Chemistry 6A: General Chemistry C.

Hoeger

University of California, San Diego Fall 2013

6A Midterm 2 PRACTICE
This is a practice Exam and is taken from a number of REAL Exams. Some problems you may not be able to do due to the depth material that was covered in previous years; try them anyway. ALSO BE AWARE THAT JUST BECAUSE SOMETHING IS NOT ON THIS EXAM DOES NOT MEAN IT WONT BE ON THE REAL THING! Pretend it is your real exam and take it as if it were one! This will be the best practice you can have. REMEMBER: A proper Lewis Structure MUST also include formal charges for all atoms that have them! Please note: NO answers for this will be provided.

VERSION: A

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Part 1. Calculation/Short Answer Problems (Values as shown). All work for the following must be done in THIS TEST BOOKLET. Answers with no work will receive zero points. Your work must be clear and logical AND SHOWN to receive maximum (OR ANY) credit. A. (10 pts) Complete the following table: No. of Unpaired electrons in ground state

Element or Ion Fe+4

Electron Configuration (use shorthand notation) [Ne]3s23p4 (neutral atom)

Se [Ar]4s13d5 (neutral atom) Sb+5 B. Consider the following ionization energies (IEn) for aluminum: Energy (kJ/mol) 580 1815 2740 11600

IE1 IE2 IE3 IE4

a) (4 pts) Explain the large increase between IE3 and IE4. b) (4 pts) Which of the four ions of aluminium would you predict has the greatest electron affinity? Explain. c) (4 pts) Which of the four aluminium ions would you expect to be the largest? Explain (scientific please).

C. Consider a one-electron atom or ion undergoing a transition from n = 2 to n = 4. a) Calculate the wavelength of the photon expected for this transition in a hydrogen atom. b) Calculate the energy expected (in kJ/mol) if 2.25 g of hydrogen atoms underwent this transition. c) Calculate the wavelength of the photon expected for this transition in a Li+2 ion. d) Calculate the energy expected (in kJ/mol) if 2.25 g of lithium +2 ions underwent this transition. e) Comparing your answer with part b, why or why not does it make sense (scientific reason, please). D. Draw all possible Lewis Structures for AsO33-. For each tell what its electronic geometry and its molecular geometry are. E. Ozone (O3) has two possible structural forms: one is cyclic and the other is non-cyclic. a) Draw all possible non-cyclic forms. Circle the most favored structure(s). b) Draw all possible cyclic forms of ozone. c) Although you can draw an acceptable Lewis structure for cyclic ozone, it does not exist in real life. Give an explanation as to why.

VERSION: A Part 2. Multiple Choice Problems (5 Points each).

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1. What is the wavelength of light that is emitted when an excited electron in the hydrogen atom falls from n=5 to n=2? A) 5.12 ! 107 m D) 5.82 ! 107 m B) 4.34 ! 107 m E) none of these C) 6.50 ! 107 m

2. Use the Rydberg equation to calculate the frequency of a photon absorbed when the hydrogen atom undergoes a transition from n1 = 2 to n2 = 4. (!h = 1.096776 ! 107 m-1) a. 2.056 ! 106 s-1 d. 8.226 ! 1014 s-1 b. 2.742 ! 106 s-1 e. > 1015 s-1 c. 6.165 ! 1014 s-1

3. What is the wavelength of light that is emitted when an excited electron in the hydrogen atom falls from n=5 to n=2? A) 5.12 ! 107 m D) 5.82 ! 107 m B) 4.34 ! 107 m E) none of these C) 6.50 ! 107 m

4. Which of the following is not determined by the principal quantum number, n, of the electron in a hydrogen atom? a) the energy of the electron b) the minimum wavelength of the light needed to remove the electron from the atom. c) the size of the corresponding atomic orbital(s) d) the shape of the corresponding atomic orbital(s) e) All of these are determined by n. 5. Which of the following combinations of quantum numbers is not allowed? n 1 3 2 4 4 l 1 0 1 3 2 m (l) 0 0 1 2 0 m(s) 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2

a) b) c) d) e)

6. (5 pts) For the reaction: AgI(s) + (1/2)Br2(g) " AgBr(s) + (1/2)I2(s) #H = -54.0 kJ

Given that #Hf for AgBr(s) = -100.4 kJ/mol and #Hf for Br2(g) = +30.9 kJ/mol, the value of #Hf for AgI(s) is: a) -123.5 kJ/mol d) -77.3 kJ/mol b) +77.3 kJ/mol e) -61.8 kJ/mol c) +61.8 kJ/mol

7. (3 pts) The wavelike character of ordinary objects like a thrown baseball cannot be detected because a) their kinetic energy is too small. c) of the uncertainty principle. e) their wavelengths are so short. b) their wavelengths are so long. d) their frequencies are so small.

8.Which of the following exhibits the correct orders for both atomic radius and ionization energy, respectively? a) S, O, F, and F, O, S d) F, O, S, and S, O, F b) F, S, O, and O, S, F e) none of these c) S, F, O, and S, F, O

VERSION: A 9. Which of the following concerning second IE's is true?

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a) That of Al is higher than that of Mg because Mg wants to lose the second electron, so it is easier to take the second electron away. b) That of Al is higher than that of Mg because the electrons are taken from the same energy level, but the Al atom has one more proton. c) That of Al is lower than that of Mg because Mg wants to lose the second electron, thus the energy change is greater. d) That of Al is lower than that of Mg because the second electron taken from Al is in a p orbital, thus it is easier to take. e) The second ionization energies are equal for Al and Mg. 10. The de Broglie equation predicts that the wavelength (in m) of a proton moving at 1000. m/s is a. 3.96 ! 10-10 m b. 3.96 ! 10-7 m c. 2.52 ! 106 m d. 2.52 ! 109 m e. > 1010 m

11. The orientation in space of an atomic orbital is associated with a. the principal quantum number (n). c. the magnetic quantum number (ml). e. none of the above. b. the angular momentum quantum number (l). d. the spin quantum number (ms).

12. Elements with ________________ first ionization energies and ___________ electron affinities generally form cations. a. low, very negative c. low, positive or slightly negative e. None of the above is generally correct. b. high, positive or slightly negative d. high, very negative

13. Calculate the number of oxygen atoms in 29.34 g of sodium sulfate, Na2SO4. a. 1.244 ! 1023 O atoms c. 2.409 ! 1024 O atoms e. 1.166 ! 1025 O atoms b. 4.976 ! 1023 O atoms d. 2.915 ! 1024 O atoms

14. For the elements Cs, F, and Cl, the order of increasing electronegativity is: a) F < Cl < Cs b) Cs < Cl < F c) Cl < Cs < F d) F < Cs < Cl e) none of these 15. Which bond is most likely to be nonionic? a) Sc-O b) Cs-F c) Li-I d) Ge-S e) Sr-N 16. Which of the following has the smallest radius? + a) Cl b) K c) Cr

d) Al

3+

e) Ar

LAST NOTE: I do not know if this test is long or short compared to the real exam. Assume it is shorter than the real thing.