Wimax - Interns Report

Internship Report
On
“DISHA” – DEVELOPMENT, MAPPING AND

CONSOLIDATION OF MARKET RESEARCH
FOR WiMAX
Submitted In Partial Fulfilment Of The

Requirement for the Award of Degree of MBA
Submitted By:-
ABHISHEK SHARMA
MBA/JAN/2008
Centre Name: IBSAR , MUMBAI
Master Of Business Administration, TMV University, Pune

IBSAR (Institute of Business Studies and Research)
Campus, C.B.D. Belapur, Navi Mumbai
TILAK MAHARASHTRA UNIVERSITY, GULTEKDI, PUNE, 411037 Page 1

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to convey my heartiest gratitude to several people, for their support
and guidance which helped me complete my Summer Internship.
First and foremost I would like to thank TATA COMMUNICATION for

giving me an opportunity to do my internship in their esteemed organization.
My special appreciation extends to the Mr. ATIQUE for his constant
encouragement throughout this period, who instructed me with the work
procedures and dealt with us with patience at all times.
My special thank to Mr. JIKKU JOSEPH, Head of MSG Team & Mr.
HARDIK PATEL, Mr. RAVI KAPOOR, Mr. RAVIRAJ & Mr. BITIN
BISWAS coordinator of MSG team.
I would also like to thank our Placement Cell, & Project Guide Mr. Deb
Burman for their guidance and unflinching support throughout the phases of
my Internship.
My special thanks to my co-student of my institute who being a part of the same

internship, supported me throughout my Internship and with whose help I could
complete my work efficiently and effectively. Their consistent help kept me
motivated and going.
Last but not the least, my endless appreciation goes to my family who has stood
by my side and given me moral support whenever I was low and boosted my
will power.
Thank You!

CONTENTS
CHAPTERS Executive Summary 4
Introduction 5
CHAPTER 1 Rationale For the Study 10
CHAPTER 2 Objective & Scope Of Study 14
CHAPTER 3 Company’s Profile 18
CHAPTER 4 Review Of Literature 25
CHAPTER 5 Research Methodology 31
CHAPTER 6 Data Analysis and interpretation 41
CHAPTER 7 Findings 52
CHAPTER 8 Limitations 56
Suggestions, 60
CHAPTER 9 APPENDIX - Questionnaires & Bibliography 61

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
TATA COMMUNICATION
This internship report consists of the overall experience of market research

working as a part of TATA COMMUNICATION .This experience helped me to
understand the basic functioning of the organization where I was inducted.
My Internship program –
Project Title: - “DISHA” – DEVELOPMENT, MAPPING AND

CONSOLIDATION OF MARKET RESEARCH FOR WIMAX
The best learning experience was that I started from the very basics of getting to
that position and not from the position itself. This helped me get useful insight
and understanding of market research,
Training sessions were held to give me insights about How to do market survey,
how to collect primary data from consumer, how to do analysis of data. tele
calling & preparation of manual for this project
I also learnt how to work in market for such a nice company Tata
communication which enhanced my knowledge, analytical power and
communication.

INTRODUCTION
Tata Communications Limited, formerly known as Videsh Sanchar Nigam

Limited or VSNL, is India's largest telecommunication company in
international long distance, enterprise data and internet services. Part of the Tata
Group, Tata Communications Limited along with its global subsidiaries (Tata
Communications) is a leading global provider of the new world of
communications.
With a reported target of 40 cities and 300 towns, TATA

COMMUNICATIONS LTD has major plans for the expansion of its WIMAX
services in India.
We conduct market research for WiMAX.
WIMAX
WiMAX, meaning Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, is a

telecommunication technology that provides wireless transmission of data using
a variety of transmission modes, from point-to-multipoint links to portable and
fully mobile internet access. The technology provides up to 3 Mbit/s broadband
speed without the need for cables. The technology is based on the Broadband
Wireless Access. The name "WiMAX" was created by the WiMAX Forum,
which was formed in June 2001 to promote conformity and interoperability of
the standard. The forum describes WiMAX as "a standards-based technology
enabling the delivery of last mile wireless broadband access as an alternative to
cable and DSL

Tata Communications Rolls Out World's Largest Commercial WiMAX
Network with Telsima
Over 5000 Enterprise and Retail customers already up in ten cities; Aggressive
plans to capture 200,000 customers in retail segment alone in FY 2009
Bangalore unwired for Retail customers; over 600 base station sectors deployed
and radiating
Plans to roll out WiMAX in 110 cities for Enterprise and 15 Cities for Retail
Segment by 2008
Telsima WiMAX solutions selected for the largest deployment; 3000 base
station sectors being deployed
Telsima WiMAX solutions selected based on advanced wireless technologies;

Largest WiMAX STC/MRC network ever deployed
Tata Communications, a leading global provider of a new world of

communications, has selected Telsima Corporation, a global player in WiMAX
systems to provide WiMAX solutions for Tata Communications broadband
wireless network in India. Tata Communications is the first to launch broadband
services on the WiMAX platform on a large scale for retail consumers in India.
In the initial phase, Tata Communications' WiMAX network will offer

Broadband Internet access and content services to enterprise and residential
customers in Delhi, Mumbai, Pune, Bangalore, Chennai, Hyderabad, Cochin,
Chandigarh, and Kolkata. By the end of 2008 Tata Communications plans to
have enabled WiMAX retail broadband service in about 15 cities.
"Given the pent up demand for broadband Internet access, this extensive
WiMAX network deployment by Tata Communications and Telsima has the

potential to dramatically accelerate the adoption of true broadband services by
thousands of businesses and millions of consumers in a short period of time
throughout India", said Berge Ayvazian, Chief Strategy Officer of Yankee
Group. This wireless broadband network deployment will have an even more
profound impact on the country's educational and economic development, and
could rapidly enhance worker productivity, facilitate electronic commerce and
improve the quality of health care services."
In support of Tata Communications' broadband wireless network, Telsima

provided a comprehensive WiMAX solution including base station and
subscriber station systems, customer provisioning system and Network
Management System (NMS).
USES OF WIMAX:-
The bandwidth and range of WiMAX make it suitable for the following
potential applications:
• Connecting Wi-Fi hotspots to the Internet.
• Providing a wireless alternative to cable and DSL for "last mile"

broadband access.
• Providing data and telecommunications services.
• Providing a source of Internet connectivity as part of a business

continuity plan. That is, if a business has a fixed and a wireless Internet
connection, especially from unrelated providers, they are unlikely to be affected
by the same service outage.
• Providing portable connectivity.

Broadband access
Companies are closely examining WiMAX for last mile connectivity. The
resulting competition may bring lower pricing for both home and business
customers or bring broadband access to places where it has been economically
unavailable.
Subscriber units (Client Units)
WiMAX subscriber units are available in both indoor and outdoor versions from
several manufacturers. Self-install indoor units are convenient, but radio losses
mean that the subscriber must be significantly closer to the WiMAX base
station than with professionally-installed external units. As such, indoor-
installed units require a much higher infrastructure investment as well as
operational cost (site lease, backhaul, maintenance) due to the high number of
base stations required to cover a given area. Indoor units are comparable in size
to a cable modem or DSL modem. Outdoor units are roughly the size of a laptop
PC, and their installation is comparable to the installation of a residential
satellite dish.
With the potential of mobile WiMAX, there is an increasing focus on portable

units. This includes handsets (similar to cellular smartphones), PC peripherals
(PC Cards or USB dongles), and embedded devices in laptops, such as are now
available for Wi-Fi. In addition, there is much emphasis from operators on
consumer electronics devices (game terminals, MP3 players and the like. it is
notable this is more similar to Wi-Fi than to 3G cellular technologies.

CHALLENGES OF WiMAX
• Spectrum allocation issues.

• The 802.16 specification applies across a wide RF spectrum and WiMAX
could function on any frequency below 66GHz,(higher frequencies would
decrease the range of a base station to a few hundred meters in an urban
environment).
COMPARISON WITH Wi-Fi
Comparisons and confusion between WiMAX and Wi-Fi are frequent because
both are related to wireless connectivity and Internet access.
• WiMAX uses spectrum to deliver a point-to-point connection to the

Internet. Different 802.16 standards provide different types of access, from
portable (similar to a cordless phone) to fixed (an alternative to wired access,
where the end user's wireless termination point is fixed in location.)
• Wi-Fi uses unlicensed spectrum to provide access to a network. Wi-Fi is

more popular in end user devices.
• WiMAX and Wi-Fi have quite different Quality of Service (QoS)

mechanisms. WiMAX uses a mechanism based on connections between the
Base Station and the user device. Each connection is based on specific
scheduling algorithms. Wi-Fi has a QoS mechanism similar to fixed Ethernet,
where packets can receive different priorities based on their tags. For example
VoIP(Voice over internet provider) traffic may be given priority over web
browsing.

CHAPTER-1
RATIONALE FOR THE STUDY

RATIONALE FOR THE STUDY
WiMAX is a standards-based wireless technology that provides high throughput

broadband connections over long distances. The Rationale for the study has
many points, in other words we can say there is a lot of point for using Wimax
technology in today’s world.
WiMAX is similar to the wireless standard known as Wi-Fi, but on a much

larger scale and at faster speeds. A nomadic version would keep WiMAX-
enabled devices connected over large areas, much like today’s cell phone.
WiMAX is based on IEEE 802.16 IEEE standards.
Wi-Fi typically provides local network access for around a few hundred feet
with speeds of up to 54 Mbps, a single WiMAX antenna is expected to have a
range of up to 40 miles with speeds of 70 Mbps or more. As such, WiMAX can
bring the underlying Internet connection needed to service local Wi-Fi
networks.
Wi-Fi is intended for LAN applications, users scale from one to tens with one
subscriber for each CPE device. Fixed channel sizes (20MHz).WiMAX is
designed to efficiently support from one to hundreds of Consumer premises
equipments (CPE)s, with unlimited subscribers behind each CPE. Flexible
channel sizes from 1.5MHz to 20MHz.
WiMAX works at 5 bps/Hz and can peak up to 100 Mbps in a 20 MHz channel.
As such, WiMAX can bring the underlying Internet connection needed to

service local Wi-Fi networks. Wi-Fi does not provide ubiquitous broadband
while WiMAX does.

For Consumers
• Consumers can receive services in areas with little infrastructure,

developed countries, rural & hard-to-service areas.
• Increased number of players in the market which means options.
• Quick “trickle down” effect of cost savings to consumers.
For Service Providers
• Enables a lower initial CAPEX investment.

• Eliminates commitment to a single vendor, a typical by-product of
• The proprietary technology model.
• Wireless systems significantly reduce operator investment risk.
For Component Makers
• Standardization creates a volume opportunity for chip set vendors.

The main reasons to implement this technology are:
• To provide customers a more reliable and secure network.

• To eliminate the role of wired technology in the connectivity which is far
difficult to implement in remote areas?
• To be in contact with the customers directly and handle them according to
the company’s policy, i.e. customer satisfaction is the priority of
marketing.
• To grow up in the market with more numbers of customers with the help
of technology.

Wimax

CHAPTER – 2
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
Project title: -
“DISHA” – DEVELOPMENT, MAPPING AND CONSOLIDATION OF

MARKET RESEARCH FOR WIMAX
Market research is a systematic way to collect information and get knowledge

out of it with a methodology so that the derived knowledge can be used to make
decision.
Market research give a clear understanding business competition (among

customer, product and industry), business environment.
It is very important to know that the allocation of different experts from
different branches is a top level decision. Because at one hands there are many
advantage of allocating outsider while on other hands some disadvantage also
exist. But for the proper data collection it is vital to balance between both.
It is known fact that the better decision making largely depends upon the
diversity in the Market Survey Group. We also know that only one wrong
decision can damage the whole business. To avoid it the market survey group is
necessary.
Project brief
• Objective of this project is to create a key market information on a geo-

referenced database.
• Develop initial hypothesis of high-priority sub regions and design MSG
• Prepare an approach map along with data points to be captured during the
first pass in Mumbai.

• Carry out minimal contact survey during primary pilot, use surrogate data
points and validation of data inputs collected.
• To know the competitors of this industry
Measuring the potential of market
Market potential is the limit approached by market demand as industry

marketing expenditures approach infinity for a given marketing environment.
Organization special interest in the product penetration percentage, which is the
percentage of ownership or use of a product or service in a population.
Organizations assume that the lower the product – penetration percentage, the
higher the market potential. Through this project organization will be able to
know about their target customers, the overall customer profile and choices. To
know about the market potential this project is very vital and necessary. It is
important for organization because before launching new product or services in
market, the potential market should be known by organization. Otherwise, in
case, if the product fails, the huge loss of money and resources will be suffered
by the organization.
Competitors of industry
The second most important objective of this project is to identify the market
threats in the form of competitors. The data of project clearly pointed out the
name and number of competitors in a particular territory. The knowledge about
the competitors is a prerequisite for organizational planning. Through this
project it is clear that MTNL (MAHANAGAR TELEPHONE NIGAM
LIMITED) is a prominent competitor of TATA COMMUNICATION. The
other competitors are reliance, sify, airtel etc.

Strategy making
Strategy is defined as the course of action with general approach an organisation

will follow to achieve its goals. The overall knowledge of market, competitors
will enables to the organization to establish the long term as well as short term
strategy.
SCOPE OF STUDY
• This project will be of great help for the company as the findings will
help the organization for improving their system and approach.
• This project helps us to identify the market potential for WiMAX, which
is an internet service. WiMAX provide a more reliable and secure
network to their customer.
• This project study also gives idea about business competition.
• This study also focuses on studying the various techniques adopted by the
organisation to retain the new technology (WiMAX).

CHAPTER – 3
COMPANY PROFILE

COMPANY PROFILE
TATA GROUP
Tata group of industries has become one of the biggest business groups in the
world with annual revenue of US$ 62.5 billion and a force to reckon with.
Today we will see and analyze the history of the Tata group and its various
other aspects.
Tata Group is the largest private corporate group in India and has been
recognized as one of the most respected companies in the world over the years.
It has interests in steel, automobiles, information technology, communication,
power, tea and hotels. The Tata Group has operations in more than 85 countries
across six continents and its companies export products and services to 80
nations. The Tata Group comprises 98 companies in seven business sectors, 27
of which are publicly listed. 65.8% of the ownership of Tata Group is held in
charitable trusts. Companies which form a major part of the group include Tata
Steel, Corus Steel, Tata Motors, Tata Consultancy Services, Tata Technologies,
Tata Tea, Titan Industries, Tata Power, Tata Communications, Tata
Teleservices, Tata Auto Comp Systems Limited and the Taj Hotels.
The group takes the name of its founder, Jamsedji Tata, a member of whose
family has almost invariably been the chairman of the group. The current
chairman of the Tata group is Ratan Tata, who took over from J. R. D. Tata in
1991 and is currently one of the major international business figures in the age
of globosity .The company is currently in its fifth generation of family
stewardship. Now, let us look at certain aspects of Tata group apart from is
business aspect.The Tata Group has, over the past decade-and-a-half, changed
more than ever before in its long and illustrious history. Rejuvenating existing
businesses, entering new ones, manufacturing breakthrough products and

expanding into foreign markets are among the initiatives the Group has
undertaken with vigor during this period.
TATA COMMUNICATION
Tata Communications Limited, formerly known as Videsh Sanchar Nigam

Limited orVSNL, is India's largest telecommunication company in international
long distance, enterprise data and internet services. Part of the Tata Group, Tata
Communications Limited along with its global subsidiaries (Tata
Communications) is a leading global provider of the new world of
communications. The company leverages its Tata Global Network, vertical
intelligence and leadership in emerging markets, to deliver value-driven,
globally managed solutions to the Fortune 1000 and mid-sized enterprises,
service providers and consumers.
The Tata Communications portfolio includes transmission, IP, converged voice,

mobility, managed network connectivity, hosted data centre, communications
solutions and business transformation services to global and Indian enterprises
& service providers as well as, broadband and content services to Indian
consumers. The Tata Global Network encompasses one of the most advanced
and largest submarine cable networks, a Tier-1 IP network, connectivity to more
than 200 countries across 300 PoPs and more feet data centre space. Tata
Communications serves its customers from its offices in 80 cities in 40
countries worldwide. Tata Communications has a strategic investment in South
African operator Neotel, providing the company with a strong anchor to build
an African footprint.

The number one global international wholesale voice operator and number one
provider of International Long Distance, Enterprise Data and Internet Services
in India, the company was named "Best Wholesale Carrier" at the World
Communications Awards in 2006 and was named the "Best Pan-Asian
Wholesale Provider" at the 2007 Capacity Magazine Global Wholesale
Telecommunications Awards for the second consecutive year.
Becoming the leading integrated provider to drive and deliver a new world of
communications, Tata Communications became the unified global brand for
VSNL, VSNL International, Teleglobe, Tata Indicom Enterprise Business Unit
and CIPRIS on February 13, 2008.
Tata Communications Ltd. is a part of the $29 billion Tata Group; it is listed on
the Bombay Stock Exchange and the National Stock Exchange of India and its
ADRs are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE: TCL).
Corporate Profile of Tata Communication
Srinath Narasimhan
Managing Director & CEO, Tata Communications
Srinath Narasimhan is the Managing Director and CEO of Tata

Communications (formerly VSNL), part of the $62.5 billion Tata Group.
Mr. Srinath has over 20 years experience within the Tata Group, having held
various positions in project management, sales and marketing, as well as
significant corporate functions in several Tata companies. Mr. Srinath has been
responsible for spearheading new projects in high-technology areas such as
process automation and control, computers and telecommunications and was an
instrumental figure early in the launch of the Tata Group's CDMA services.

Vinod Kumar
President and COO, Tata Communications
As President of Global Data & Mobility Solutions for Tata Communications,

part of the $62.5 billion Tata Group, Mr. Kumar is responsible for expanding
Tata Communications' roadmap and charter into the global communications
market. Enhancing the service capabilities and customer-facing activities in
strategic markets beyond the shores of India, in a nutshell, sums up his mandate.
In addition to heading these strategic initiatives, Mr. Kumar is also responsible

for the Wholesale Data, Global Mobile and International Enterprise lines of
business, and for meeting the company's ambitious targets. Mr. Kumar is also a
Director on the Board of Tata Communications Limited.
Michel Guyot
President, Global Voice Solutions, Tata Communications
Michel Guyot is President, Global Voice Solutions for Tata Communications,

part of the $62.5 billion Tata Group. In this position, he is responsible for
worldwide Voice activities for the group, encompassing the management of
domestic voice operations in India.
Mr. Guyot has over 25 years of international telecommunications experience

and has held a number of key executive positions. Prior to taking on his current
position, Mr. Guyot was Teleglobe’s Vice-President of International Markets,
responsible for the company’s International Sales organization and commercial
activities for Europe, the Middle East, Africa and Asia-Pacific. Among other
positions, Mr. Guyot has also served as Teleglobe’s Executive Director of
Marketing as well as Vice-President Europe.
Culture in Tata Communication:-
Our People:
Our global office holds talent from six continents. Our vast pool of expertise in
the communications and technology sectors embody our commitment to
conduct ethical and sustainable business. Tata Communications continues a
tradition of developing and deploying innovative solutions for existing and
emerging markets worldwide. Our international team reflects the dynamic and
diverse market Tata Communications serves.
Our Values:
Service and business at Tata Communications is guided by a commitment to

ethical and responsible conduct.
• Integrity: Trust travels

we must conduct our business fairly, with honesty and transparency.
Everything we do must stand the test of public scrutiny.
• Understanding: Open the world

we must be caring, show respect, compassion and humanity for our
colleagues and customers around the world, and always work for the
benefit of the communities we serve.
• Flexibility: Act agile
we work to create, design and grow in an environment that supports our
customers and people with adaptive thinking and action.
• Excellence: Go the distance
we must constantly strive to achieve the highest possible standards in our

day-to-day work and in the quality of the goods and services we provide.
• Unity: Journey as one

we must work cohesively with our colleagues across the Group and with
our customers and partners around the world, building strong
relationships based on tolerance, understanding and mutual cooperation.
• Responsibility: Advance life
we must continue to be responsible, sensitive to the countries,
communities and environments in which we work, always ensuring that
what comes from the people goes back to the people many times over.
Corporate Objectives of Tata Communication:-
• VISION
Deliver a new world of communications to advance the reach and

leadership of our customers.
• COMMITMENT
Invest in building long-lasting relationships with customers and partners and

lead the industry in responsiveness and flexibility.
• STRATEGY
Build leading-edge IP-leveraged solutions advanced by our unmatched

global infrastructure and leadership in emerging markets

CHAPTER – 4
REVIEW OF LITERATURE

REVIEW OF LITERATURE
A literature review is both a summary and explanation of the complete and

current state of knowledge on a limited topic as found in academic books and
journal articles. A literature review is a body of text that aims to review the
critical points of current knowledge on a particular topic. A literature review is a
survey and discussion of the literature in a given area of study. It is a concise
overview of what has been studied, argued, and established about a topic.
We have come to know about the Wimax through various internet site which
are given below
• www.tatacommunication.com
• www.wikipedia.com
• www.scribd.com
WiMAX is the next-generation of wireless technology designed to enable

pervasive, high-speed mobile Internet access to the widest array of devices
including notebook PCs, handsets, smartphones, and consumer electronics such
as gaming devices, cameras, camcorders, music players, and more. As the
fourth generation (4G) of wireless technology, WiMAX delivers low-cost, open
networks and is the first all IP mobile Internet solution enabling efficient and
scalable networks for data, video, and voice. As a major driver in the support
and development of WiMAX, Intel has designed embedded WiMAX solutions
for a variety of mobile devices supporting the future of high-speed broadband
on-the-go. WiMAX stands for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave
Access. It is a telecommunications technology providing wireless data over long
distances in a variety of ways, from point-to-point links to full mobile cellular
type access. It is based on the WirelessMAN (IEEE 802.16) standard.The

concept of WiMAX technology arise In the mid 1990’s, telecommunication
companies developed the idea to use fixed broadband wireless networks for
potential last mile solutions to provide an alternate, means to deliver Internet
connectivity to businesses and individuals. Their aim was to produce a network
with the speed, capacity, and reliability of a hardwired network, while
maintaining with the flexibility, simplicity, and low costs of a wireless network
this technology would also act as a versatile system for corporate or institutional
backhaul distribution networks and would attempt to compete with the leading
Internet carriers. History of WiMAX is an interesting study in technology
development, standardization and spin control. The idea for WiMAX came
about in the wake of the telecom bubble, when generating hype about what
technologies could do was anathema. WiMAX is also - by name as well as by
function and association - a cousin of Wi-Fi, which hasn't exactly become
firmly ensconced as an indispensable technology tool in the telecom service
provider quiver. When Wi-Fi's new maxed-out cousin came onto the scene, it
already had that (perceived) strike against it. So it should come as no surprise
that the WiMAX powers that be - namely, the WiMAX Forum and the
companies comprising it - have been very careful to control the spin, downplay
the hype and shroud the technology's certification processes in a veil of
mystery. Without that level of control, excitement about WiMAX's potential as
a broadband access form could have continued unabated, with people within
and outside of telecom making assumptions about WiMAX that ultimately
could have resulted in letdowns. But now it's beginning to feel like the WiMAX
community has taken the protection of its brainchild too far. A postponement of
the WiMAX Forum's product certification process earlier this year led to
rampant speculation that the forum was changing direction or its position on
support of certain versions of WiMAX. True or not, the conjecture -
accompanied by the forum's relative silence on the issues - didn't do much for
the nascent technology's still-forming reputation in service provider circles.

Those wrinkles in the WiMAX maturation process seem to be ironed out, for
the most part, at this point. But now a new potential quandary is rearing its
head: potential WiMAX deployers' impatience with the process that will bless
WiMAX gear as "certified." As Dan O'Shea points out in this month's cover
story (page 20), smaller broadband wireless players such as wireless ISP
NextWeb are looking at moving ahead with RFPs for WiMAX gear in advance
of any official equipment certification. That's probably not the kind of publicity
the WiMAX Forum wants. The best answer might be for the forum to let market
forces (like NextWeb's plans) govern the pace of WiMAX deployment. On one
hand, that action could speed up the whole process and lead more quickly to
high-volume production and thus lower component costs. On the other, it could
protect the forum and its backers from further backlash if WiMAX doesn't meet
the industry's broadband expectations, as many industry pundits are now
predicting.
WiMax considers the leader of the wireless industry. The major pioneer of
WiMAX is IEEE which stands for Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers. The organization is still working on WiMAX to make WiMAX more
and more better for the use.
This Wimax popularity and importance increased because it was cheap and low
cost network generated much attention to two types of fixed wireless broadband
technologies: Local Multipoint Distribution Services (LMDS) and Multi-
channel Multipoint Distribution Services (MMDS). LMDS was primarily
intended to speed up and bridge Metropolitan Area Networks in larger
corporations and on University campuses.
This broadband system extended the WiMAX service to a 30-mile range Mobile
WiMAX system: 802.16e. This version used a Scalable Orthogonal Frequency-
Division Multiple Access (SOFDMA) engine, which supported over 2,000
subcarriers, optimized handover delay and packet loss, and increased network

security. and had the ability to disperse its network between hundreds of
terminals. Yet the IEEE did not stop there. In 2005, they came out with the first
WIMAX grew out of a desperate need for a truly broadband mobile data
network so that the Internet could be delivered to users on the move. In early
2000, the IEEE standards body under the chairmanship of Roger Marks started
an 802.16 project to standardized a broadband technology. The focus then was
on fixed broadband Internet service. In 2003, Sean Maloney, SVP, Intel Corp,
realized that Internet access will eventually migrate from the PC platform to a
handheld mobile platform. So Intel was keen to be the first to introduce this on
the new platform. That is when US firm Iospan Wireless stepped in with an
advanced mobile Internet system based on the MIMO-OFDMA technology,
which was my baby. Intel acquired this company and used its Intellectual
Property and staff to take over the IEEE standards process and dubbed it as
WIMAX. This eventually resulted in the current version of WIMAX i.e.
802.16e Release 1. There is still a lot of work left and the evolution should be
seen in the next couple of years.
WI-FI is based upon wireless technology. Broadband is often called high-speed

Internet, because it usually has a high rate of data transmission. In general, any
connection to the customer of 256 Kbit/s (0.256 Mbit/s) or more is considered
broadband Internet.
The main reasons to implement this technology are:
• To provide customers a more reliable and secure network.
• To eliminate the role of wired technology in the connectivity which is far

difficult to implement in remote areas?
• To be in contact with the customers directly and handle them according to

the company’s

Policy, i.e. customer satisfaction is the priority of marketing.
• To grow up in the market with more numbers of customers with the help
of technology.
Comparison with Wi-Fi -Simply put, if WiMAX provides services analogous to
a cellophone, Wi-Fi is more analogous Wi-Fi is a shorter range system,
typically hundreds of meters, typically used by an end user to access their own
network. Wi-Fi is low cost and is generally used to provide Internet access
within a single room or building. For example, many coffee shops, hotels,
railway stations and bus stations contain Wi-Fi access points providing access
to the Internet for customers.
Wireless Routers which incorporate a DSL-modem or a cable-modem and a Wi-

Fi access point, often set up in homes to provide Internet-access and inter-
networking to all devices connected (wirelessly or by cable) to them. One can
also connect Wi-Fi devices in ad-hoc mode for client-to-client connections
without a router. Wi-Fi allows LANs to be deployed without cabling for client
devices, typically reducing the costs of network deployment and expansion.
Wireless network adapters are also built into most modern laptops.

CHAPTER-5
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
DATA COLLECTION:-
Data refers to a collection of natural phenomena description, including the

result of experience, observation, or a set of premises.
Data can be of two type:-
• Primary data
• Secondary data
Primary data is used to collect initial material during the research process.
Primary data is the data that the researcher collects himself using methods such
as surveys, direct observation, interviews.
Secondary data is source that is edited primary source, second hand version.
COLLECTION OF PRIMARY DATA:-
Primary data is the data that the researcher collects himself using methods such
as surveys, direct observations interviews as well as logs. Primary data is a
reliable way to collect data because the researcher will know where it came
from and how it was collected and analyzed since he did it himself.
Sources of Primary data: - Primary data can be gathered by following

methods:
• Surveys
• Questionnaire
• Observations
• Experiments

Primary data collected by survey method in this project, survey was conducted
by us.
Major instrument used for conducting this survey are as follow:-
1. GIS MAPS
It contains GRID DATA and GRID MAP
2. EXCEL SHEET
Target Residential Buildings – Minimum rental value above a certain

value
Target Commercial Buildings – All commercial buildings except retails
and wholesale shops
FORMAT OF EXCEL SHEET:-
Minimu
No.
Street Floo m Flat
Blg No Name Address Type Sub Type of Competition
Name r Rental
Flats
(Rs.)

GIS (GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM)
A geographic information system (GIS) integrates hardware, software, and data

for capturing, managing, analyzing, and displaying all forms of geographically
referenced information.
GIS allows us to view, understand, question, interpret, and visualize data in

many ways that reveal relationships, patterns, and trends in the form of maps,
globes, reports, and charts.
A GIS helps you answer questions and solve problems by looking at your data
in a way that is quickly understood and easily shared.
GRID Maps:-
Grid maps contains map of that particular area. For example grid number 78
contain data of THANE area in Mumbai. Each grid having 8 square kilometres
area and each grid divided in to 8 polygon (A-H), having area ½ square
kilometres.
Collection of polygon makes one grid and collection of similar gird forms a
single cluster.

HOW TO USE GIS MAP
• City-specific GIS Map to be used as a single information repository.

• Each City is divided into Grids of 4 sq. km (2x2 km)
• Each Grid is Divided into 8 polygons of 0.5 sq. km (0.5x1 km)
• Each such polygon will become a unit for data collection
• Each Polygon would have the following summary primary information

GRID Data:-
Sample of grid data:-
Blg No Minimum
Street No. of
Name Address Type Sub Type Floor Flat Rental Competition
Name Flats
(Rs.)
M.
NAUPADA,
DUTTA PHULE PRIVATE
1 VIHAR 400602 MARG RESIDENTIAL APPT 5 4 6000
M.
NAUPADA, 500
SAMRAT PHULE COMMERCIAL
2 GARAGE 400602 MARG COMP. OTHER 1 Sq ft
M.
NAUPADA,
VIJAY PHULE
3 VILLA 400602 MARG RESIDENTIAL BUNGLOW 1 1 8000
M.
NAUPADA, 800
PHULE COMMERCIAL
4 SHOP LINE 400602 MARG COMP. OTHER 1 Sq ft
SME (SMALL & MEDIUM ENTERPRISE)
Small and medium enterprise is the main customer for wimax.
We have to know accurate information about SME. It is that enterprise in which

number of employees varies from 10 to 50.
Small office/home office, or SoHo, refers to the category of business which can
be from 1 to 10 workers. SOHO can also stand for small or home office or
single office/home office. A larger business enterprise, one notch up the size
scale, is often categorized as a small business. When a company reaches 100 or

more employees, it is often referred to as a Small and Medium-sized Enterprise
(SME).
SME Buildings / Complexes

Any building occupied by more than a single business unit (MDU)
SME 10 - 50 employees
SOHOs 1 - 9 employees
IT-BPO: IT, ITeS, KPO, BPO, small application
Category A
design companies
Professional services: Media, education,
Category B advertising, accounting, legal, hospitality,
consulting
BFSI: Depository and non-depository institutions,
Category C
security and commodity brokers
Category D Manufacturing: Industrial, electronic, textile, food
Category E Wholesale, retail, construction, logistics and utilities

INFORMATION ABOUT RASIDENCE & SME
This block give information about how we collect primary data from residence
and SME that
From where we should collect our information regarding MSG(Market survey

group).
Building-level Information Data Sources

A. Residential
Watchman, Resident, Local Shop ,
Number of flats in the building Newspaper and Milk Delivery services
Property Dealer, Resident, Local Shop,

Minimum Rental Value of a flat Visual Cues, Real Estate Websites
B. SME
Listing Board, Estate Manager, Guards,
No. of Units Employees, Servicing manpower
Listing Board, Estate Manager, Guards,

Unit Classifications Employees, Servicing manpower
Estate Manager, Property Dealer,

Total Office Space in the Employees, Visual Estimation, Real
Building Estate Websites
Competition Present (On the Employees, Residents, Websites

C. Street)

SECONDARY DATA
Polygon Information – Secondary Data
A. Residential Type1 Type2 Type3
No. of flats (Households) Potential Customers as % of base in

each of these three categories
B. SME CatA CatB CatC CatD CatE
No. of Units Potential Customers as % of base in

each of these categories
Office Space
No. of Employees per sq. ft. and Usage

per employee for each category to infer
type of connection
C. Competition Presence Regional Sales Information
DATA ENTRY & VALIDATION:-
• Target Residential Buildings – Minimum rental value above a certain

value
• Target Commercial Buildings – All commercial establishments which
currently use a computer
o Latitude-Longitude information only for Buildings of
Interest(ground+ 4fl)/ buildings build last 1 year/ under
construction

• Challenges
• Lack of latitude/longitude information and hence cannot be
mapped to the GIS
• Will not be as detailed or comprehensive as the GIS data
• Restricts future data use.
*In the absence of availability of GIS data and for all non-enterprise
buildings.

CHAPTER-6
DATA ANALYSIS AND DATA INTERPRETATION

DATA ANALYSIS AND DATA INTERPRETATION
Now after collecting the data from the questionnaire form we had a lot of thing
to analysis and for interpretation. My survey gave me the data for the analysis
and so that I am able to get conclusion as well as findings. Here some charts and
table I m showing which I prepared from the data which I collected during my
interns for market research for WiMAX.
TABLE: - 1
How many earning people in your family?
Number of earning Result (Sample size: 400

people in a family families)
1 45%
2 28%
3 20%
More than 4 7%

CHART: 1
ANALYSIS
Above chart shows that there are 45% family in which number of earning
people is 1, 28% family in which number of earning people are 2, 20% family
in which number of earning people are 3 & only 7% family in which number of
earning people is more than 4.
INTERPRETATION OF DATA
From the analysis it is found that in most of the family only single person is
earning. By the analysis of above data we came to know the spending power of
family, more earning family is our target customer.

TABLE: 2
What is the minimum rent of your flat?
Minimum flat rent Results
Below 5000 23%
Below 10000 30%
Below 20000 19%
Above 20000 28%

CHART: 2
ANALYSIS
Above chart shows that there are 23% family pay below 5000 rs flat rent on the
monthly basis. 30% family pay below 10000 rs flat rent on the monthly basis.
19% family pay below 20000 rs flat rent on the monthly basis. 28% family pay
above 2000 rs.
From the analysis it is found that in most of the family pay rent more than
20000rs. By the analysis of above data we came to know the spending power of
family, more earning family is our target customer.

TABLE: 3
Do you have Internet Service in your home ?
Having internet service in Results

home
Yes 68%
No 32%

CHART: 3
ANALYSIS
Above chart shows that there are 68% family who use internet service in their
home & 32% family who are not using internet service in their home.
From the analysis it is found that most of the people are keen to use internet, by
the help of this data we find our target customer.

TABLE: 4
How much time you spend on internet?
Time spend on internet Results
1-2 hours 18%
2-3 hours 32%
3-5 hours 14%
More than 5 hours 36%

CHART: 4
ANALYSIS
Above chart shows that there are 18% people who spend 1-2 hours on internet
on regular basis, 32% people who spend 2-3 hours, 14% people who spend 3-5
hours & 36% people who spend more than 5 hours.
From the analysis it is found that most of the people are frequent user of internet
& they are our target customer.

TABLE:- 5
Are you aware about WiMAX?
Awareness about Results

WiMAX
Yes 43%
No 57%

CHART: 5
ANALYSIS
Above chart shows that there are 43% people among the sample size are aware
about WiMAX & 57% people are unaware about WiMAX.
From the analysis it is found that most of the people in Mumbai are not aware
about WiMAX
Technology.

CHAPTER-7
FINDINGS

PRESENTATION OF FINDING
According to Data analysis and Data interpretation I found the following

findings:-
According to residential survey we divided the whole Mumbai on the basis of

monthly flat rentals of household.
In south Mumbai, representative areas are prabhadevi, dadar, colaba the average
monthly flat rent for Type 1 residences are 50000rs. Type 2 residences are
30000 – 40000rs & Type 3 residences are 15000 – 25000rs.
In central Mumbai, representative areas are Dadar, Sion, Mahim, Matunga,

Wadala, Chembur the average monthly flat rent for Type 1 residences are
30000rs. Type 2 residences are 15000 – 30000rs & Type 3 residences are 10000
– 15000rs.
In North West Mumbai, the representative areas Bandra, Borivali, Anderi, the
average monthly flat rent for Type 1 residence is 30000rs. Type 2 residences are
15000 – 30000rs & Type 3 residences are 10000 – 15000rs.
In north central Mumbai, the representative areas are Ghatkopar, Mulund the
average monthly flat rent for Type 1 residences are 30000rs. Type 2 residences
are 15000 – 30000rs & Type 3 residences are 10000 – 15000rs.
In rest of Mumbai, the representative areas are Mira Road, Bhayandar, Thane,
Panvel, New Bombay, Kalyan, Dombivli, Vashi. The average monthly flat rent
for Type 1 residences are 20000rs. Type 2 residences are 10000 – 15000rs &
Type 3 residences are 5000 – 8000rs.
By the help of flat rent we are able to know that where our potential customer
is.

Similarly we go through the small and medium enterprises and know where we
have to put our tower for WiMAX.
Finding is based on data and field work. I observed and felt several things that
are very important for the organization. Even I covered only a small area of
total areas. But based on that data I may be able to recommend some things.
1. Tower set up
I observed several potential areas where tower may be established. These areas
are spread from south Mumbai to navi Mumbai. The below mentioned are some
places where tower may be set. These are as follows—
• CBD BELAPUR
• NEAR COLABDA
• MAROL NAKA
• BANDRA –KURLA BRIDGE
• ANDERI etc.
The reason behind them is as follows-
• INCOME
• POPULATION
• INFRASTUCTURE
• INDUSTRY

The average income of those areas is very appropriate for organization.
Generally the income & spending is directly proportional to each other. The
population of those areas are also sufficient to establish the tower.
2. New Opportunity:-
Some areas such as industrial is another beneficial

option. For example-MAHARASTRA INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
CORPORATION (MIDC) OF Navi Mumbai .Here several large and small scale
industries are operating. As I observed that there is RELIENCE is a prominent
provider. But the slow speed of downloading is the main problem of provider .
The slow speed may be the opportunity for organization.
3. Competitive strategy:-
Through this project it is observed that

MTNL (MAHANAGAR TELIPHONE NIGAM LIMITED) is very strong
opponent of TATA COMMUNICATION. So, mostly the corporate strategy
should be accordingly. The infrastructure of MTNL enables that to offer
services at lower rate. Therefore, there should be a balance between QUALITY
and CHARGE.

CHAPTER-8
LIMITATION OF STUDY

LIMITATION OF STUDY
Overall limitation of study:-
• Scale of the exercise and time-frames
Data limitation:-
• Actual Coverage ratio of polygon data
• Intensiveness for Building level data collection
• Gaps in mapping Field Data to GIS Data
• Data Accuracy, Completeness and Validation
Manpower limitation:-
• Manpower recruitment and administration
• Manpower Motivation

COMPETITORS OF WiMAX
Within the marketplace, WiMAX's main competition comes from existing,

widely deployed wireless systems such as UMTS(Universal Mobile
Telecommunications System) and CDMA2000, as well as a number of Internet-
oriented systems such as HiperMAN, and of course long range mobile Wi-Fi
and mesh networking High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) is a collection of two
mobile telephony protocols High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) and
High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), that extend and improve the
performance of existing WCDMA protocols. A further standard, Evolved HSPA
(also known as HSPA+), is soon to be released..
3G cellular phone systems usually benefit from already having entrenched

infrastructure, having been upgraded from earlier systems. Users can usually
fall back to older systems when they move out of range of upgraded equipment,
often relatively seamlessly. High Speed Packet Access (HSPA)[1] is a
collection of two mobile telephony protocols High Speed Downlink Packet
Access (HSDPA) and High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), that extend
and improve the performance of existing WCDMA protocols. A further
standard, Evolved HSPA (also known as HSPA+), is soon to be released.
The major cellular standards are being evolved to so-called 4G, high-bandwidth,
low-latency, all-IP networks with voice services built on top. The worldwide
move to 4G for GSM/UMTS and AMPS/TIA (including CDMA2000) is the
3GPP Long Term Evolution effort. A planned CDMA2000 replacement called
Ultra Mobile Broadband has been discontinued. For 4G systems, existing air
interfaces are being discarded in favor of OFDMA for the downlink and a
variety of OFDM based techniques for the uplink, similar to WiMAX. High
Speed Packet Access (HSPA)[1] is a collection of two mobile telephony

protocols High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) and High Speed
Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), that extend and improve the performance of
existing WCDMA protocols. A further standard, Evolved HSPA (also known as
HSPA+), is soon to be released.
In some areas of the world, the wide availability of UMTS and a general desire
for standardization has meant spectrum has not been allocated for WiMAX: in
July 2005, the EU-wide frequency allocation for WiMAX was blocked
LIST OF COMPETITOR NAME:-
• AIRTEL
• BSNL/MTNL
• RELIANCE
• HATHWAY
• SIFY
• TTML
• LOCAL AGENCY
• OTHER BROAD BAND PROVIDER

Suggestions :-
• The staff members of TATA COMMUNICATION are very busy so they

should give some time to their management trainees, so that management
trainee get much more interaction, knowledge and learn more things from
them.
• During the primary data collection there is many fake data which was
collected, it should be avoid.
• Management trainees are not much engage in data analysis part.

APPENDIX -
Questionnaires
For collecting the data a structured questionnaire for the Company is prepared
to get detailed and structured information regarding the WiMAX. The
questionnaire includes both the close ended as well as open ended questions.
Given below is the questionnaire:
TATA COMMUNICATION INTERNET SERVICE LTD
(WiMAX)
QUESTIONNAIRE FOR RESIDENCE:-
1. Name: __________________________________
2. Address: ________________________________
________________________________
3. Contact no.: ______________________________
(Please tick on your given answer)
4. How many earning person in your family?
a) 1 b) 2
c) 3 d) 4

5. What is the minimum rent of your flat?
a) Below 5000 b) Below 10000
c) Below 10000 d) Above
6. Do you have Internet Service in your home?
a) Yes b) No
7. How much time you spend on internet?
a) 1-2 hours b) 2-3 hours
c) 3-5 hours d) more than 5 hours
8. Are you aware about the different internet service provider available in
Mumbai?
a) Yes b) No
9. Which company internet service do you use:

_____________________________
10. Why did you choose your existing service provider?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
11. Do you want to upgrade your internet service?
a) Yes b) No

12. Are you aware about WiMAX?
a) Yes b) No
***THANK YOU***
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
QUESTIONNAIRE FOR SME
1. Company name: __________________________________________
2. Address : _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
3. Contact no. : _____________________________________________
4. Category of company : _______________________________________
5. Number of employee in your company?
a) Below 10 b) Below 50
c) Below 100 d) Above 100
6. Number of Unit in your company:
___________________________________________

7. Total office space in this building (in term of sq. m):
________________________________________
8. Do your company use Internet service?
a) Yes b) No
9. Which company Internet service do you use?
__________________________________________
10. Are you satisfied with your existing service provider?
a) Yes b) No
11. Are you aware about the different internet service provider available in
Mumbai?
a) Yes b) No
12. Do you want to upgrade your Internet service?
a) Yes b) No
13. Why did you choose your existing Internet service: ___________________
_____________________________________________________________
14. Are you aware about WiMAX?
a) Yes b) No
***THANK YOU*

BIBLIOGRAPHY
www.tatacommunication.com
www.wikipedia.com
www.google.com
www.scribd.com
Times of India
Business research methodology ( J.K Sachdeva )
Marketing management(PhilipKotler)
Research methodology (Paneerselvam)
Press release by Tata communication
EXPERTS etc.
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Internship Report

“DISHA” – DEVELOPMENT, MAPPING AND

Submitted In Partial Fulfilment Of The

Centre Name: IBSAR , MUMBAI

Master Of Business Administration, TMV University, Pune

Campus, C.B.D. Belapur, Navi Mumbai

TILAK MAHARASHTRA UNIVERSITY, GULTEKDI, PUNE, 411037 Page 1

First and foremost I would like to thank TATA COMMUNICATION for

My special thanks to my co-student of my institute who being a part of the same

TILAK MAHARASHTRA UNIVERSITY, GULTEKDI, PUNE, 411037 Page 2

CHAPTERS Executive Summary 4

CHAPTER 1 Rationale For the Study 10

CHAPTER 2 Objective & Scope Of Study 14

CHAPTER 3 Company’s Profile 18

CHAPTER 4 Review Of Literature 25

CHAPTER 5 Research Methodology 31

CHAPTER 6 Data Analysis and interpretation 41

CHAPTER 9 APPENDIX - Questionnaires & Bibliography 61

TILAK MAHARASHTRA UNIVERSITY, GULTEKDI, PUNE, 411037 Page 3

This internship report consists of the overall experience of market research

Project Title: - “DISHA” – DEVELOPMENT, MAPPING AND

TILAK MAHARASHTRA UNIVERSITY, GULTEKDI, PUNE, 411037 Page 4

Tata Communications Limited, formerly known as Videsh Sanchar Nigam

With a reported target of 40 cities and 300 towns, TATA

We conduct market research for WiMAX.

WiMAX, meaning Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, is a

TILAK MAHARASHTRA UNIVERSITY, GULTEKDI, PUNE, 411037 Page 5

Telsima WiMAX solutions selected based on advanced wireless technologies;

Tata Communications, a leading global provider of a new world of

In the initial phase, Tata Communications' WiMAX network will offer

TILAK MAHARASHTRA UNIVERSITY, GULTEKDI, PUNE, 411037 Page 6

In support of Tata Communications' broadband wireless network, Telsima

• Connecting Wi-Fi hotspots to the Internet.

• Providing a wireless alternative to cable and DSL for "last mile"

• Providing data and telecommunications services.

• Providing a source of Internet connectivity as part of a business

• Providing portable connectivity.

TILAK MAHARASHTRA UNIVERSITY, GULTEKDI, PUNE, 411037 Page 7

Subscriber units (Client Units)

With the potential of mobile WiMAX, there is an increasing focus on portable

TILAK MAHARASHTRA UNIVERSITY, GULTEKDI, PUNE, 411037 Page 8

• Spectrum allocation issues.

COMPARISON WITH Wi-Fi

• WiMAX uses spectrum to deliver a point-to-point connection to the

• Wi-Fi uses unlicensed spectrum to provide access to a network. Wi-Fi is

• WiMAX and Wi-Fi have quite different Quality of Service (QoS)

TILAK MAHARASHTRA UNIVERSITY, GULTEKDI, PUNE, 411037 Page 9

RATIONALE FOR THE STUDY

TILAK MAHARASHTRA UNIVERSITY, GULTEKDI, PUNE, 411037 Page 10

WiMAX is a standards-based wireless technology that provides high throughput

WiMAX is similar to the wireless standard known as Wi-Fi, but on a much

WiMAX is based on IEEE 802.16 IEEE standards.

As such, WiMAX can bring the underlying Internet connection needed to

TILAK MAHARASHTRA UNIVERSITY, GULTEKDI, PUNE, 411037 Page 11

• Consumers can receive services in areas with little infrastructure,

• Enables a lower initial CAPEX investment.

• Standardization creates a volume opportunity for chip set vendors.

• To provide customers a more reliable and secure network.

TILAK MAHARASHTRA UNIVERSITY, GULTEKDI, PUNE, 411037 Page 12

TILAK MAHARASHTRA UNIVERSITY, GULTEKDI, PUNE, 411037 Page 13

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

TILAK MAHARASHTRA UNIVERSITY, GULTEKDI, PUNE, 411037 Page 14

“DISHA” – DEVELOPMENT, MAPPING AND CONSOLIDATION OF

Market research is a systematic way to collect information and get knowledge