Luis M. Aroche February 14, 2013 Annotated Resources Cohort N Alexander, Michelle.

The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness. New York: The New Press, 2012. Alexander, an associate professor of law at Ohio State University, a civil rights advocate and a writer, declares that we have not ended racial caste in America; we have merely redesigned it. As she sets forth the case that the old functions of Jim Crow the legal exclusion of African Americans from civil rights to voting, housing, e!ual employment opportunities, etc; are now accomplished through the mass incarceration and su"se!uent stripping of legal rights of "lac# and "rown people at rates that are far disproportionate to their participation in criminal activity. $ass incarceration, in its essence, creates and maintains racial hierarchy much as earlier systems of social control through %a tightly networ#ed system of laws, policies, customs, and institutions that operate collectively to ensure the su"ordinate status of a group defined largely "y race.% She descri"es how the so called %&ar on 'rugs% operates to strip people of rights, shows how racial disparities in criminal (ustice outcomes are not explaina"le in terms of crime rates, demonstrates the systems of discrimination that face those released from prison, examines parallels "etween this system and the old Jim Crow system of legal discrimination, and challenges those who care a"out civil rights to come to grips with the implications of this new caste system. Barak, Geogory. Violence and Nonviolence: Pathways to Understanding !ondon. age, 200! )ara#, a professor of criminology and criminal (ustice and former department head of sociology, anthropology, and criminology at *astern $ichigan University, examines virtually all forms of violence+from ver"al a"use to genocide+and treats all of these expressions of violence as interpersonal, institutional, and structural occurrences. ,n the context of recovery and nonviolence, )ara# addresses peace and conflict studies, legal rights, social (ustice, and various nonviolent movements. *mploying an interdisciplinary framewor#, )ara# emphasi-es the importance of culture, media, sexuality, gender, and social structure in developing a comprehensive theory of these two separate, "ut insepara"le phenomena. Gillian, "a#es. Preventing Violence. New York: Tha#es $ %&dson. 2001 .illigan is an American psychiatrist and author, /he wor# of James .illigan has "een fundamental to my understanding of the emotional aspect of violence. ,n his wor# Preventing Violence, .illigan spea#s of the importance of respect, dignity, and self worth in cur"ing violence. &hile his wor# focuses primarily on socio psychology as it relates to individual "ehavior, he extrapolates his claims to encompass entire societies. 0e suggests that the causes of violence committed "y individuals can "e used to diagnose society wide violence. .illigan "egins his wor# "y recounting his experiences doing

Luis M. Aroche February 14, 2013 Annotated Resources Cohort N psychotherapeutic wor# with violent criminals. 0e writes, 1, was surprised to discover that , #ept getting the same answer when , as#ed one man after another why he had assaulted or even #illed someone2 13)ecause he disrespected me45 6789. /hrough these interactions, .illigan arrived at the hypothesis that disrespect, loss of dignity, and humiliation were fundamental causes of violence. Pranis, 'ay. The !ittle "oo# of Circle Processes ( A: Good Books P&)lishing. 200* :ranis, the ;estorative Justice :lanner for the $innesota 'epartment of Corrections, writes a"out Circles processes which draws on <ative American traditions and ancient teachings, "ut different types of circles have come into use today for a variety of purposes. :eacema#ing Circles are used in neigh"orhoods to provide support for those harmed "y crime and to decide sentences for those who commit crime, in schools to create positive classroom climates and resolve "ehavior pro"lems, in the wor#place to deal with conflict, and in social services to develop more organic support systems for people struggling to get their lives together./he philosophy of circles also emphasi-es connectedness. /he four relational elements of a circle are "ased on the $edicine &heel. As well as providing an overview of values, historical context, and components of circles, :ranis4 "oo# discusses ways that circles may "e organi-ed. Several examples of various types also reflect the importance of story telling in circle process. +es,ora,i-e "&s,ice .nline: htt$:%%www restorative&'stice org% ;estorative Justice Online serves many different audiences from practitioners to law ma#ers to university students. =or example; the 1>egislative Assem"ly5 ta" provides information, news and resources needed "y legislators, policy analysts, and others who are interested in incorporating restorative (ustice into pu"lic policy. /he content descri"es the policy arguments for restorative (ustice as well as the issues it raises. ,t also provides and overview of outcome research as that relates to considerations a"out where and how to incorporate it into the criminal (ustice system. /here are also lin#s to inter governmental policy documents on the use of restorative (ustice and to examples of legislation incorporating it into the (ustice system. /he ;J >i"rary contains over 8,?@@ citations and a"stracts for articles, "oo#s, technical documents, and other pu"lications related to restorative (ustice. /he entries are fully searcha"le "y title, author, and all fields 6including the a"stract9. $any of these are lin#ed to full text copies of the entries. /an Ness, 0aniel and ,rong, 'aren %ee,derks. +es,oring "&s,ice, econd 1di,ion. 2incinna,i: Anderson P&)lishing 2o. 2002. Aan <ess, *xecutive 'irector of the Centre for Justice and ;econciliation, has "een active in criminal (ustice issues for over B@ years, as a lawyer, advocate, writer and teacher. Strong, Chair of the )oard of 'irectors at :eacema#er $inistries, offers a clear and convincing explanation of restorative (ustice, a movement within criminal (ustice 2

Luis M. Aroche February 14, 2013 Annotated Resources Cohort N with growing worldwide influence. ,t explores the "road appeal of this new vision and offers a "rief history of its development. /he "oo# presents a theoretical foundation for the principles and values of restorative (ustice and develops its four cornerpost ideas of encounter, amends, inclusion and reintegration. After exploring how restorative (ustice ideas and values may "e integrated into policy and practice, it presents a series of #ey issues commonly raised a"out restorative (ustice, summari-ing various perspectives on each. (#)rei,, M.,/os. B, +.,Brown, '. (acing Violence: A Path of )estorative J'stice and *ialog'e ( A: 3illow Tree Press, 200!. 'r. Um"reit is a :rofessor and founding 'irector of the Center for ;estorative Justice C :eacema#ing at the University of $innesota, School of Social &or#, tells the stories of courageous victims and offenders who have participated in facilitated dialogue in the aftermath of violent crimes. /he "oo# reports findings "y a University of $innesota research team that such victimDoffender dialogue programs, when carefully supervised "y trained facilitators, have usually resulted in life transforming emotional healing for "oth parties. /he "oo# distills results of interviews with victims, offenders and staff mem"ers in two pioneering victimDoffender dialogue programs in /exas and Ohio. 3ei,eka#4, 1., 'erner, %. )estorative J'stice+ Theoritical (o'ndations. (': 3illan P&)lishing. 2002. &eite#amp is a restorative (ustice pioneer in .ermany. 0e currently serves as :rofessor of Criminology, Aictimology and ;estorative Justice in the 'epartment of Criminal >aw and Criminology at Eatholie#e Universiteit in >euven, )elgium. Eerner, 'irector of Criminology and full professor at the faculty of law, University of /ue"ingen, .ermany; "rings together a selection of papers originally presented and discussed at the fourth international restorative (ustice conference, held at the University of /ue"ingen. /he contri"utors include many of the leading authorities in the field of restorative (ustice, and they provide a comprehensive review of the theoretical foundations underlying this rapidly expanding movement. ;estorative Justice2 /heoretical foundations addresses a wide range of fundamental !uestions a"out restorative (ustice, considering amongst other things ways in which conceptual pitfalls can "e avoided, and how traditional models of peacema#ing and healing developed in traditional societies can "e integrated into the (ustice systems of late modern societies. 5ehr, %oward. The !ittle "oo# of )estorative J'stice PA: Good)ooks. 2002 Fehr, is :rofessor of ;estorative Justice at *astern $ennonite UniversityGs Center for Justice and :eace "uilding in 0arrison"urg, Airginia, explores the many implications of this approach. /his "oo# is intended as a "rief description or overview of restorative (ustice. Although the "oo# outline some of the programs and practices or restorative (ustice, the focus of this "oo# is especially on the principles or philosophy of restorative (ustice. /he "oo# is intended for those who have heard the term and are curious a"out 3

Luis M. Aroche February 14, 2013 Annotated Resources Cohort N what it implies. ,t is a small effort to help "ring clarity a"out where ;estorative Justice should "e headed.

5inn, %oward. Violence and ,'man Nat're 0eclara,ions o6 7nde4endence. New York: %ar4er 2ollins.1880 Finn was an American academic historian, author, playwright, and social activist, points that even if humans are capa"le of violent "ehavior, it is social conditions that harness that cruelty. 0e warns us to steer clear of the widespread notion that humans are "iologically predisposed to violence and warfare.$r. Finn starts off "y using an arsenal of famous thin#ers, pointing out their pessimistic views and "elieves on human "ehavior. Aiews "ased on no concrete evidence that we humans are "orn with this trait called violence. Finn starts off using $achiavelliGs positive view in the %/he :rince% that humans tend to "e "ad. Finn add great minds such as *instein and =reud and their correspondence to illustrate their own views on the su"(ect, and their conclusions that humans are violent "y nature.