Академический Документы
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Prepared by: Declan Mc Carthy Checked by: George Henchion Approved by: George Henchion
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page No. PRELIMINARY I. II. III. Over view....................................................................................................................... 3 Abbreviations List........................................................................................................... 5 Tags and codes in P+ID plans ....................................................................................... 6
IV. Alarms............................................................................................................................ 7 Treatment Plant 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Forward Feed Pumping Station.................................................................................... 11 Storm Tank .................................................................................................................. 13 Aeration Tank............................................................................................................... 15 Clarifier and RAS/ WAS Pumps ................................................................................... 17 Sludge Holding Tanks (SHT)........................................................................................ 20 Tertiary Filter Feed Sump............................................................................................. 21 Final Effluent P.S ......................................................................................................... 26
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REVISION TABLE
Index Draft Rev. 1 Date 07 /2007 05/ 2008 Modification First Issue Tertiary Filter Written D.C D.M.C Design App. Contract Eng. App. Client App.
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I.
OVER VIEW
The existing waste water treatment plant at Fennagh Co. Carlow is being upgrade to treat waste water from a population equivalent of 1500. The treated waste water will be pumped to the River burren some 1600m away.
a.
Waste water enters the treatment plant from the existing local sewer network. The incoming waste water passes through a mechanical spiral screen where solid non-biodegradable objects are removed from the incoming flow and transferred to a waste skip. A sampler automatically collects samples of the incoming waste water for analysis. of the grit chamber. Periodically grit is removed to a classifier where it is dewatered and The waste water gravitates to the forward feed pumping station from where it is pumped to the aeration tank by 2 No. D/ S submersible centrifugal pumps. During storm conditions, flows in excess 11.7 l/s (3 x DWF) overflow the pumping station to the storm tank (Existing aeration tank). If the incoming flows exceed the capacity of the storm tank the excess flows overflow to the nearby stream.
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Following the spiral screen the flows gravitate to the grit trap where grit settles to the bottom compacted prior to disposal into a skip.
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The contents of the storm tank are pumped back to the forward feed pumping station by 2 No. D/ S pumps at a rate of 5 l/s via a DN100 pipe when storm conditions recede. Oxygen is introduced to the aeration tank by a fixed film aerator on a VSD drive. The drive is controlled by a dissolved oxygen probe located in the tank. Ferric Sulphate is dosed into the inlet pipe to the aeration tank to reduce Phosphorus levels. The effluent flows from the aeration tank to the clarifier. A rotating half bridge cause the sludge to settle to the bottom of the tank where it is pumped to the sludge holding tanks as WAS or returned as RAS to the aeration tank. Clarified effluent overflows a weir in the clarifier and flows by gravity to the tertiary filter feed pumping station. The clarified effluent is pumped to the tertiary filter for final treatment and gravitates to the final effluent pumping station. The tertiary filter is periodically back washed using treated effluent. The wash water is directed back to the forward feed pumping station. A sampler automatically collects samples of the treated effluent for analysis. The treated effluent is pumped to the Burren river at a rate of 13.75 l/s via a DN150 rising main.
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b.
Waste Sludge
Scum from the clarifier and WAS is stored transferred to the sludge holding tanks. Supernatant is automatically decanted off at a high level and flows to the forward feed pumping station. Settled sludge is periodically removed from the tanks by a road tanker. A flow meter on the bauer connection pipe monitors the sludge removed from the tanks.
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AB = Air Blower B = Bin / Skip BV = Butterfly Valve CO = Compressor D/S = Duty / Standby DO = Dissolved Oxygen DWF= Dry Weather Flow FEPS = Final Effluent Pumping Station FFPS = Forward Feed Pumping Station GV = Gate Valve M = Motor P = Pump
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LS = Limit Switch
P&ID = Process & Instrumentation Diagram PLC = Programmable Logic Controller PS = Position Switch SA = Sampler SC = Screen SHT = Sludge Holding Tank SV = Solenoid Valve US = Ultrasonic Level Sensor VSD = Variable Speed Drive WAS = Waste Activated Sludge
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FM = Flow Meter
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SV
Instrument / equipment (see note 1)
05
Instrument number. / equipment
E R --
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Flow
In case of 2 or more succeeding letters, they will be placed one after the other in the sequence I-R-C-T-Q-S-Z-A-B. Note 1: For explanation of tags / symbols, please refer to Process and Instrumentation Diagram Details plan.
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IV. ALARMS
Priority 1 Event Locally displayed at control panel. Priority 2 Attention (High level detected) Caution Alarm raised locally and at the county councils head office.
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Where duty / standby pumps are installed. If the duty pump fails to start, the standby pump automatically becomes the duty pump. A priority 2 alarm is raised. All electrical equipment and instruments are wired to the control panel (PL-01) located in the control house.
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Priority 3
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Inlet screening Flow enters the inlet works in a gravity 225 sewer from the local area. The spiral screen & compactor (01-SC01) is automatically controlled on a level-time basis. Control process is detailed as follows:
A high level to be set during commissioning (500 mm variable) is detected by (01US01), located prior (01-SC01).
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cleaned by a brush attached to the conveyor spiral. Screenings are compacted in the compaction zone and binned into a wheelie bin. Drained liquid is diverted downstream of (01-SC01).
(01-SV01) (Lower washing valve) starts with (01-SC01) and is controlled on a time basis (2 seconds running / 5 seconds pause) while (01-SC01) is running.
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(01-SV02) (compaction zone cleaning valve) starts with (01-SC01) as well, and it is 120 seconds running time of (01-SC01).
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controlled on a time basis while (01-SC01) is running (5 seconds running after every
(01-SC01) and solenoid valves stop 0-5 minutes (to be set during commissioning) after a low level is detected by (01-US01) (100mm variable), or on a time basis if (01SC01) is continuously running after a period based on screen manufacturers recommendations.
Wash water for the screen will be supplied by 2 No D/ S wash water supply pumps (07-P03/ P04) located at the tertiary filter feed sump.. Y type strains 01-YS01/ YS02 will be installed prior to the solenoid valves to prevent dirt particles that affect their functioning. In the event of any kind of failure (power, mechanical, etc), the effluent overflows to the bypass screen (01-SC02), and an overflow alarm is raised. Screening are manually raked and removed by an operator.
Fennagh WWTP Ref No. 1728 May 2008 Rev. 01
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Solid matter is removed by the conveyor spiral from the separation screen, which is
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The sampling system (01-SA01) will have variable set point controls which will be calibrated during commissioning. The system is equipped with time and flow proportional manual overrides. The sampler is controlled from its local panel. Screened effluent passes through a 225mm UPVC pipe to the grit trap. Grit trap. The grit trap is a vortex type. Grit settles to the bottom of the chamber and is lifted on an intermittent basis by means of air flow from 01-AB01 to the bottom of the chamber via 2 No air pipes. The settle grit is removed in a two stage timed process. The wash and the lift sequence are
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described as follows (the following time periods may need to be adjusted on commissioning):
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1.2.
Control Philosophy
1.2.1.
(Automatic Operation)
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discharge pipe). A 0-24 hour timer is used to initiate the process timer. (01-AB01) and (01-SC04) starts running for 0-60 minutes. When (01-AB01) is started, air is diverted to the bottom of the chamber where it agitates the settled grit locally, causing it to be suspended in solution. Grit is transferred to the grit classifier (01-SC04) and discharged into a bin after being drained. Drained liquid is diverted to the grit trap inlet pipe. (01-3BV01) into the discharge pipe creates an air lift pump as follows: o o o o After 0-10 minutes, the 3-way valve changes to the air lift position. After 0-10 minutes, the 3-way valve reverts to the air wash position. After 0-10 minutes, the 3-way valve changes to the air lift position. After 0-10 minutes, the 3-way valve changes to the air lift position. 01-AB01 stops.
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(01-AB01) and (01-SC04) are off and (01-3BV01) is in air position (i.e. external to the
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At the end 01-AB01 stops, 01-3BV01 set to air wash position, and (01-SC04) stops 5 minutes after (01-AB01).
The cycle frequency is variable and will be determined during commissioning and adjusted as appropriate by operator. Flow from the grit trap is directed to the forward feed pumping station.
DRIVES PLANT Tag Description Control Control parameter Comment Duty Mechanical spiral 01-SC01 screen and compactor 01-US01 Timer Level Time Controls at PL-01 An ON signal controls wash water pumps (07-P03/ P04) Bypass screen Duty Controls at PL-01 Lower washing valve Compaction zone cleaning valve Duty Controls at PL-01 Duty Controls at PL-01
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Timer Time Timer Timer Time Time
01-3BV01
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01-AB01
Air blower
Timer
Time
Timer
Time
INSTRUMENTATION Tag 01-US01 Description Ultrasonic level sensor Sampler Signal Analogue Alarm High level Comment LIC Controls 01-SC01 QIR Controlled by local timer
01-SA01
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01-SC02
Manual screen
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The pumping station receives flows from: Inlet grit trap via a 225 pipe Waste water from the control house via a 100 pipe Supernatant return flows via a 150 pipe Backwash flows from the tertiary filter via a 225 pipe Return flows from the storm tank via a 100 pipe The pumping station consists of 2 No. submersible centrifugal pumps (02-P01 & 02-P02)
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(02-P01 & 02-P02) each have a capacity of 11.70 l/s and operate on a D/ S basis. Automatic pump control is obtained by use of an ultrasonic level sensor in the wet well (02US01) which transmits a 4-20Ma signal to (PL-01).
Pump controls allows for the automatic changeover of duty pumps on a time basis set out at 24 hours initially. The forward flow rate to treatment is monitored and recorded by flow meter (04-FM01), which transmits a 4-20 ma signal to (PL-01). The forward flow rate is restricted to 11.7 l/s. In the event of the incoming flows exceeding the capacity of the forward feed pumps over an extended period i.e. storm conditions, the excess flows overflow to the storm tank (existing aeration tank).
2.2.
Control Philosophy
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2.2.1.
Automatic Operation
Forward Feed Pumps (02-P01/ P02) In the event of a high level as monitored by level sensor (02-US01), duty pump starts. In the event of a low level as monitored by level sensor (02-US01), duty pump stops. If the level in the pumping station increases as monitored by (02-US01) the duty pump ramps up. If the level in the pumping station decrease as monitored by (02-US01), duty pump ramps down. In the event of a high high level as monitored by (02-US01) an alarm is raised at the local control panel and at the County Councils head office. Excess flows over flow to the storm tank. If the duty pump fails to start the standby pump becomes the duty pump. A priority 2 alarm
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DRIVES PLANT Tag 02-P01/ P02 Description Foul Pumps
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Control
Control parameter
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02-US01 / 04-FM01
Level / Flow
INSTRUMENTATION Tag 02-US01 Description Ultrasonic level sensor Signal Analogue Alarm Overflow level Comment Controls 02-P01/ P02, 03P01/ P02
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The storm tank receives overflows from the forward feed pumping station during storm conditions (incoming flows >11.70 l/s) via a 225 overflow pipe. Once storm conditions have subsided the storm water is pumped back to the forward feed pumping station by storm return pumps (03-P01 & 03-P02) at a rate of 5l/s. These pumps are controlled by the level sensor (03-US01) located in the storm tank and level sensor (02US01) located in the forward feed pumping station and operate on a duty/ standby basis. If the capacity of the storm tank is reached the incoming flows overflow a weir and discharge The ultrasonic level sensor (03-US01) mounted in the tank records the flow rate over the outfall weir in the tank.
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3.2.
Control Philosophy
In the event of a high level detected in the storm tank as monitored by level sensor (03US01) and a low level detected in the forward feed P.S as monitored by (02-US01) the duty storm pump starts. In the event of a high level detected in the forward feed P.S as monitored by (02-US01) the duty storm pump stops. In the event of a low level detected in the storm tank as monitored by level sensor (03US01) the duty storm pump stops. If the duty storm pump fails to start the assist storm pump starts. A priority 2 alarm is raised/ The duty pump is alternated after every cycle.
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3.2.1.
Automatic Operation
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DRIVES PLANT Tag 03-P01/ P02 Description Storm Return Pumps Control 03-US01 02-US01 Control parameter Level / Flow Comment Duty/ Standby Controls at PL-01
INSTRUMENTATION Tag 03-US01 Description Ultrasonic level sensor Signal Analogue Alarm Overflow level Comment LIRC (Overflow monitoring) Controls 03-P01/ P02
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The system consists of an aeration tank, aeration wheel and an aeration wheel drive motor (04-M01). The aeration tank receives incoming flows from the forward feed pumping station via a DN100 pipe and RAS flows from the clarifier via a DN150 pipe. The Aerator wheel is powered by a drive motor (04-M01) using a chain a sprocket transmission. The drive motor is controlled by DO probe (04-DO01) located in the tank, which is maintained within an operating band between 2 and 3 mg/l (levels to be adjusted during commissioning). The drive motor ramps up/ down in relations to the DO level of the activated. Ferric sulphate is dosed in to the inlet pipe from the forward feed pumping station. The ferric sulphate reduces the phosphorus level in the process by causing the phosphorus to coagulate and settle as sludge in the clarifier. tank through a 250 mm pipe. 4.2. Control Philosophy Aerated liquid overflows a weir on the outlet side of the tank and gravitates to the clarifier
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waste water. If (04-DO01) records either a high or low oxygen level, a priority 1 alarm will be
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4.2.1.
Automatic Operation
In the event of low dissolved oxygen levels as monitored by (04-DO01), the motor ramps up. In the event of high dissolved oxygen levels as monitored by (04-DO01), the motor ramps down. At a high - high dissolved oxygen level the motor stops. The drive motor is also started by the PLC timer if it has not operated with in a set time (60 minutes). On start up the drive motor is configured to operate at full speed for 10 minutes.
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DRIVES PLANT Tag Description Aeration wheel drive motor Control 04-DO01 Timer Control parameter Dissolved oxygen Timer Comment Duty VSD Controls at PL-01
04-M01
INSTRUMENTATION Tag 04-DO01 Description Dissolved oxygen Signal Analogue Alarm High / Low Comment Controls 04-M01 FIRC 04-FM01 Flow meter Analogue Controls 05-P02/ P03, 10-P01/ P02, 02-P01/ P02
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The system consists of a clarifier tank, 2 No. Sludge pumps mounted on a RC plinth (05-P02 & 03), a scum pump (05-P01). Flow from the aeration tank enters the clarifier and is directed to the central diffusion drum, which is designed such that flows will discharge radially at the bottom. As settlement occurs the clarified effluent rises and overflows the peripheral weir. The heavier activated sludge settles to the floor of the tank. The rotating half bridge is supported on a steel tripod and at the perimeter. The drive unit
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(05-M01) is fitted to the wheel at the perimeter of the bridge and is constantly rotating. The rotating bridge is fitted with a series of floor scrappers which continuously direct the settled sludge to a central hopper. At the base of the hopper is the sludge draw off pipe which is directed to the RAS / WAS pumps.
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Sludge pumps (05-P02/ P03) each have a capacity of 11.7 l/s, operate on a D/S basis, and are controlled by VSDs which ramp up/ down in relation to the incoming flow to aeration tank
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as monitored by flow meter (04-FM01). Pump controls allow for the automatic changeover of duty pumps on a time basis set out at 24 hours initially. If duty pump does not cut-in the standby pump becomes the duty pump. Under normal operation the sludge is returned to the aeration tank as RAS. Periodically the operator directs the sludge to the sludge holding tanks as WAS by manually operating the change over valves. Scum on the surface of the clarified effluent is directed to a scum box by a scraper on the top of the half bridge. The scum is pumped by scum pump (05-P01) to the sludge holding tanks. The pump operates on a duty basis. The pump is controlled by a limit switch (05-LS01) located adjacent to the scum pump.
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The limit switch is activated by a striker on the rotating half bridge every complete revolution of the half bridge. Clarified effluent overflows the V-notch weir and flows by gravity to tertiary filter feed P.S.
5.2.
Control Philosophy
5.2.1.
Automatic Operation
When the position switch (05-LS01) is activated the sludge pump operates for a set period of time.
The duty RAS / WAS pump operates continuously. In the event of higher incoming flows as monitored by (04-FM01), the duty pump ramps ups.
In the event of lower incoming flows as monitored by (04-FM01), the duty pump ramps down.
DRIVES PLANT Tag 05-M01 05-P01 Description Clarifier drive Scum pump Comment Duty Duty Controls at PL-01 Duty/ Standby VSD Controls at PL-01
05-P02/ P03
Sludge pumps
04-FM01
Flow
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INSTRUMENTATION Tag 05-LS01 Description Limit switch Signal Digital Alarm Comment P.C Controls 05-P01
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Flow enters the sludge holding tank from the sludge pumps and the scum box in the clarifier. The contents of the tank are the allowed to thicken through the separation of the clear liquid and sludge by gravity. Clear liquid at the top of the tank overflows the high level decant pipe or is manually decanted at a lower level. This liquor is then returned to the forward feed pumping station. The Bauer coupling at the base of the tank allows for sludge to be removed using a mobile tanker. The bauer coupling line is fitted with a flowmeter (06-FM01) to record sludge flows
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DRIVES PLANT Tag Description -
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Control -
Control parameter -
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Comment -
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Tag 06-FM01
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INSTRUMENTATION
Signal Analogue
Alarm -
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Clarified effluent enters the tertiary filter feed sump from the clarifier through a DN200mm pipe. The pumping station consists of 2 No. submersible pumps (07-P01/ P02) and 2 No. dry mounted wash water pumps (07-P03/ P04). The wash water pumps supply wash water to the inlet screen at a rate of 4 l/s. Clarified effluent is pumped to the tertiary treatment filter by the 2 No. feed pumps (07-P01/ P02) at a rate of 11.7 l/s. The pumps operate on a duty / standby basis and are controlled by level sensor (07-US01) and by the PLC timer during a back wash cycle. At a high level the pumping station can overflow to the final effluent P.S via a DN 200
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overflow pipe.
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7.2. 7.2.1.
Control Philosophy
Automatic Operation
In the event of a high level as monitored by (07-US01), duty pump starts. In the event of a low level as monitored by (07-US01), duty pump stops. If the duty pump fails to start the standby pump becomes the duty pump. A priority 2 alarm is raised. When a backwash cycle is initiated for the tertiary filter, the PLC prevents the filter feed pumps from operating while the backwash cycle takes place irrespective of level in the sump. The duty pump alternates after every cycle.
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Wash Water Pumps (07-P03/ P04). The duty pump is started by an ON signal from the (PLC) when inlet screen (01-SC01) is running. The duty pump is stopped by an OFF signal from the (PLC) when inlet screen (01-SC01) is stopped. In the event of a low level detected in the sump as monitored by level sensor (07-US01), duty pump stops. If the duty pump fails to start the standby pump becomes the duty pump. A priority 2 alarm is raised. The duty pump alternates after every cycle.
07-P01/ P02
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07-US01 PLC
Level Time
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Tag
Description
Control
Control parameter
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Comment
(Backwash timer)
Level
07-P03/ P04
(ON signal
INSTRUMENTATION Tag Description Ultrasonic Level sensor Signal Alarm Comment LIC Analogue Controls 07-P01/ P02/ P03/ P04
07-US01
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The tertiary filter consists of: 1 No. Tertiary Filter. 2 No. Filter Feed Pumps (07-P01/ P02) located in the tertiary filter feed sump (See chapter 7). 1 No. Backwash pump (09-P01) located in the final effluent P.S (See chapter 9). 1 No. DN150mm Actuated Ball Valve (08-BV01) located on the filter outlet pipe. 1 No. DN200mm Actuated Ball Valve (08-BV02) located on the backwash waste pipe. 1 No. DN150mm Actuated Ball Valve (08-BV03) located on the filter rinse pipe.
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Filtering Process
Clarified effluent is pumped from the tertiary filter feed pumping station to the tertiary treatment filter by 2 No. Duty/ Standby tertiary feed pumps (07-P01/ P02) at a rate of 11.7 l/s. As the clarified effluent passes down through the filter, suspended solids in the effluent will During the filtering process actuated ball valve (08-BV01) is in the open position and valves (08-BV02 & 08-BV03) are in the closed position. A sampler (09-SA01) automatically collects a sample of the treated effluent in the final effluent P.S. The sampler is controlled by the PLC timer.
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be retained in the filter. Following the filter the filtered effluent is directed to final effluent p.s.
Back Wash & Rinse Cycle Periodically the tertiary filter is backwashed (initially set to 4 times/ day) by isolating the incoming flow and pumping filtered water back through the filter by duty pump (09-P01) located in the final effluent P.S at a rate of 47.5 l/s. A back wash only takes place during periods of low incoming flow through the plant. Following a backwash cycle, the filter is rinsed for 30 seconds.
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When a backwash is scheduled by the PLC timer, and a low level detected in the tertiary filter feed P.S as monitored by level sensor (07-US01), the pumps (07-P01/ P02) are stopped and actuated valve (08-BV02) is opened and valve (08-BV01) is closed. Pumps (07-P01/ P02) are prevented from operating during a backwash even if a high level is detected in the filter feed p.s as monitored by (07-US01), Backwash pump (09-P01) starts for a time (t1) initially set to 180 seconds. Filtered water is pumped back through the filter and gravitates to the FFPS via a 225mm pipe. After time (t1) backwash pump (09-P01) stops. The filter is allowed to settle for a time (t2) set to 60 seconds. After time (t2) valve (08-BV02) closes and valve (08-BV03) opens for the rinse cycle. After the duty filter feed pump operates for time (t3) initially set to 30 seconds, valve (08BV01) opens and valve (08-BV03) closes. Back wash cycle complete.
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8.2.
Control Philosophy
8.3.
Automatic operation
During normal operation of the filter, actuated valve (08-BV01) is in the open position. When a back wash cycle is initiated by the PLC the valve closes. The valve remains closed until the backwash and rinse cycle is complete. When the rinse cycle is complete the valve opens. Actuated valve (08-BV02)
During normal operation of the filter, actuated valve (08-BV02) is in the closed position. When a back wash cycle is initiated by the PLC the valve opens. The valve remains open until the backwash cycle is complete (270 seconds variable).
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Actuated valve (08-BV03) During normal operation of the filter, actuated valve (08-BV03) is in the closed position. Following a backwash and filter settling time of 1 minute the valve opens. The valve remains open for 30 seconds while the duty pump (07-P01/ P02) in the FEPS operates. The rinse water is directed to the FFPS. After the rinse cycle the valve closes. Backwash Pump (09-P01) (See chapter 9)
08-BV01
Actuated valve (Filter outlet) Actuated valve (Backwash outlet) Actuated Ball valve (Drain)
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PLC
(Back
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Tag
Description
Control
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DRIVES PLANT
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Comment Duty Controls at PL-01 Duty Controls at PL-01 Duty Controls at PL-01
wash)
08-BV02
Time
08-BV03
Time
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Flow enters the pumping station through a 150mm pipe from the tertiary filter and is pumped approximately 1600m to the Burren River. Rising main pumps (09-P02 & 09-P03) each have a capacity of 13.75 l/s and operate on a D/ S basis. The sampling system (09-SA01) operates on variable set point controls which will be calibrated during commissioning. The system is equipped with time and flow proportional manual overrides. The sampler is controlled from its local panel.
9.2.1.
Automatic Operation
The pump is controlled by an ON signal from the PLC during a back wash cycle. The pump runs for 180 second as part of the back wash cycle. In the event of a low level detected in the sump as monitored by level sensor (09-US01) the pump stops. The pump is prevented from running when the filter supply pumps (07-P01/ P02) are operating. Rising Main Pumps (09-P02/ P03) During a back wash cycle the pumps are prevented from operating to ensure sufficient level in the sump for a back wash cycle. In the event of a high level detected in the sump as monitored by level sensor (09US01) the duty pump starts.
Fennagh WWTP Ref No. 1728 May 2008 Rev. 01
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9.2.
Control Philosophy
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Control Philosophy
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In the event of a low level detected in the sump as monitored by level sensor (09-US01) the duty pump stops. If the duty pump fails to start the standby pump becomes the duty pump. A priority 2 alarm is raised. The duty pump alternates after every cycle.
DRIVES PLANT Tag Description Control 09-US01 09-P01 Backwash pump PLC (Backwash timer) 09-US01 (Backwash timer) Time Level Time Duty Controls at PL-01 Control parameter Comment
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09-P02/ P03
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PLC
Level
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Comment LIC Controls 09-P01/ P02/ P03 FIR QIR Timer controlled
Analogue
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Analogue
May 2008
Rev. 01
Control Philosophy
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10. FERRIC DOSING The Ferric dosing unit consist of a ferric dosing tank and 2 No. dosing pumps (10-P01/ P02). The ferric solution is pumped at a rate of 0-5 l/hr to the inlet to the aeration tank by means of dosing pumps (10-P01/ P02). The Phosphate level is reduced in a chemical reaction and settles as sludge. The dose rate is set manually by the operator based on the incoming effluent. Once the dose rate is set the pumps are controlled automatically based on the incoming flow to the aeration tank as monitored by flow meter (04-FM01).
PLANT Tag
10-P01/ P02
Description
Dosing pump
Control
04-FM01
Control parameter
Comment
Duty / Standby Controls at PL-01
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Signal Alarm
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Flow
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Comment -
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May 2008
Rev. 01
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Section C1
The village of Fennagh is serviced by a waste water drainage system and wastewater treatment works (WWTW). The original WWTW was constructed in the early 1970s and was designed for a population equivalent of 180PE. The treatment works consisted of an extended aeration treatment process with settlement and sludge drying beds. The original secondary settlement tank was replaced by a GRP hopper bottomed secondary settlement tank with lamella plates in the mid 90s, as there was hydraulic overloading. There was also disused sludge drying beds. By 2005 the contributing load to the WWTW was determined as 390PE and the WWTW was significantly overloaded, with poor treatment capacity. In 2008 Carlow County Council replaced the old WWTW with a new treatment works with a capacity of 1,500 pe, this works was put into use in Dec 2008 and is being commissioned at present. The new works consists of the following: Inlet 6mm screening and de-gritting on all flows, including storm flows. Storm water holding of 3DWF for 2 hours, providing settlement and a baffled outlet for overflow to the Burren Tributary, with held storm water returned for treatment Flow measurement of flow to full treatment and storm overflow. Secondary treatment using aeration and settlement. Tertiary treatment using a sand filtration system Phosphorous reduction using ferric dosing Sludge holding and thickening tank with flow measurement for sludge removed from site.
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The treatment standards for the new works are: BOD TSS Amm N Total P 10mg/l 10mg/l 5mg/l 1mg/l 95%ile 95%ile 95%ile 95%ile
The old Fennagh WWTW discharged into the Burren Tributary which flows to the Burren River, the confluence with the Burren is about 1.5 km east of the WWTW. The new works will discharge into the Burren River via a new pumping station. The Burren Tributary was considered for discharge however as the 95%ile flow, estimated by the EPA, is 11l/s and the design load for Fennagh is 1,500 pe the dilution in the Burren Tributary was considered to be marginally unacceptable as the BOD in the stream as a result of the works would be about 3.2 mg/l during low flows. Therefore it was decided to pump the final effluent to the Burren River itself as this would allow for future expansion of the works when required.
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The 95%ile flow in the River Burren at the discharge point is estimated at about 100 l/s, providing dilution of almost 30:1 and the BOD in the river as a result of the works would be about 0.85mg/l for a discharge standard of 25 mg/l at design loading and would be approximately 0.35mg/l for the consent standard of 10mgBOD/l. The consent standard for the Fennagh WWTW was set to 10:10(BOD:TSS) as there is a water abstraction point about 15km downstream of the works on the Burren River(Sion Cross). The site layout for Fennagh (drawing C2) shows the location of the final effluent pumping station and the storm water overflow, and drawing C1 is a schematic of the WWTW, drawing C3 shows the location of the final effluent discharge point on the River Burren. The treatment works has been operational since Dec 2008 is going through a commissioning period at present.
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EPA Export 26-07-2013:11:36:15
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Pipe-Aerotor (RR)
oxygen input at the spillway
rotation
angle of opening oxygen supply of the fixed film
intake of atmospheric air forced conduction and compression of the trapped air
running in wastewater aeration from release of trapped air oxygen transfer at the transition zones air / water
Process Description
The wastewater treatment unit combines the advantages of the activated sludge process with those of fixed film in a unique design. The system works like a conventional activated sludge system with activated biological sludge in the mixed liquor and a return sludge circuit. This process is enhanced by working with higher concentrations of suspended sludge as a consequence of the low sludge volume index and by the additional effect of the fixed film. The STM-AEROTOR is designed as a rotor equipped with pipes created by media discs. By rotating the rotor by a motor above water level, surface air is captured by the special design of the fixed film media and consequently the microorganisms in the basin are supplied with oxygen. As soon as a pipe of the rotor emerges above water level during rotation, the mixed liquor inside the pipes flows out. By this it is firstly aerated at the spillway. The pipe will then be filled with atmospheric air. The necessary oxygen for the fixed film dissolves on the wet surfaces of the media discs. During the downward rotation the air is trapped in the pipes and forced into the mixed liquor. Moving downwards to the bottom of the biotank the air is compressed more and more. The compressed air is contacting all inner surface areas of the disc during rotation. The fixed film is supplied with oxygen during the entire rotation in the atmosphere and in the mixed liquor. During rotation parts of the air can escape. The bubbles travelling to the centre of the rotor result in a homogeneous mixing of the biotank. A circular stream in the centre of the rotor increases significantly the detention time of the bubbles so that consequently the oxygen transfer time is much larger compared to a conventional diffuser aeration system. The activated sludge in the mixed liquor is always effectively supplied with oxygen. The STM-AEROTOR is a high-capacity oxygen supply mechanism designed to satisfy high demands while using less power. Zones with different oxygen concentrations are formed in the basin. These zones influence with advantage the processes of nitrification / denitrification and increased biological P-elimination. The system can be flexibly designed and controlled adapted to varying requirements - by appropriately sizing the volume of the biotank - by changing the speed of the rotor (frequency controlled motor) - by adding additional media pipes and scraper blades
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Choosing larger dimensions of the biotank equipped with the same aerotor (expanding the biotank volume) results in a larger treatment volume. Consequently the anoxic environmental zones are increased so that simultaneous denitrification takes place. These anoxic zones are mainly beneath and under the aerotor. At the tank bottom the concentration of the mixed liquor increases too as a result of first sedimentation in consequence of the low sludge volume index created by the fixed film. Here all oxygen is consumted and a anaerobic zone is created so that an increased biological phosphorus elimination (luxury P-uptake) is additionally achieved. To that the sludge in the anaerobic zone becomes septic a scraper and / or additional pipes are to be installed so that the sludge is mixed and get back into the aerated turbulence of the aerotor.
aerobic zone
circular stream
Design
The basic construction of the rotor is a central shaft and a steel cage structure which transfers forces directly to the bearings. The central shaft is significantly less stressed.
Pipe-Aerotor
The pipes are formed by joining discs into cylinders. Several of these pipes are specially arranged to create the rotor. The pipes form hollow chambers which serve both to input oxygen and as fixed film growth surfaces. The discs consist of durable polypropylene. The distance between the discs is 20 mm. Each rotor can be fitted with additional scrapers and pipes.
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Wide Applicability
- treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater - partial or basic treatment, advanced treatment with nitrification/denitrification, and increased biological P-elimination - new plants, expansions, and retrofits of existing plants - single home treatment units - containerized and modular plants - large treatment plants in single and compactly designed concrete tanks - separate aerobic sludge stabilisation - treatment of septic and faecal sludges - treatment of liquid manure and other wastewaters from livestock
Advantages
The Sthlermatic-AEROTOR
Using modular construction, it is possible to adapt the process to the requirements of every application or loading. The simple and ruggedly designed construction requires less maintenance. The selected materials guarantee long service life. Only half the power of a conventional diffused-air aeration system is required.
Highest process stability is achieved through a wide spectrum of microorganisms in the mixed liquor and the fixed film. Oxygen supply is always guaranteed even with increased effluent standards or during excessive loadings.
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The STM-system is very capable and reliable under even the highest demands. By optimally combining activated sludge with fixed film, required effluent concentrations are safely and steadily achieved, both for basic and for advanced treatment.
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Details of Proposed Treatment System The Stahlermatic (STM) process is an advanced process incorporating a combination of fixed film and activated sludge growth mechanisms in a single basin. Each of these processes has their own advantages. Historically, fixed film systems such as RBCs are simple and stable with low maintenance. The activated sludge process is a more flexible process and will produce a higher quality of final effluent. The STM plant combines the advantages of both processes. The system works like a conventional activated sludge system with activated biological sludge in the mixed liquor and with a return sludge circuit to increase the concentration of the suspended sludge. The efficiency of the typical activated sludge system is enhanced by working with higher concentrations of the suspended sludge than usual and by the additional effect of the biofilm. The powerful effects of the STM system results from this significant increase of the total biomass concentration. The STM-system can be used in the same way and with the same process combinations as a conventional activated sludge system. The immersed STM-contact aerators or contactors are attached radially around a large center shaft. The plates and discs in the contactors are formed with a special surface profile. The process uses only a single mechanical drive system. A geared motor above water level rotates a contactor. Through it atmospheric air is dissolved in the mixer liquor to supply the activated sludge sufficiently with oxygen. The biofilm on the contact aerators is supplied with oxygen when the contactors emerge above water level. During the downward rotation the air is trapped in the chambers created by the plates and discs of the contactors, and forced into the water. As it is conducted to the bottom of the biotank the air is compressed more and more. In principle the biofilm is supplied with oxygen during the total rotation of the contactor, in the atmosphere and in the mixed liquor. The trapped air is partially used to reduce the power requirements by buoyancy so that the power consumption of the system is relatively low. In effect, the contactor acts an extremely efficient aerator. The oxygen supply for all microorganisms is ensured by rotating the contactors slowly. As soon as a segment emerges with its chambers above water level during this rotation, the mixed liquor inside the chambers runs out. The segment will then be filled with atmospheric air. The necessary oxygen for the biological wastewater treatment dissolves on the wet surfaces of the fixed biofilm. Because this very large surface area is directly affected by the partial pressure of the air, an immediate saturation of the oxygen concentration is achieved. By diffusion oxygen penetrates into the biofilm due to the concentration gradient. While the segments are submerging again into the mixed liquor the air cannot escape and is trapped in the segments. As the contactor rotates, the air is forced conducted to the bottom of the biotank. In this way the air is compressed more and more. During the downward rotation some of the air can escape and is channelled in the form of middle fine and fine bubbles to the centre of the aerator caused by the shape of the
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segments. Finally the bubbles reach the water surface through the opposite segments. This turbulence combined with the rotation of the wheel effects a homogeneous mixing of the biotank. The activated sludge in the mixed liquor is always sufficiently supplied with oxygen. During the upward rotation of the contact aerator the partially air filled segments provide buoyancy and tremendously reduce the propulsive power required for rotation. Only a few moments before emerging again the rest of the air is released into the water. The fixed film on the surface areas within the segments are supplied with oxygen up to saturation while open to atmosphere at the start of the cycle. The forced conducted air is contacting all inner surface areas of the plates or discs in the segments during rotation. By this all microorganisms of the fixed film are sufficiently supplied with oxygen during rotation in the mixed liquor too.
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