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PEESENT
1. Introduction to do action:
Subject+ (am/is/are) +going to+MV (1) +Object Example: I am going to call you (Assertive) I am not going to call you. (Negative) Am I going to call you? (Interrogative) Am I not going to call you? (I/N)

2. Continuous Actions without mention of time.

Subject+ (am/is/are) +MV (1) +ing +Object Examples: I am calling you. (Assertive) I am not calling. (Negative) Am I calling you? (Interrogative) Am I not calling you? (Interrogative/Negative)

3. Continuous with mention of time

Subject+ (Ha e/!as) been+MV (1) +ing+Since/"or (#ime In$icator)

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Example: I !a e been calling you *or t+o !ours. (Assertive) I !a e not been calling you *or t+o !ours (Negative) Ha e I been calling you *or t+o !ours? (Interrogative) Ha e I not been calling you *ro t+o !ours? (Interrogative/Negative)

4. Finished Action:
Subject + (!a e/!as) +MV (,) +Object Example: I !a e calle$ you. (Assertive) I !a e not calle$ you. (Negative) Ha e I calle$ you? (Interrogative) Ha e I not calle$ you? (Interrogative/Negative)

. Forced Action:
Subject + (Ha e to/!as to) +MV (1) +Object Example: I !a e to call you. (Assertive) I $o not !a e to call you. (Negative) -o I !a e to call you? (Interrogative) -o I not !a e to call you? (Interrogative)
"irst %erson

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He !as to call you. (Assertive) He $oes not !a e to call you. (Negative) -oes !e !a e to call you? (Interrogative) -oes !e not !a e to call you? (Interrogative/Negative)
#!ir$ %erson

!. Sim"#e Action:
Subject + MV (1) +Object Or Subject +$o/$oes MV (1) +(s/es) +object Example: I call you. (Assertive) I $o call you. I $o not call you. (Negative) -o I call you? (Interrogative) -o I not call you? (Interrogative/Negative)

$. %outine Action:
Subject+MV (1) +Object A$ erb/A$ erb %!rase

Example:
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I call you regularly. (Assertive) I $o not call you regularly (Negative) -o I call you regularly? (Interrogative) -o I not call you? (Interrogative/Negative)

&. A## time Action:

.!en/.!ene er +subject+MV (1) +Object Sim/le Action (%resent) Example: .!en I call0 I $o not s/ea1 to ot!ers (Assertive) .!en0 I call0 $o I s/ea1 to ot!ers? (Interrogative) .!en I call0 $o I not s/ea1 to ot!ers? (Interrogative/Negative) .!en I s/ea1 to ot!ers0 I $o not call. (Negative)

PAST
1. Intention to do an action Subject++as/+ere+going to +MV (1) +Object

Example:

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I +as going to call you. (Assertive) I +as not going to call you. (Negative) .as I going to call you? (Interrogative) .as I not going to call you? (Interrogative/Negative) 2. Continuous action without mention time: Subject++as/+ere+MV (1) +ing+object Example: I +as calling you. (Assertive) I +as not calling you. (Negative) .as I calling you? (Interrogative) .as I not calling you? (Interrogative/Negative) 3. Continuous action with mention of time: Subject+!a$+benn+MV (1) +Object since/*or (#ime In$icator) Example: I !a$ been calling you *or t+o !ours. (Assertive) I !a$ not been calling you *or t+o !ours. (Negative) Ha$ I been calling you *or t+o !ours? (Interrogative) Ha$ I not been calling you *or t+o !ours? (Interrogative/Negative) 4. Finished Action: Subject + !a$ +MV (,) +Object
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Or Subject +!a$ + MV (,) +Object+3onjuction+Sim/le erb Example: I !a$ calle$ you. (Assertive) I !a$ not calle$ you. (Negative) Ha$ I calle$ you? (Interrogative) Ha$ I not calle$ you? (Interrogative/Negative)

Example: #!e train !a$ le*t be*ore +e reac!e$ t!ere. #!e matc! !a$ starte$ be*ore +e reac!e$ t!e /laygroun$.

5. Simple Action: Subject+MV (') +Object Example: I calle$ you. (Assertive) I $i$ not call you. (Negative) -i$ I call you? (Interrogative) -i$ I not call you? (Interrogative/Negative)

6. Forced Action:

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Subject !a$ to+MV (1) +Object Examples: I !a$ to call you. (Assertive) I $i$ not !a e to call you. (Negative) -i$ I !a e to call you? (Interrogative) -i$ I not !a e to call you? (Interrogative/Negative)

5.

outine Action:

Subject +use$ to +MV (1) +object Example: I use$ to call you. (Assertive) I $i$ not use$ to call you. (Negative) -i$ I use$ to call you? (Interrogative) -i$ I not use$ to call you? (Interrogative/Negative)

F'T'%E
1. Simple Action: Subject ++ill+ MV (1) +Object I +ill call you. (Assertive)
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I +ill not call you. (Negative) .ill I call you? (Interrogative) .ill I not call you? (Interrogative/Negative) 2. Continuous action without mention of time: Subject ++ill be +MV (1) +ing+Object Example: I +ill be calling you. (Assertive) I +ill not be calling you. (Negative) .ill I not be calling you? (Interrogative) .ill I not be calling you? (Interrogative/Negative) 3. Continuous action with mention of time: Subject +ill !a e been+MV (1) +ing+*or (#ime In$icator) Example: I +ill !a e been calling you *ro t+o !ours. (Assertive) I +ill not !a e been calling you *or t+o !ours. (Negative) .ill I !a e been calling you *or t+o !ours? (Interrogative) .ill I not !a e been calling you *or t+o !ours? (Interrogative/Negative) 4. Finished Action: Subject +ill !a e+MV (,) +Object by/+it!in (%re/osition) Example:
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I +ill !a e calle$ you by t+o $ays. (Assertive) I +ill not !a e calle$ you by t+o $ays. (Negative) .ill I !a e calle$ you by t+o $ays? (Interrogative) .ill I not !a e calle$ you by t+o $ays? (Interrogative/Negative) 5. Forced Action: Subject ++ill+ !a e to+MV (1) +Object Example: I +ill !a e to call you. (Assertive) I +ill not !a e to call you. (Negative) .ill I !a e to call you? (Interrogative) .ill I not !a e to call you? (Interrogative/Negative)

()ICE C*AN+E
1. Continuous action without mention of time:
Active7 He is 1illing a tiger. Passive: Assertive7 A tiger is being 1ille$ by !im. Negative7 A tiger is not being 1ille$ by !im Interrogative7 Is a tiger being 1ille$ by !im? Interrogative and Negative7 Is a tiger not being 1ille$ by !im?

2. Simple Action:
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Active: He 1ills a tiger. Passive: A tiger is 1ille$ by !im. (Assertive) A tiger is not 1ille$ by !im. (Negative) Is a tiger 1ille$ by !im? (Interrogative) Is a tiger not 1ille$ by !im? (Interrogative/Negative)

3. Finished Action:
Active: He !as 1ille$ a tiger. Passive: A tiger !as been 1ille$ by !im. (Assertive) A tiger !as not been 1ille$ by !im. (Negative) Has a tiger been 1ille$ by !im? (Interrogative) Has a tiger not been 1ille$ by !im? (Interrogative/Negative)

PAST
1. Continuous Action !ithout mention of time.
Active: He +as rea$ing boo1.

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Passive: A boo1 +as being rea$ing by !im. (Assertive) A boo1 +as not being rea$ing by !im. (Negative) .as a boo1 being rea$ by !im? (Interrogative) .as a boo1 not being rea$ by !im? (Interrogative/Negative)

2. Sim"#e Action:
Active: He rea$ a boo1. Passive: A boo1 +as rea$ by !im. (Assertive) A boo1 +as not rea$ by !im. (Negative) .as a boo1 rea$ by !im? (Interrogative) .as a boo1 not rea$ by !im? (Interrogative/Negative)

3. Finished Action:
Active: He !a$ rea$ a boo1. Passive: A boo1 !a$ been rea$ by !im. (Assertive) A boo1 !a$ not been rea$ by !im. (Negative) Ha$ a boo1 not been rea$ by !im? (Interrogative) Ha$ a boo1 not been rea$ by !im? (Interrogative/Negative)

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F'T'%E
1. Continuous Action !ithout mention of time:
Active: He +ill be rea$ing a boo1. Passive: A boo1 +ill being rea$ by !im. (Assertive) A boo1 +ill not being rea$ by !im. (Negative) .ill a boo1 being rea$ by !im? (Interrogative) .ill a boo1 not being rea$ by !im? (Interrogative/Negative)

2. Simple Action:
Active: He +ill rea$ a boo1. Passive: A boo1 +ill be rea$ by !im. (Assertive) A boo1 +ill not be rea$ by !im. (Negative) .ill a boo1 be rea$ by !im? (Interrogative) .ill a boo1 not be rea$ by !im? (Interrogative/Negative)

3. Finished Action:
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Active: He +ill !a e rea$ a boo1. Passive: A boo1 +ill !a e been rea$ by !im. (Assertive) A boo1 +ill not !a e been rea$ by !im. (Negative) .ill a boo1 !a e been rea$ by !im? (Interrogative) .ill a boo1 not !a e been rea$ by !im? (Interrogative)

INFINITI(E
1. Su"#ect $f a %er": &S.$.%.' #o go is not /ossible *or me. #o learn 9nglis! is not ery easy. #o s+im is goo$ e:ercise #o ta1e e:ercise is goo$ !abit. #o /lay cric1et +as my aim at sc!ool. #o buil$ !ouse +as my $estiny. 2. $"#ect of a (er":
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I +ant to go. I li1e to sing. I +ant to tal1. I li1e to $rin1 3. Compliment of a (er": I am to go. I +as to get my salary .e +ere to isit -el!i. 4. $"#ect $f a preposition: I am about to go. I !a e no;c!oice e:ce/t to go.

PA%TICIP,E
Qs7 I +ent t!ere0 I met !im0 an$ +e too1 $inner0 +e got bac1 to !otel. Ans7 <oing t!ere0 meeting !im0 ta1ing $inner0 +e got bac1 to !otel. =.I +ent S!illong0 I isite$ !ills0 an$ I *oun$ it ery enjoyable. Ans.: <oing to S!illong0 isiting t!e !ills0 I *oun$ it ery enjoyable.

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%age 1)

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%ranab &amc!oom

%age 12

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%ranab &amc!oom

%age 14

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