Power Transmission and Distribution

SIPROTEC 4
Progress. Its that simple.

Power Automation

Proteccin de Distancia en lneas paralelas

Consultant Power System Protection Gustav Steynberg PTD PA13 Nuremberg Phone: +49 911 433 7012 Fax: +49 911 433 8301 Email: Gustav.Steynberg@siemens.com

PoTLQ2004 Distance protection on parallel lines

Power Transmission and Distribution

Proteccin de lneas multi-circuito acoplamiento mutuo, clases de redes

Progress. Its that simple.

Power Automation

Redes clase 1:
Z0M

Circuitos paralelos con fuentes de secuencia positiva y cero comunes

Line 1

Redes clase 2:
Z0M

Line 2

Circuitos paralelos con fuente de secuencia positiva comn pero fuente de secuencia cero aislada

Redes clase 3:
Z0M

Circuitos paralelos con fuentes de secuencia positiva y cero aisladas

PoTLQ2004 Distance protection on parallel lines

Power Transmission and Distribution

Inductancia mutua entre dos conductores y tierra

Progress. Its that simple.

Power Automation

X0M [] 1.0 X0M

AL 0.8

0.6 X0M = 0.1884 ln 0.4 931 AL [ /km ]

= 100 m

0.2

AL [m] 100 200 300 400 500

PoTLQ2004 Distance protection on parallel lines 3

Power Transmission and Distribution

Acoplamiento de secuencia cero,reactancia mutua calculada entre dos lneas areas de 110 kV
Progress. Its that simple.

Power Automation

d
X0M
2.5 2.5

mutual reactance in the zero-sequence system

[/km]
0.9 0.8 0.7 without earth-wire with earth-wire on one system earth-wire on both systems

3.0 3.5 18.07 3.5

3.0

0.6 0.5 0.4

15.07

= 100 m

12.87

0.3 0.2 0.1

10.67

110 kV overhead line

0 0 100 200 300 400 500

d [m]

PoTLQ2004 Distance protection on parallel lines

Power Transmission and Distribution

Impedancias medidas sin compensacin de lnea paralela

Progress. Its that simple.

Power Automation

l
Z2

200 % Z ZL 150 Z2

Z2 Z0M Z1
Z1 85 % Z1

100

ZE ZL

= 0.86

50

= 0.65 3 ZL
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 x l

Z0M

PoTLQ2004 Distance protection on parallel lines

Power Transmission and Distribution

Impacto del acoplamiento mutuo en la medicin de distancia (relevador en la lnea fallada)

Progress. Its that simple.

Power Automation

falla de fase a tierra en la fase l

IR2, IE2 Z1 Ia1, IE1 x

Z1 =

Ua Ia1 + k01 IE1

ZE =

Z0 Z1 3

Z x ZL Ia1 + ZE IE1 + 0M IE2 3 Z1 = Z Ia1 + E IE1 ZL

x Z 0M 3 Z L 2l x Z1 = x ZL + x ZL Z 1+ E Z 1 4 442 4 4L4 3 error

con IE2 =

x IE1 2I- x

Ia1 = IE1

PoTLQ2004 Distance protection on parallel lines

Power Transmission and Distribution

Impacto del acoplamiento mutuo en la medicin de distancia (relevador en la lnea sana)

Progress. Its that simple.

Power Automation

Z2 Ia1, IE1 x

Ia2, IE2

I-x

Z2 =

Ua Z Z con Ua2 = (2 I - x)(ZL Ia2 + ZE I E2) + x I E1 0M 2 (I- x) 0M I E2 Z 3 3 Ia2 + E I E2 ZL

con

Ia2 = IE2

I E1=

2I x I x

E2

ZE Z0M (2I - x ) 1+ Z + x 3Z L L Z2 = ZL Z 1+ E ZL

ZE (2I - x ) 1 + Z 2 = ZL

Z 0M ZL 3 ZL + Z Z 1+ E 1+ E ZL ZL 1 4 24 3 x

error

PoTLQ2004 Distance protection on parallel lines

Power Transmission and Distribution

Compensacin por lnea paralela; Conexin en el caso del relevador 7SA52

Progress. Its that simple.

Power Automation

Line 1

7SA52

7SA52

Line 2

PoTLQ2004 Distance protection on parallel lines

Power Transmission and Distribution

Impacto de la compensacin mutua en la medicin de distancia en el relevador de la lnea fallada

Progress. Its that simple.

Power Automation

Ia2, IE2 Z1 Ia1, IE1 x

UR Z1 = Ia1 + k01 IE1 + k02 I:E2 1 4 2 4 3

compensacin mutua

k 02 =

Z 0M 3 ZL

x(ZL Ia1 + ZE IE1 + Z1 = I a1 +

Z0M IE2 ) 3

ZE Z0M IE1 + IE2 ZL 3 ZL

Z1 = x ZL (distancia correcta a la falla)

PoTLQ2004 Distance protection on parallel lines

Power Transmission and Distribution

Impacto de la compensacin mutua en la medicin de distancia en el relevador de la lnea sana

Progress. Its that simple.

Power Automation

Z2 I a1, I E1

I a2, I E2

Z2 =

Ua2 Z Z Ia2 + E IE2 + 0M IE1 ZL 3 ZL 1 4 2 4 3

con

Ia2 = IE2

2I - x IE1 = IE2 x

compensacin mutua

U a2 = (2 I - x) ( Z L I a2 + Z E I E2 ) + x I E1

Z 0M Z - 2 (I - x) 0M I E2 3 3

Z Z (2I- x)(1+ E ) + x 0M ZL 3 ZL Z2 = ZL Z 2I - x Z0M 1+ E + x 3 ZL ZL

Z x 2I - x ) 0M 2I - x x 3 ZL ZL (2I - x) Z 2 = ZL (2I - x) + Z 0M 2I - x ZE 1+ + x ZL 3 ZL 1444444 4 2444444 4 3 (

error
PoTLQ2004 Distance protection on parallel lines 10

Power Transmission and Distribution

Impedancias medidas con la compensacin de lnea paralela

Progress. Its that simple.

Power Automation

Z ZL
l

100 90 80 Z1 70 60 Z2

20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6

E1 E2

E2
Z2 Z1 x Z L = Line impedance ZE Z0M = 0.86 = 0.65 ZL 3 ZL

E1

50 40 30 20 10

E1 E2

2l-x x

4 2

0.1 0.2 0.3

0.4 0.5 0.6

0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 x l

PoTLQ2004 Distance protection on parallel lines

11

Power Transmission and Distribution

Proteccin de lneas paralelas, error de medicin en relevadores de distancia (K0=0.66 y K0M=0.4)

Progress. Its that simple.

Power Automation

EP E, ph
D Ph-E Z = k0M ZL = 24 % of ZL 1 + k0 Fault at the end of the line: in-feed to positive and zero-sequence system at the same line end

EP E
D Ph-E Z = k0M ZL = 24 %of ZL 1 + k0 Fault at the end of the line: one breaker open, transformer star-point earth and relay at opposite line ends

EP E
Ph-E D
Ph-E Z0M k0M Z 0L = 10 % of ZL Z = ZL 1 + k0 Fault at the end of the line: parallel line isolated and earthed on both ends

Z0M 3 k0M Z = 1 + k ZL = ZL = 40 %of ZL Z0 0

Fault at the end of the line: in-feed to positive and zero-sequence system at opposite line ends

PoTLQ2004 Distance protection on parallel lines

12

Power Transmission and Distribution

Medicin de distancia en lneas paralelas

Progress. Its that simple.

Power Automation

ajuste de zona en % de la lnea dependiendo del estado de switcheo

85%
ajuste al 85% en caso de: K0 = 0.77

70%

117%

K0 = 1.44

120%

85%

164%

62%
K0 = 0.264

55%

85%

alcance de zona dependiente del ajuste del factor K0 y el estado de switcheo de la lnea (ejemplo: lnea de 400kV: K0 = 0.77, K0M = 0.70

PoTLQ2004 Distance protection on parallel lines

13

Power Transmission and Distribution

Falla a tierra en lnea de doble circuito, error de la medicin de distancia con infeed en ambos lados
Progress. Its that simple.

Power Automation

A
D

Ph-E

Tower geometry

6.40 m

measuring error
1 Single-sided in-feed, B = 0 2 Double-sided in-feed, B = A 3 Double-sided in-feed, B = 5 A

15 m 5m

% 40 +X (underreach) 20

1 2 20 -X (overreach) 40 3 x l

0,5

1,0

= fault location = apparent fault location

conductor: St Al 340/110 mm2 earth-wire: St 70 mm2 residual ZE compensation = 0.84 ZL factor residual Z0M compensation = 0.68 3 ZL factor

PoTLQ2004 Distance protection on parallel lines

14