Perform First Aid for Burns 081-831-1007 Conditions: You see a casualty who is suffering from a burn.

You will need the casualty's first aid packet (emergency trauma dressing or field dressing) and canteen of water. Standards: Give first aid for a burn without causing further injury to the casualty. Eliminate the source of the burn if necessary. !pply a dressing lightly over the burn. "he sides of the dressing are sealed and the dressing does not slip. Performance Steps #. Eliminate the source of the burn. a. "hermal burns. $emove casualty from source of burn. %f the casualty's clothing is on fire cover the casualty with a field jacket or any large piece of nonsynthetic material and roll him&her on the ground to put out the flames. '!("%)*+ ,ynthetic materials such as nylon may melt and cause further injury. b. Electrical burns. %f the casualty is in contact with an electrical source turn the electricity off if the switch is nearby. %f the electricity cannot be turned off drag the casualty away from the source using any nonconductive material (rope clothing or dry wood). -!$*%*G+ .o not touch the casualty or the electrical source with your bare hands. You will be injured too/ -!$*%*G+ 0igh voltage electrical burns from an electrical source or lightning may cause temporary unconsciousness difficulties in breathing or difficulties with the heart (irregular heartbeat). c. 'hemical burns. -!$*%*G+ 1listers caused by a blister agent are actually burns. .o not try to decontaminate skin where blisters have already formed. %f blisters have not formed decontaminate the skin. (#) $emove li2uid chemicals from the burned casualty by flushing with as much water or other nonflammable fluid as possible. (3) $emove dry chemicals by carefully brushing them off with a clean dry cloth. %f large amounts of water are available flush the area. )therwise apply no water. (4) ,mother burning white phosphorus with water a wet cloth or wet mud. 5eep the area covered with the wet material. d. 6aser burns. 7ove the casualty away from the source while avoiding eye contact with the beam source. %f possible wear appropriate laser eye protection. *ote+ !fter the casualty is removed from the source of the burn he&she should be monitored continually for the development of conditions that may re2uire the performance of basic lifesaving measures. 3. (ncover the burn. -!$*%*G+ .o *)" uncover the wound in a chemical environment. E8posure could cause additional harm. a. 'ut clothing covering the burned area. -!$*%*G+ .o *)" attempt to remove clothing that is stuck to the wound. !dditional harm could result. b. Gently lift away clothing covering the burned area. '!("%)*+ .o not pull clothing over the burns. c. %f the casualty's hand(s) or wrist(s) have been burned remove jewelry (rings watches) and place them in his&her pockets. 4. !pply the casualty's dressing to the burn. *ote+ %f the burn is caused by white phosphorus the dressing must be wet. '!("%)*,+ (#) .o not place the dressing over the face or genital area. (3) .o not break the blisters. (4) .o not apply grease or ointments to the burns.

Performance Steps a. !pply the dressing white side down directly over the wound. b. -rap the tails (or the elastic bandage) so that the dressing is covered and both sides are sealed. c. 9or a field dressing tie the tails into a nonslip knot over the outer edge of the dressing not over the wound. 9or an emergency trauma dressing secure the hooking ends of the closure bar into the elastic bandage. d. 'heck to make sure that the dressing is applied lightly over the burn but firmly enough to prevent slipping. *ote+ Electricity often leaves entry and e8it burns. 1oth burns should be treated. *ote+ %f the casualty is conscious and not nauseated give him&her small amounts of water to drink. :. -atch the casualty closely for life;threatening conditions check for other injuries if necessary and treat for shock. ,eek medical aid. Evaluation Preparation: ,etup+ You will need another ,oldier to play the part of the casualty. ,imulate the burn(s) by marking the casualty's body with a suitable material. <rovide materials appropriate for the burn being simulated (piece of rope blanket water dressing or clean cloth). %f a dressing is used use the same one repeatedly. %f an electrical burn is being simulated have the casualty lie on a piece of wire or rope and have enough materials available to treat two simulated burns. 1rief ,oldier+ "ell the ,oldier what is burning the casualty and have the ,oldier take appropriate action. !fter the ,oldier completes step # tell the ,oldier that the casualty is conscious and has no injuries other than burns. -hen testing step 3 you can vary the test by telling the ,oldier that clothing is stuck to the burn or that a chemical environment e8ists. .o not evaluate step : in the simulated mode. Performance easures !" == == == #"-!" == == ==

#. Eliminated the source of the burn. 3. (ncovered the burn unless clothing was stuck to the wound or in a chemical environment. 4. !pplied the casualty's dressing. a. .ressing&pad was applied directly over the wound. b. Edges of dressing&pad were covered. c. 1andage was properly secured. d. .ressing was applied lightly over the burn but firmly enough to prevent slipping. :. -atched the casualty closely for life;threatening conditions checked for other injuries if necessary and treated for shock. ,ought medical aid.

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Evaluation !uidance: ,core the ,oldier G) if all performance measures are passed. ,core the ,oldier *) G) if any performance measure is failed. %f the ,oldier scores *) G) show what was done wrong and how to do it correctly. $eferences $e%uired $elated 97 :;3>.##