Circle Theorem Circle theorem rules: 1.

The angle which an arc of a circle subtends at the centre of a circle is twice the angle it subtends at any point on the remaining part of the circumference. 2. The angle in a semi circle is a right angle 3. Angles in the same segment of a circle and subtended by the same arc are equal. 4. The opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral are supplementary ( adds up to 18 ! ". The e#terior angle of a cyclic quadrilateral is equal to the interior opposite angle. $. The tangent of a circle is perpendicular (% ! to the radius of that circle at the point of contact. &. The lengths of two tangents from an e#ternal point to the points of contact on the circle are equal. 8. The angle between a tangent to a circle and a chord through the point of contact is equal to the angle in the alternate segment. %. The line 'oining the centre of a circle to the midpoint of a chord is perpendicular (% ! to the chord.

Solution a. T() * % ( angles in a semi circle!

b. +T) * % ( tangent is perpendicular to the radius!

c. T), * 23 ( the angle between a tangent and a chord is equal to the angle in the alternate segment!.

d. ,-)*113 ( opposite angles is a cyclic quadrilateral are supplementary. ,ince angle ,T. * % / 23 * $&

,-) * 18 / $& * 113

Solution a. 123 * "1 (the angle between a tangent and a chord is equal to the angle in the alternate segment!.

b. 452 * &8 ,ince 132* &8 and 234* 18 / &8 * 1 2 ( angles on a straight line! 0 452* 18 / 1 2 *&8 ( opposite angles is a cyclic quadrilateral are supplementary!.

Solution i. ii. A67* % ( angle in a semicircle! 8A7 * 3 ( the angle between a tangent and a chord is equal to the angle in the alternate segment. 8.7 * $ ( equal to two angles at the circumference! or ,ince angle 87* % / 3 * $ An angle .78 * $ triangle ( isosceles!

i9.

:67 * 12 ( opposite angles in a cyclic quadrilateral are supplementary! ,ince :87 * $ Then angle :67 * 18 / $ * 12

iii.

Angle 8.7 * 18 / $ / $ * $

Solution i. (T, * $4

,ince .,( * 2$ (alternate angles! ,ince .(, is an isosceles triangle then .(,* 2$ (., * 18 / 2$ / 2$ * 128 (angles in a triangle 0 (T, * ( the angle at the centre is twice the angle at the circumference!

Solution i. 3), * " ( the angle between a tangent and a chord is equal to the angle in the alternate segment!

Then angle x * 18 / % / 4" * 4" ii. The diagram A:67 is a square all the angles are % ,ince the triangles are isosceles and similar then all the sides are equal.

ii. iii. Triangle ,T) is an isosceles triangle. ,ince angle ,T) * 11 0 T,) * T), *

(the lengths of two tangent from an e#ternal point to the points of contact on the circle are equal.

0since ,)T * 3" then angle ,3) * 3" Then 3,) * 18 / 3" / " * %" (Angles in a triangle!

i9.

3)5 * 3" (alternate angles!

9.

345 * 14" ( opposite angles is a cyclic quadrilateral are supplementary!

,olution :T( * % ( angle formed with a tangent and a radius! :AT * % ( angle in a semicircle! A:T * " ,ince ; :T( is a right angle triangle then A:T * 18 / 4 / % * " A6T* " (angles in the same segment are equal.! Solution i. ,ince angle :67 * % (angles in a semicircle! ,ince triangle 6:7 * 4"

* 21cm2 ii. the area of the sector .67 * >ence the area of the shades region is 3".4 / 21 * 14.4cm2 ?n the diagram below@ A.T 7-A3A T. ,6AB8@ () is a tangent to the circle (T,-@ so that angle -()* 4$ and angle -) ( * 32 and T-) is a straight line.

6alculate@ gi9ing a reason for each step of your answer i. ii. ,olution a. +67 * 48 ,ince ;.67 is an isosceles triangle then angle .67* ,ince angle .6+* % ( angle form witha tangent and a radius! Then angle +67 * % / 42 * 48 iii. Angle PTR Angle TPR Angle TSR RQP -

ii. 6+7 * 84 ( the lengths of two tangents from an e#ternal point to points on the circle are equal! hence the triangle +67 is isosceles 0 18 < 48 / 48 * 84

b. Area * = cdsin. * = # $." # $." # sin %$