Use the following to label the flower diagram below: Style, stamen, sepal, filament, peduncle, ovary, anther,

receptacle, carpel, stigma, petal, ovule.

Structure and Function of the Flower

Biology
Life Processes

Section A:

Flower Structure

Science Objectives:
Students should be able to Recognize specified floral parts on most flowers Relate each part to its function Distinguish between staminate, pistillate/carpellate and hermaphrodite flowers

Core Skills Objectives:

Co-operation/Group work Drawing CXC Practical Skills Drawing

What is a Flower?
Plant organ for sexual reproduction
Flowers produce gametes (sex cells) Flowers are necessary for fertilisation to occur

Flower Diagram

Parts of the Flower

Peduncle: flower stalk Receptacle: part of stalk bearing the floral organs, at base of flower Sepal:leaflike structures at flower base, protects young flower bud Calyx: all the sepals together form the calyx Petal: located inside and above the sepals, often large and colourful, sometimes scented, sometimes producing nectar Stamen: male part of the flower, consist of the anther and filament, makes pollen grains Pollen: grains containing the male gametes Pistil/Carpel: female part of the flower, consist of the stigma, style and ovary Ovule: located in the ovaries, carry female gametes Staminate flower: flower bearing only male parts Pistillate/Carpellate flower: flower bearing only female sex parts Hermaphrodite flower: flower bearing both male and female sex parts

Mode of Pollination
1. 2.
3.

Insect-pollinated flowers may have: Brightly coloured petals Strong sweet fragrance Nectar producing glands Guidelines to lead insects to Nectar Wind-pollinated flowers may have:
Large stigmas outside the flower Little or no fragrance Light non-sticky pollen Lack showy petals Bird-pollinated flowers may have: Long tube shaped flowers Bright red and yellow flowers No odour

Mode of Pollination (Continued)

4. Mammal-pollinated flowers may have: White flowers

Strong fruity odour

Flowers opening at night

5.

Water-pollinated flowers may have: Pollen which floats on water (this form of pollination is rare)

Structure and Function of the Flower Quiz #1

1. What is the male part of the flower called? -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2. What is the main function of a flower? -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3. What is the function of the carpel? -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4. Give one example of a hermaphrodite flower -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5. Name the flower structures which protect the young flower bud. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Method
1. Collect specimens of two different flowers Make a labeled drawing of the individual flowers (use the flower diagram as a guide, include magnification, labels in script) 2. Dissect a flower ( a demonstration will be given) 3. Make individual drawings of the petals, sepals, stamens, and pistils/carpels 4. Dissect the pistil/carpel and make a labeled drawing of the ovary and the ovules lying within it

Lets elaborate
1. Collect/ find two flower specimens. 2. Draw the first specimen in detail, making sure to draw each part of the organism. 3. Label each part of the organism that is visible without taking apart the flower. 4. Write a sentence using a sentence frame about each of the parts.

Lets elaborate
5.After you have labeled each part, dissect (or take apart by hand) the flower to locate the inner parts. 6. Label each inner part of the flower organism. 7. Write a sentence using a sentence frame about each inner part.

Assessment Scheme for Drawing

Element
Clarity

Criteria
Clean continuous lines of even thickness No shading or unnecessary detail Reasonable size

Sub-Total
Any 3=2

Total
2 marks

Any 2=1

Accuracy

Faithfulness of reproduction Structures typical of specimen included Reasonable proportions

1 1 1 3 marks

Labeling/ Labeling lines

Neat drawn with a ruler; in pencil; not crossing No arrowheads; touching labeled structure Labels in script

1 1 2 marks

Labels accurate

1 mark

Acceptable title

Accurate description of specimen In caps Below drawing Any 2=1 1 mark

Magnification

1 mark

Total

10 marks

Structure and Function of the Flower Quiz #2 Pollination

1. 2. Write a short definition for the word pollination. Why is pollination important to plants?

3.
4.

State three ways in which pollination can be achieved.

State a plant adaptation associated with each mode of pollination above

Use the following to label the flower diagram below: Style, stamen, sepal, filament, peduncle, ovary, anther, receptacle, carpel, stigma, petal, ovule.