)y
the glare of
;
involuntarily advanced
coffin
wliereiipon
l)ack.
Monsieur
nioiiieiit
I
Maspero
Be careful
and jmlled
touched
my
hands
In a
whicli
we
realized
had
my
candles
the
l)itumen,
came
As the
of
tlie
toml) were
to
intiainmalile,
and
directly
opposite the
our
as the
was by the
stone
wall
which
would
lia\e
necessitated
climbing over
minutes.
As soon as we
we had
escaped,
out of the cliamber and, seating ourselves in the corridor, sent for workmen,
who
the
doorway.
Then the
wires with
l)ulbs attached,
.-second
entry
we held
with
over our heads, and we saw that t'very foot of the clianil)er was
objects brilliant with gold.
tilled
had
1)een
had evidently
dejjosited ui)on
From
tiR'
XIIX
liiiiin'
sIihmIs of iiminiiiv-clotli
wliicli
of
tlie
vase.
otl'
Evidently
the
robber,
the cloth.
;
Three thousand
both of us were
tlionght to
l)e
disai)pointed, for
contained
onl\' a
li(|uid
whicli
was
first
mnnnnies of
each
loniya
and
Touiyon were
in
lying
coffins
in
;
their
coffins.
Originally
nnnnniy
was enclosed
three
the
inner
one
Evidently the
off their lids,
rol)l)er
coffins out
mummy-cloth
At
least
in
cloth with his nails, seeking only the gold oi-naments or jewels.
tlie
manner
we found
both
coffins,
nnnnmy-cloth
Among
numerous valuable
and beauty.
large
and varions
his
coffin,
olijects of interest
In
lifting the
we found a necklace of
off the munnny-clotli,
beads
made
of gold
and of
la})is lazuli,
when scratching
causing
palm of
a man's hand, which had lieen inserted by the end)almer to conceal the he
had made
saw the
in
extracting
the
dead
man's heart
for
special
nunnmification.
When
care.
first
mummy
of Touiyon
slie
was lying
in
her
coffin,
covered from her chin to her feet with very fine mummy-cloth arranged
witli
Why
this
state,
but
am
disposed to
was impressed by the dignity of the dead woman wliose body he had desecrated. I had occasion to sit by her in the tomb for nearly
think that the
rol)l)er
an
liour,
else
to
do or
see,
me
it
my
presence.
all
From
al)le to
it
seems reason-
made
of
some
of
its
location.
Evidently the
robber had tunnelled through the overlying debris which concealed the door
of the toinl)
otlicrwise
lie
to
remove a mass of
also
rock and
soil wliieli
have
passer-by.
oil'
doorway barred by a
through
;
wall,
he took
enouiih of
to enable
him
to crawl
last
doorway, he found a
same manner.
for wlien
He seems
to
have
all,
he was in the
l)urial
wooUen
gold
foil,
which
them
on the
found them.
When
and
t\e robber got out of the tomb, he carefully concealed the doorway
and
debris,
and did
it
so effectively, that
later.
it
was
sad to
that thousands
of kindred
objects,
prol)al)ly
more
Ijeautiful
and
tombs which
in past years
tlie
face
letter of
my
to
Monsieur ^laspero,
confess that
it
me
a share.
I
was
a most attractive
offer, l)ut,
on consideration,
I
felt
the
number
of ajjpreciative visitors.
THEODORE
M. DAVIS.
THE
The
iiiiiiiniiy
of louiya
was
euclo.scd
in
nested one
rectangnlar wooden
mounted on a sledge
The
.sledge
with pitch and decoratrd witli figures and hieroglypluc legends in stuccogilt.
In
sliajjc
is is
rectangular with
projecting
flat
curved
l)eani
cornice around
top
its
lid
lias
rounded on
eitlier
side of a
running down
are mortice-
tlie axis,
and
The joints
the
sletlge.
tlie
Down
central
beam
of the lid
is
band of
gold-foil with
a.
hieroglyphic
On
vertical lines of
:
inscription
inscriptions
these
West
for
the deceased
and and
titles.
Between these
l)ox, is
a jjrocession of gods
Thoth, Aniset,
Ilapj^,
At the
toj)
it.
end of the
On
TfiE
SARCOPHAGUS OF lOUlYA.
On
Oil
tlu'
are,
iu
low
relief,
hgiires of
Annbis seated
tlie
it is
a band of gold
hierogh'phic
On
and Xephthys
above
gold-foil)
standing on
?/?//v-yigns
and
reciting
tlie
jirotection
the
inscriptions
them.
On
tlie
tignre of Isis
"^:r::^t
On
""^^ "^^^
THE
SAI!('()l'llA(jr,S
OF lOUIYA.
tlic
On
the
riglit
:
side of
tlic
hox
is
;i
hciiolit
of the
ka of louiya
On
tlie
left
tlie
side of
tlie
:
liox
is
jirayer to Osiris
Khent-Anienti for
tlie
benefit of
ka of h)uiya
Thp:
outer
coffin
is
mninniifoini
in
slia])e,
and,
like
tlic
.savcoi)hagus,
is
covered with pitch and onuuuented with inscriptions and designs in stuccogilt.
Tlie
face
the
wig
gold.
is
k)ng and
the
hair
is
represented
are iidaid
:
l)y strijies
tlie
of akernate l)lack
la.shes
and
of
of white marble.
Around
tlie
neck and
u}ii)er
chest
broad
is
bracelets.
Upon
the
abdomen
and holding
is
the Q-rings in
its
talons.
Down
nuunmy
case
a vertical
])rayer
to
Nut
On
band of
representing the
louiya.
mununy
straps
and
inscril)ed
with the
titles
and name of
Between these
vertical
l)Ox is a in'ocession of
on the
left
riiiht
side
I)eiiitr
^lestlia,
Anubis,
Duamutef and
and Nut.
:
while
on
the
:
side are
IIai)y,
Anubis,
Qebhsenul',
The
inscri])tions read
On
the right
On
tli<'
left
louiya.
At
tlic
tlic riiilit-liaiid
side
is
tlic d()ul)l('
eves
al)OV('
it,
of inserii)ti()n stating
tliat
made
Iy
favour of
tlie
king for
louiva
(')
^tV\
=.]!.
^-')
W'-Ml^
tlie
lid
of the coffin
is
is
hand
On
a figure
of Ne])hth}'s kneeling
upon a
^((//'-sign,
and on
kneeling upon a
iui/>-s\'j:n.
give incantations
and read
w
(3>
o.hc.f.t:
,^H^-^Io^^kMDl7,l^i:^4
:
(In
till-
j^ 1"%- J s^^^"!^!!
HITn J\
U)
On thelotUidcofth.lmly:
llT^HS^^o^J^fljIl^-n^^l)^^
SECOND COFFIN OF
lOTTIYA.
The
800011(1
ooffiii,
wjiioli
is
iiimiiiiiifonn
in
slmpo,
inlaid
is
riolily
is
with
glass
of
vai'ious
The wig
gold.
is
and
The face
glass
The necklace
or
its
heads, and
it
is
flowers in dark blue glass and live bands of dark blue, light bhie, and red
glass.
in the right
hand
is
amulet
in tlie leit a
1).
On
is
talons Q-seals of
is
al)ove
it
'^
the goddess
Nut
Around the
coffin
mummy-straps
down each
and
sc'ten
and four
at equal spaces
The
line
may
for the
ka of
Ioui3'a
{Til iiii^.^rii
On
the
left
name and
titles
of Touiya
and the
The
liiiiids riiiiiiiim-
tlie
gods of
of louiya.
III
'
<=-n
ci
o^yio
11/77
On
led
liy
the
riglit side
of
tlie coffin,
on the box,
is
tiguved a
procession of gods
tignre.
Thotli, with
between each
Before
Thoth
are
two
')
f 71 ^
K -To J J S k J J ^
Then follow
in order,
^lestha
MO
i-^A/VSAA
/VA/yv^
Anubis
?^^
()
i^
(j
^i 5
^
ra
A -^i]
I'
^ jj ^
1]
ff
(^)
-1J1J
:
loiiiva.
Duanint-ef
(0
X^i
louiva
Q"^ t
i^
(3)
.<s>-
"^
c=J
8
Oil
side of
tlic
coffin,
on
tlic Iiox, is
gods led
four
l)y Tliotli.
;ind
Ix'fore
him
arc
tlic
sacred ej'cs on a
^'^
and
.ff
vertical
lines
of hieroglyphs:
(0
^ ^ ^^M^
^'k^
!j
Then follow
in order, Hajiy,
1-:
<-)iY*^=M!l:l^ktj1 <">f^f-inj^^\
fl
^
e
? nn ';z^Q?.Q.<i A 4i
(3)
^K^Q v\
^2_
.m ^:3:^ '^z:^
<=> gy^^
'
-^^i:^ -^^^i:^
=^V
y^
/V\AAAA
Kebhsennef: (0
^ HI IIK-^-- J2 I^^O
.III
<-^
1^^^^^:=^
n l.=^^^f
lid
same
as those
oi'
the
outer
cofhn
with
only
unimjiortant
On
tlie lid at
the feet
is
a-
arms
nju-aised
and kneeling
upon a nub-aigu.
amulets
(Chapters
each
inscribed
chapter from
the
Book of
the
Dead
CLY and
CLVI).
INNER (lOFFIN OF
lOTTIYA.
coltiii
is
niunniiiform in
richly inlaid
it
is
and
;
The
Avig is
long
obsidian.
:
The necklace
form
or pectoral
its
hawk-heads, and
of i)oppy
and
glass.
Below
is
it,
of the
abdomen and
relief,
the shins,
garment covered
Avith
bead work.
broad
wig secured
bracelets
l)y
fillet
necklace,
well as
and anklets.
a nub-sign.
vertical colunnis of hieroglyjjhs
On
seten
Xut are
may
ka of
It)uiya.
tliat
On
the
left
she
may
On
end,
tlie
same
inscri}tions as are
found on
between.
At the
louiya
is
ujion a i-sign.
:
doulitful
to
whether
this case
was
originally
sides,
made
for
another
name seems
it.
and that of
10
lUllYA.
lOUIYA.
Mask
inside
liis
nnniiinv.
witli
It
is
made
of
and coated
is
plaster.
Tlie
is
gilt.
The wig
long, lined,
and with
The face
is
tinely modelled.
The
eyes, eyeln'ows
and
and
l)lue glass.
bands of orna-
incised, witli a
tlie
row of
The chin
side of
[tiece
and
this
covered
witli
stucco and
At the top
is
a.
wings
oiits])read,
and on
either side of
vertically
down
'ii"^
the chest
'^''^
name
which
''''"^1,^
']
^ 'j^,^
and
speech
re])eated also on
the sarcophagus
tlie
cothns.
:
The four
the right,
left
band name
On
"^,
while on the
named Mestha,
and Oeb.
11
Canopic
jai'-l)ox
ill
pitch
and
is
decorated
witli ligiires
stiieco-gilt.
to]i
:
The
is
l)Ox
S(piare, witli a
tlie lid
of the
1^
fl
and
is
decorated
down
hands of inscriptions
give the
sp,.cc]i
in
stucco-gilt
on a
lilack ground.
inscriptions
of
to
tlie
tlu'
Jiis
H^]
2 ^^
is
fl^^
fl
^.^
'
wings
top
a gilt
louiya.
figures
of
Isis
and
on a black ground,
I)lue, red,
dado
I)elow representing a
is
and green.
in
horizontal
sides
low
line
and at the
are
vertical
bands with
inscriptions.
The
at
tlie
of Gel)
Isis
and Xephthys
At the top
in the centre
is
gilt
louiya.
At the
in
stucco-gilt with
the
same dado
as
tlie
front.
an inscription reading:
12
Oil the
and Ra
TJie left
side of
facin,a-
tlie
box
is
Ivliehsenuef
one another
the
:
low
relief in stncco-gilt
dado below as on
hieroglyphs reading
front.
Along the
top
is
a horizontal band
while at
tlie
and Amibis
On
the end of
tlie l)Ox
and Selk
in
low relief
in stucco-gilt,
of them.
These
',0()K
OF THE DEAD.
13
sheets),
cliapters
of
tlic
IJoolv
of
for
tlie
Dead, i)urporting to
louiya.
The beginning
perfect.
))adly
The writing
in
is
:
red ink
beautifully
The following
is
list
of the vignettes
in
the
document.
Sheet
is
1.
louiya,
loniya
and wearing
is
vest, loin
a,
cloth
and long
On
his
(il>
his
head
is
a white wig
on
his
chin
Around
neck
or "heart"
amulet as pendant.
On
his
closely
round
On her head
is
and
bracelets.
a large
Before
a mat with
it
;
oli'erings of joints,
ducks,
l)r('ad,
grapes,
and vegetables
wine jars
u})on
and
at
tlie
side
of the
mat
three
sealed-u})
14
Above the
ol'
oii'erings
:
is
mutilated
the scene
"(1)
Givinti-
" by
tlie
Two
Ood lou
(-f)i\-a,
justified."
In
front
of the
offerings
and
neck
figures
is
Osiris seated
ujion a
throne
and
dais.
side
and
a long
false l)eard.
Around
his
is
lniad
in
He
is
clad
[-sceittre
and
.scourge.
Above him
his
naming
Osiris
and giving
Sheets
2-5.
Chapters
Isis
and Xel)hat
in a
0,
7.
Chajjter
XVIII.
,,
LXXXIII, with
tlie h<')ni>i-])'m\
as vignette.
LXXXIV, with the sheiiti-]nv(\ as vignette. LXXXV, with the /w-bird as vignette.
LXXVII, with the gold hawk
as vignette.
Sheet
Chapter
,,
LXXXVI,
sceptre.
Ptah,
holding an
ik/s-
Chapter
,,
vignette
of louiya
tree.
kneeling
and
9, 10.
J^aI\
Sheets
Chapter
CXLI.
CXC.
15
16
in
two separate
coffins nested
one
otlier,
and placed
in
large rectangnlar
wooden sarcopliagns
mounted on a
with
gilt.
sledge.
figures
is
and
hieroglyi)hic legends in
lid
stucco-
shape
sarcojihagus
to])
rectangular, with a
in tlie
form of a
of the
shape jgj
Like
tlie
and tenon-i)inned.
Down
the lid are three vertical columns of hieroglyj^hs, one in the centre
eitlu'r side,
and two on
.1,.., .,,.:
lll=^--l:^f^M7ei^rlLl^,
(3)
tlu' Irfl
M,
]-)
11
=^=^||?5] =Al-J--~(l=pll
K
n
-^
(VvVi^W
Tffff t
^
I I I
ml'
r^
'
Till';
SAl!('()IMIA(;i'S
OF TOTUYOr.
vertical coliiiiiiis
(if
17
Al the
((!
cud of
(lie
liil,
hctwccii
Aniiliis
tli(>
liicroiihjilis, ai'c
the
saci'i'il
eyes ami
lii^iircs (if
'nr
-::l
^ -iT
^^^5
-A'vwv
rv^j'/^
<^;^^:^
n H
c,^
71
At the lower
eiul are
two
inscrijitions, readiiip,"
tlie
and a
tiiiiire
anus
uiiraised,
standing upon a
The
inscri})tions
read
vertical
l)an(ls
and
rtgnre
The
inscriptions read
On
read
tlie
inscriptions,
:
and
the West.
The
insci'ii)tions
18
O
(3)
III
/I
'
O
v\n
o<?,?.^
"
I
\^
]~|(j"-
y\ AV^W^
4^
D ni^
fonr
i""^
I
'^^^
of the
On
of inscrii)tions,
inscri})tions read
and
:
procession
of
gods
West.
The
^AA/NAA
/'Ai'VsAA
n
n
Q
_zr ^..^ws
1
ii
';=^
/W,Ayv%
'cn
^WJ^AA
Illci<i(l9.
(3)
111].
The
.a^i)
^(JA^^fJ
sarcophagus
Isis
is
<2:=^o
CI
interior of the
is
decorated
^vit]l
On one end
The
texts
a tignre of
end
Chapter
19
The outtT
L'ottiii,
consistiii_L;'
of lid
is
and
liox, is
made
sliape,
of
It
iniunmifonn in
hair ivpix'scntcd
hv liands of incised
lines.
The
of the face
inlaid
;
The
eyes, eyelashes,
the eyes are of white niarl)le and obsidian, the eyelashes and eyebrows of
oi)aciiie violet glass.
is
cliest is a })ectoral
from
this
pectoral the liands, which are closed, })rotrnde, the right wrist
tlie left,
being crossed on
is
a broad bracelet.
The
"
and
ietals inlaid
in coloured glasses,
at the ends.
U})on
tlie
alulomen
is
a figure of the
Down
=
of the
abdomen
ghming:
(1)
M ^^^-^-1:^1
sides of the lid
^ fl^4-lI?: = ^^^ISI
justifiefl."'
" Si)eech of the lioyal ]\Iother of the Great Royal Wife, the lloyal Ornament,
Around the
so-called
mummy-
same fornndae
Upon
tlie
tlie
On the soles of the feet is a with upraised arms, kneeling upon a niih-slgu, with a vertical
on either side of
her,
line of inscrii)tion
reading
sic
20
INNEl!
COFFIN OF TOUIYOU.
The inner
coffin
consists of a
It
is
lid
and
box carved
the wig
in
is
with stucco-gilt.
niuniniifonu in
sliajK',
the
and the
eyes,
eyebrows and
same
jietals
materials.
broad
necklace
is
inlaid in
circle
l)elow,
is
f/erf-sign
.s-sign
on
the other
this pectoral
Upon
the al)(lomen
is
Down
is
a ^ertical
of hieroglyphics,
beginning:
]l
f]""-1^^4^TC^=^^^5
Amen, Touiyou,"
niunnnyIn
to
Xut
Around
and
coffins of louiya.
vertical lines
between these
strajjs
are given
in
chajiters of the
On
is
given to
and on the
is
left side.
XXX.
in
not
ke])t
back from
him
fii'st
part
of
Pu."
21
is
thv
(ij;-ure
with arms
u])r;use(i,
and
kiicclinii-
upon
///>-si;;ii.
On
'"iii-n^f'k
Beneath the
feet
is
i^r^-rj
upon a
:
liiinre
<"
iy}-i:zif4i
'-'
]sTi'~s=^q
Mask made
Avith
fillet
tlie
tlic
Tliis
mask
is
and
The inside
is
gilt.
The wig
long, lined,
and
it is
composed of a band of
forehead.
The face
is
and
mask
material.
consists
The pectoral
of six
is
it
beads.
by
gum-aral)ic) a black veil of very fine texture, which has been broken
in jilaces.
away
Fixed over
tlie
by string
beliiml.
gilt.
At the top
her are
tlie
is
figure of
H
outsjjread,
and on either
side of
amulets
and
titles
fi-
vertically
down
the chest
is
gives the
name and
of Touiyou, witli
coffins.
rei)eated also
On
inscri})tions
naming
and
and Xephthys.
Outside these, again, are two bands of inscriptions giving the same speeches
of Xut Avhich are found on the sarcophagus.
23
inouiit('(l
on a
slcdii-c,
|iitcli
and
is
hierogl_y})liic
legends
stncco-gilt.
;
Tlie
lid
is
box
a projecting carved
tlie
of the
decoratcfl witli
bands of inscription
on a black ground.
of the
The
front
in
box
is
decorate(l
Avitli
standing figures of
Isis
and
Nephthys
low
relief, in stucco-gilt,
and
sides,
and a
i)anelled
dado
in stucco-gilt below.
The inscriptions
at the top the
at tlie
name and
of Touiyou.
At the
to]),
in
the centre,
is
gilt
title
=-
and name of
Touiyou.
On
the right side of the box are standing figures of Mestha and Ilapy
The inscriptions
and
in
is
ij
ill
24
On
tliL'
l(_'ft
side
ol'
tlii'
hox
aiv
oiu'
staiiiliiig
liiiurcs
M'itli
of
JJiiaiiiiitcf
ol'
and
Khebsciiiicl'
in
stncco-gilt,
facinti;
anotJicr,
hands
in.scrii)tions
and
at
tli_'
On
Neith,
tlie
figures of Xeitli
anotlier,
hands
speeches
and Selk
Enclosed
in tlie
('anoi)ic
human
Leads.
up
in
linen bands,
is
and pressed
mummy,
canvas
in
The vase containing the stomach was under the protection of Mestlia, and
bears four vertical lines of incist'd hieroglyphs, reading
:
25
That contaiuing the intestines was watclied over by Ilapy, and the lines
upon
it
read
The hmgs were under the protection of Tiuaniautei" and the jar containing
inscriptions
liver
was
the
reads
AND TOUIYOU.
Eighteen funerary
the
st;itiiette.s
in
tlic
name
of louiyu
and carving.
Of those l)earing
name
jjlated
gold,
with
silver,
having gold-plated
hands and
those
in-
scribed
with the
name
is
one
is
of
pine, eight
wood
co]>})er
down on
The
either side.
cut in the
short,
and
i)ainted black.
and
i)U])ils
and black
The pectoral
is
formed
suspended an ab or heart
amulet.
^ -baton,
is
and
None
and basket
of co]i|)er baskets,
This
implements.^
The
inscription
text,
is
the
usual
Shawabti
which forms the Sixth Chai)ter of the Book of the Dead, with
The text gives some unimportant variants in the spelling of Avords. instructions whereby the statuette may be made to do the work for a person
1
A
:
Dynasty found
at Drali abu'l
Negga
runs
" If
thou art called to do any work in the Underworld of a person according to his duties
make
bricks, to
l>7
spelt variously
(liU'crciir
titles
"|^, ^l\^^
or
more
of
fully
l^]^^
"Divine Father"
\l\l\
I.or.l
the
Two
Lands," and
and
Good God."
The
name
are
of Touiyon
"
is
spelt
^_vm'
IfP^JIJ'
and
F'^^'"i'^'<l
'^
the
,
^|
"Royal
(Drnament,"'
^^
)~Zl\^^^^
Haram
of
Amen."
for
wooden boxes
the
in
were
tliscovered.
lid,
ujiright i)anels
narrow white
lines
One
hetep
of
them bears a
vertical
inscrii)tion
down
De
seteii,
formula
"to
Osiris,
Within
the
West, that he
of the
may
jaesent
all
tliat
which
the ka
is
" on
its
lid
the
inscrijition
f]^
^^ ^^^
fjtj
" Devoted
towards
Osiris
Yau,
lid
justified."
inscrilted l)Oxes
"The Divine
8.
28
III
AND QUEEN
TIIYI
ALABASTER VASE P.EARIXG THE NAMES OF AMENOPIIIS III AND QUEEN TIIYI.
Large vase
neck
is
in
and
cover.
The
long, cnrves
projecting rim.
sliglitlj
and
The
lielly
of the vase
is
is spherical,
and
rests
on a narrow circnlar
On
The
the neck
and nomen
Tliyi.
name and
^-ase is
titles
is
of
Queen
carved
of exceptionally
line (iiialitv.
29
MAtiK'AL FIGURE
OF lOUIYA.
With the
fiiiicrirv
statuettes
was fomul a
single
figure,
its
inunnnifonn
front
in
two
Aertical
cohmnis of incised
text of the
CLI
f.)
^lagical Figure of
d.).
(Cli.
Chi.
The
l)ases
and Newberry,
17ie
30
ALABASTER VASE.
ALABASTER VASE.
and
;
liandlc.
tlie
;
Tlie
is
neck
is
))y
handle
the foot
Ix'lly
is
The
alal)aster
it.
is
stained as with
some
was no
doul)t
contained in
tied
])iece
by a strand
string seenred
ALABASTER VASE.
31
ALABASTER VASE.
Vase in
alal)at;ter,
with
foot, .splierical
Tliu
neck
is
and terminates
where
is
The
handle
is
connected at the top of the neck below the rim, and bends downthe
belly,
it
wards
towards
terminates
in
two
i)a})yrus
flowers,
delicately cut.
The belly
spherical, resembling a
foot,
mace-head
in shape,
and
rests
on a narrow projecting
away.
The alabaster
is
of fine quality
and very
delicately carved.
On
the upper
part of the handle are the remains of a piece of linen used for securing the
vase's contents.
32
DUMINIY VASES.
DUMMY
VASES.
Besides the vases in alabaster, there were found in the tomb of louiya and
dummy "
vases in
wood and
terra-cotta, painted to
and red
breccia.
The shapes of these dunnny vases are various, ranging from the \Aiun
cylindrical vase with projecting rim, to the long-necked vase with spherical
Four coloured
Avith
to imitate alabaster;
lines,
yellow wave
with baud of
lotus petals
Two
coloured to
;
blue-green
glass
with
yellow
lines
wave
lines
and
rosettes
])ainted
Of
this
of the
Ijelly.
Of
them painted
painted a
to represent black
and white
diorite, or
lotus petals.
AMULETS.
33
AMULETS.
Amber Scarab
liii'rodyi)lis,
in.scrilx'd
with
tlic
iiuiiiical
text
in
live
tlic
lioiizoiital
lines
of
is
and
Ijcaiinu'
name
of Toniyon.
:
On
base at
tlic
top
incised
tlie liievogiyi)liic
^=, and
'
'
L J
fl
y\
-Hxy^ <z
ij>
^"-Ji
000000
^^^Tmt'ii!?M(5^
Scarab-amulet
modelled.
It
<E>-
<0 000
in
lajtis
laznli
it
and exqnisitely
is
cemented
text
l)y
The
1>ase
is
inscribed
with
the
of the
The
.says,"
hrst
line gives
name
of Toniyon s=e(|
" /ff says
v>J^|
heart."
i)erson
"Toniyou she
liegins -^"^"^(l
My
^^
and the
alteration
of the third
from feminine
for a
to
mascnline,
was
originally
made
Scarab-amulet
('lia}tter
green
l)eryl,
tlie
It
l)ears
the
name
of
Toniyou.
i>('r/-AMULET of wood, stuccoed
titles
and
gilt,
and
in.scril)e(l
with the
name and
Dead
34
AMULETS.
D/-A.\ii'LET
ill
bliK'
faiL'Uce,
with iianww
liautls
oi'
gokl-lbil at
tlie
top,
centre,
and
bottoni.
S(i-AyiiLA' of
i\'(l
jasjicr, inscribed
Ba-Buw
Toniyou.
in
iiiscril)ed
ii}ion
name
of
a recumbent
Anul:)is,
and
plate
made
of
Kohl-tube
names and
Tlii'"
titles
of Anieiioi)his III
is
^ To ^ ^^^ Cl S iQ A f
1
Kohl-tube
pith
;
litted
is
with
i)ai)yrns
it
slightly
mouth of the
tube.
TITE (inAHIOT.
35
THE CHARIOT.
hiit
wo may presume
:
that
it iM'lonti'ed
to louiya.
in
tlie
tlie
and
are intact,
from the sides of the "l)ody" has been found, and couhl
phice.
It
is
jiut
back in
funei-al
doul)tful
whether
it
excejit
lor
the
The body,
open
at
!()
cm.
in
stand on.
The Hoor
is
i'ectani;ular holes,
])iece
through
'
hi.slied,
consists of a
holes, the
tlii'ough
leatlier
is
mesh-work
is
lashed,
fastened.
bent rod or
rail
above,
is
The body
to
supported
l)y
jiole
its
front
is
la.shed
the pole
which
in
is
body
to
\m\v
is
fastened.
The back
sujiported by the
axletree,
which
it
is
is
bound
at
the
between.
The axletree
made out
in
of a solid
inches thick.
wooden
ke])t
in
and by the thickness of the axletree on the The rim of the wheel is formed of two pieces of bent wood lashed inside. The tyre of the wheel is together, the lashings I)eing covered by stucco-gilt.
place by lynch pins outside
made
below.
of
strii)S
and stained
06
THE CHARIOT.
The
jiolc
is
;il)()iit
'1
metres
\\\
loiiii',
iiiul
(i
cm. from
tlie
end
is
Iiole.
is
to
wliieli tlie
oi'
yoke was
])iinie(l
wooden
jk'i:'
and
laslied.
The yoke
made
The
jiole
is
where
it
It
is
is
lashed to the
])eing
covered with
stiicct)-gilt.
The
front, sides,
tilled
in,
boi'der, fixed
by eopiier pins,
in
gilt
with
decoration
low
ivlief in
in
leathei-work.
This
decoration
consisted,
life,"
the
with a row
side,
and bands of
coil iiatterns
on either
and
with
])anels at
made
out of conventionalised
is
lotus flowers.
i)lain
At the
l)ack,
on the left-hand
tilled
in
a panel of rosettes
life
'"
framed by a
left-hand side.
on the
'^immn
LIURARY
(iiLT STUCCO
37
The
largest
and most
clalwratc
of
tlic
l)_v
tlirce
cliairs
licai's
the
iiaiiic
of a
(^iccii
Tiyi,
ami
cous('(|U(Mitlv
The chair
from
is
made
.32
of wood,
77 cm.
higii
the seat
is
34 cm.
ground,
common wood
jjins.
veneered with
rarer one,
is
tlie
veneer
is
pinned down
witli
small wooden
The
legs
tit
blocks of walnut.
The back
and
is
is
high, curved to
at
towards
vertically
the
top
sup})orte(l
the back
seat.
three
ui)rights
rising
l^uilt
of
a,
upwards
of
to
to the
gilt,
of the frame
is
:
a
it
moulding
is
wood
it
arm
})egge(l
and carried
in I'ront in linely
carved gilded
is
l)iists,
wliicli
The
seat
the framework
and
tied Ix'iieath.
supported on four
feet of
legs,
hind legs of a
with
silver-foil.
lion, the
which
rest
bars rounded,
to the
3rt
The
(Icroriitioii (se'c
tiy-.
1) is iiiodcllcd in iivsso
;iiiil
liilt.
On
"
the hack
"
it
nraci
Edfn
on cither
Below
this
is
rcctaniiidar jtancl
.^_,_*, sliowing
Sat-anicn seated
receivinLi'
an
oil'ering
of a gold necklace
:
The
inscri})tion
"The
The
eldest
whom
above the slave explains the scene " ollering gold of the lands of the Sonth."
wdiole
is
framed at the
toj)
and on
either side
by a band of rectangles
inii^hiiiii_
mill
II
-"II
'
-"^^y-
.r^'" 'I,
.TTt T'jrr^ -N
u
Fig.
1.
H.C.
Decoration ox
b.\ck of
The Princess
reaching to
tln'
is
clad
in
close-fitting
vest
and
ankles.
tillet
.-<et'iire(l
round the
to]>
is
of the
head by a narrow
a small
Upon
the
to]t
of the head
crown, consi.sting of
which
l!a})s,
buds between.
From
this
crown hang
tlie
hea<l,
is
and around
])etals.
lier
neck
wri.'^ts
On the
an- bracelets,
and
in
her right
is
left
iiiciidt.
ciiAii;
OF nnxcESri sat-amen.
its
39
seated on
])atterii
;
li;is
;i
liii;ii
hack, and
anus ave
the lashiou
sliowii
ol'
is
covered
witli
scale
its
leus
art.'
modelled
lari^c
;ilter
The
chair
is j)lace(l
on a
Princess's feet.
is
clad
in
close-fitting
vest
and
long skirt
tillet
over
forehead witli
how
;
tie(l
and on
is
thi'
toj)
of
it
di.sc.
a
in
Itroad necklace
and
Fig
2.
The scene
four
is
continued
in
bearing
ofi'erings
of gold
rings.
These
garments, and wear discs on their heads consisting of three lotus flowers
or of three rosettes.
t)n
gilt.
t)n the
one
Bes.
(fig.
The
first
figure
in
shoil
.skirt
dancing
hand.
a jig.
to the strains of a
tamliourine, which he
The second
figure depicts
40
scenes
ol'
JJt's
iiiul
TliiR'iis
(tliL'
lattiT,
it
.slioiild
Ik'
ivuuirkc'd,
i.s
of
liis
tanil:)Ourine is a
to us
tlie
figures
and ring
and
bezels found in
ruins of
at Thebes,
in the
town of Akhenaten
is
at Tell el
Amarna.
The attitude
of Tpjjer
But,
and
know
Egyjjtian
foreign
origin.
unfortunately,
we know
Mediterranean at
said
this date
1400)
tlie
to allow of
on the
subject.
Already in
time of Thoutmosis
several
new
no
d()ul)t
to tlie trade
relations that
H.C.
Fl.l,
3.
RiailT-H.VND I'ANEL
(IF
ARM OF
C'U.MR OF SaT-AMEN.
had sprung
uj)
between
period
arts
is
the
peoples
artisans
of Western
Asia
to
and Egypt.
the
Nile
At
a slightly later
foreign
were brought
^'alley
of glass-making
otlierwiso
and
in
ta[)estry-weaviiig,
art.
:
and the
The
liou-lieaded
Tliueris
unknowu
Egyptian
Professor ]5osaiii|net
lias
kindly supplied
me
of a lion-headed goddess on a piece of furniture made in Eyvjit in the Anienophis III supplies a fresh conlirmation of the view that the lion-heaileil demons (jf Myeenu'an art were ultimately derived from Egypt. Dr. Winter connected them
"The appearance
of
reign
with
the
Egyptian
name, that
hiiipopotauuis-goddess,
of
lUrit, the
Thneris.'
Dr. Arthur
different
tlie
constellation
known
the
to us as 'Charles' AVain.'
Princess
Sat-amen
shows
'
transition
from the
hippopotamus-head
the
already
Jownal of
lleUenic Studies,
XXI
(1891), p. 169.
CilAIi;
OK
PI!
41
extraordiuarv
jiroficiciicy wliicli
ri'siilt
tlicv
must
wliat
for
have been
civilisation
tJic
of gi'iicnitious of work
and cxiKTicuco.
not
as
To
tlicso
it
Ibrcitrii
workmen
frnitless
l)elonge(l
we do
yot
know
certain,
and
is
i)erha])s
in
to
conjectnre
in
until
<'\|ilorations
have
been made on
JMediterranean.
accoinplislipil (ui
iiuitatidiis of tlie
sites
the
Delta
and
oth<'r
Ku'vptiaii
sciil.
The
(a)
pair of
demons
in
lioldiiip;
ewers, repeated
in
handle of a lironze
vessel
fonnd
York Museum.''
Of
all
the
Mycenaean oxaniplea these come nearest to the Egyptian figure on the chair they wear on shoidders and back a continuation of the lion's mane, forming a back -covering somewhat broadei' and longer than that of the P^gyptian figure, but 'there is no sign otherwise, as Mr. Myres was the first to remark, exceedingly like it.
(I!)
of feminine breasts. Three figures with apparently asinine heads, bearing on their shoulders a jiole, jiainted on a fragment of wall-plaster found at Mycenpe.* Their tongues loll (JUt, and give the
same
of the lion-headed
demons on
it
They wear the same shaggy back-covering, but in tliis case confined about the waist by a belt, and was certauily understoml by the jiainter
the bronze
is
as a
detachable garment.
(c)
series of glass
jilaipies
of
lionpillar,
The back-covering
is
always belted.
at
pairs,
on engraved gems.
On
gem found
Vaphio
they stand face to face holding eweis, about to water a ]ialm-tree growing in a pot at
two cases a single ewer-bearer is re]iresented.'' from Mycena' a similar demon, without the ewer, stands bet\veen
;
in
On
tw(j
a lentoid
gem
supporting
lions,^
ewer-bearing demons act as supporters at either side of a stones show the demon carrying slaughtered animals on a
bull.'
pole, or lifting
In most cases the belt as well as the The latest additi(jn to the series is a Crete, on which tlie lion-headed demon is
The adoption
no douljt due
i.if
this
Egyptian type and its diffusion through the Minoau world was it gave concrete expression to a lielief in composite
in
/'/laidcia
and
C'//irus, II,
XIV
(1894), p. 104.
Ephenieris Arc/nto/of/ii-e (1887), PL X. Cunipiui- Juunud <;/ Jlellcnic Studits, XIV, pp. 81 ami lUi, where Mr. A. B. Cook argues that the objei^t wliieh they carry is a rope, not a pole, because it is coveieil with diagonal markings but comparison with other Mycena-an paintings does not confirm this view. The diagonal lines were added to distinguish the pole from the background. ' Published by Dr. A. J. Evans, Journal of Hellenic Studies, XXI, p. 117. Journal of Hellenic Studies, XIV (1894), p. 84, fig. 4 and p. 106, figs. 6, 7, 8.
*
; ;
' '
'
Journal of Hellenic Studies, XXI (1901), p. 168. Journal of Hellenic Studies, XIV, p. 120, fig. 14. Journal of Hellenic Studies, XIV, p. 84, figs. 2 and
3.
p. 302.
10
42
CHAIR
P.EAPJXfi
TIYI
scene
is
iijioii
tlie
l)ack
showing Uueen
chihh and as
Tiyi
Its
and two
has l)een
liy
one
it
of wlioni
liave
Sat-anien
in a i)a]\yrus cunoe.
tlie
dimensions
prove
tliat
must
been made
atiain
for a
it
,iiold
it
nibbed
tlie
off
and patclied
in
places,
is ])rol)able tliat
was used
The
seat
string,
which had no
doulit
been
The chair
is
made
is
of a coarse-grained
i)ai'ts
beinsi;
fixed together
the
excej)tion
is
and
gilt.
The
l)ack
high, curved to
lit
the top,
and
is
anus are
Iiiiilt
of a I'raiue of solid
])ieces
Upon
the
to})
of the
frame
moulding of wood
gilt,
tlie
projecting slightly
down
to
outside corner of
in the
composed of
Tlie
a rectangular board,
painted yellow.
at
sliort
intervals
by small
holes through which, no doubt, string was threaded to form a })laited string
seat.
It is
su])]M)rted
on four
legs,
legs of a
lion,
Between
and attached
to
CIl All!
I'.KAKINC TllK
NAMKS
is
;i
<)!'
QL'KKX TlVl
sii])]K)r[
AND
I'IMNCESS SAT-AMEN.
43
curved
is
to tlic
scat.
(iLciii..
of the
jf3o imu.,
and the
dejtth
Tlie
seat
is
''>')
cm.
is
decoration
of the cliair
fm. 4)
a
it
niodelle(l
in
stucco-gilt.
On
the outer
face of tile
hack (see
consists of a scene
niai'sli.
represeiitiii,!:;'
Queen
Tiyi
pajiyrus l)oat in a
pattern on either
.She
side.
(pieen
is
shown seated
in
hii;li-l)acki'd
Fici.
4.
is
clad
ill
skirt.
In her right
she holds an
and
tail
in
her
Hail or
is
lly-llii).
erect.
tlie
Al)Ove her
her name,
"The
(ireat
Royal
Wife Tiyi."
In front of
(iueen and in
tlie
offering her
U
slic
CIIAIK
Jiulds
litT rit;lit
liand.
She
liair
is
tie.
short
behind with
is
long curls
tiara,
On her head
a diadem or
consisting of five upright lotus Howers with long stalks, witli a lotus
tlie
hud
and
forehead.
is
a ))e;id necklace
witli
In
lier left
a feather fan
long handle.
in tlie
who
a large fan
liandle.
witli
of lotus
and
i)Opp_v
flowers
arranged up
The canoe
made
Below
and
and
stern.
is
reeds.
On
tht-
back
of
tlie
cliair,
on a rectangular panel,
is
a
to
figure of Bes
his
feet.
lixt'd
On
him he hohls a
jjartly
/^fi-basket in
This figure
is
back of the
chair.
OSIRIS BEDS.
-io
OSIItIS
BEDS.
In
toiiili
Osiris,"
one
of
persons buried.
rectangular frame
wood divided
])\
pinned together
Upon
the
the top of
tlu'
frame has
mat, and over the whole a double sheet of linen has been stretclied and
sewn together
the
left
at
ends
and below
in
order to
keep
it
taut.
r}>ou
to])
of
this, in
earth
grains of l)arlev.
This small
and
when
the
was pressed
to
liy
the whole
it
sheet of linen
and allowed
that found
dry before
was deposited
tomb.
figure
made
M. Loret
in the
tomi) of ^laa-her-jjra.
by
j\I.
The
the
signification of these
"beds'"
is,
idea
new
had vegetated
this
way
is
du
Wiedemann,
1 1
ill
]>]>.
1-123.
46
III.
leiis,
enriched
with
hieroglyphic
in
signs tJ]].
symljolising
"Life, Stability
in
The
t<)j>
is
two
i'olding leaves,
centre,
and
Mm -figures
down
form the
legs,
tlie
which
whole
towards the
strengthened
])Ost
feet.
1>\'
construction
king and
(jueen
trusses.
This
luaximum of
Upon
running
tlie
are
hxed
Avoo(len
with
the
names of
bolts
Height, ol cm.
Length,
5-3
cm.
COKFKi; l!EAi;iX{i
THE NA.MKS OF
AMENOI'IIIS
III
AM) qiEEX
TIIYI.
III
AM)
(lUEFJ THYl.
rnPFER raised on
bhu;
toiiv
legs,
glazed
tiles,
einiclie(l
with
liieroglviiliic
lid
inscri})tions
formed
iu
gilt
gesso in low
ivlief.
A
tlie
curved segmental
colfer are
rests
The angle-posts of
parallel
Around
with
tJie
lid
is
])ieces
of ebony,
faience.
Within
two
in
gilt
gesso,
in
in
lower
lialf
with
the
kneeling
ujion
f^isf^-sign,
and
the
cartouches of Amenojihis
disc with uraei.
III,
is
iu
stucco-gilt,
and the
tiles, III,
and
names of Ameudphis
and below
lid.
band of encrusted
below
it
is
filled
in
gilt,
with
ornament, consisting of a
series of
It
and
rails
fine te.xture.
The
angle-})0sts
and
On the
lid
colfer are
48
Avitli
stucco
iiiid
painted l)lack to
.seven
i('])r(sciit
('l)oiiy,
the
ui)i)er
;
end with
doHl)h'
hands
statt"
is
of
liokh
coloured
alternately red
and
hlack,
and
live
centres
stick
is
to re])resent
On
an
the
end of the
Down
f
flfl
the
in.scription in yellow
hieroglyphs, reading:
(jl]
^X
the
'^li ^fl^^l.iD!
tlie
"The ^;teran
favoured one of
Good
The
staff is
broken
at tlie lower
Wnii'-iiANDLE
to
of
wood and
witli
leather
u])])er
The
liaiuUe
is
jiainted hlack
lines of
imitate elxniy,
to
II
at
end
is
white
imitate
Od
ivory.
Down
the
handle
an
in.scription,
reading
Qfl
%.
"
The veteran
in length.
The
NEW
o
YC^^K UNIVEr.SiTY
ImSilSH
^:i
(StLEOE
MPP/.RY
PLATE
Yl.
O n o
CO
p o
<: 3^
a.
o o
en
PLATE Vn
o u
Pi
imk^"(
PLATE Vm.
PLATE
JX
PLA.TE
CANOPIC-JARBOX OF lOUiyA.
^^
PLATE
ZI
O
i
O Q
Q W
O o
Lj (X >^
rt
<
% O
ft
w o
<;
P-,
PLATE
ZIL
O
I
o o
< (0
Plate xi
PLATE XN.
iUiiiiiiiinX'
i>,lt-
i**-
S
y
t
''^^&
V
.'_
PLATE
XY.
CARTONNA-GE
MASK
OF TOTJIYOU.
f>iEW
YORK
UNI'^''
PLATE
XVI.
CANOPIC-JAR
BOX OF
TOUP/OU.
PLATE
Zi'H
X.
''^"-'irf
'I
.,.v,.v-;,.-
CANOPIC JAR
\^/ITH
MUMMIFIED LIVER.
PLATE
XVIll
PLATE XIX
lOUlYA.
PLATE
XX.
PLATE ZZI
O
l-H
i
CQ
^<c
w
w
(1
W Q O
^\<
PLATE 2Zn
UEY.i
YORK UNIVEr.Siry
Li
'
BR A I? Y
PLATE ZZm.
MODEL COFFIN
LENGTH
3
CM.
RECUMBENT FIGURE
LENGTH
3
CM.
PLATE
XXIV:
ID
AND
ll
PLATE XZY
ALABASTER VASE
HEIGHT
345
mm.
PLATE XZYl.
ALABASTER VASE.
HEIGHT
20 CM.
F^
YO'-';'
ijN've:*siTYl
> X X
UJ
H <
D O O ^
O
CO uu
< >
-^.^
".^^
Q Q W H Z <
> X X
ui
H <
cu
a o o o
< >
to UJ CO
Q Q UJ H Z <
'
"K UNIVEr,8!TY
SOi^a[ CGiLS
.rj,
LIBRARY
E^LATE XXIX.
^"
C31LE5E
PLATL
^'...v^
MUMMIFIED JOINTS
IN
WOODEN
CASES.
PLATE
MUMMIFIED BIRDS
IN
WOODEN CASES
PLATE JXKL
o
I
o ^' Si >i U
<:
PLATE XXXIII.
CHAIR OF SAT-AMEN.
-^-=^!
PLATE JmV.
Plate XXXV.
p.KUNW
-
BS\T^
m^
PLATE ZXXVl
CHAIR OF TIYI
&.
SAT- AMEN.
> X X X
H <
111
o
UJ CL
Q < UJ I Q UJ J
UJ
z <
CL
X H
Q W
CD
'
i,rtiii'''"
PLATE XXXVIII.
111.
PLATE XXXIX.
<i^i^^=^
111.
AND QUEEN
TIYI
rjjFV.' vnr-
PLATE ZL
en
PL.ATE ZLH
o o
en
PLATE
XLIII.
PLATE
21 ,1V.
01
<
o.
< H
Ph
f
JJLr70
MANCHESTER,
INDIANA
)(;.'(!
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