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POLITIC Taiwans most controversial political issue is external relations.

Internationally, with barely two dozen diplomatic partners and loss of membership or recognition in the United Nations, there is controversy on whether the Republic of China (ROC) still exists as a state or a defunct state. Taiwans 23 million people have almost no formal international representation. The People's Republic of China (PRC) claims that the ROC government is illegitimate, referring to it as the "Taiwan Authority". However, the ROC with its own constitution, elected president and armed forces independently which view itself as a sovereign state continually. In Taiwan, external relations covers two distinct realms: first, cross-strait relations with the Peoples Republic of China and second, foreign relations which is Taiwans relations with all other nations. Relations with the PRC The PRC supports a version of the One-China policy, which states that Taiwan and mainland China are both part of China, and that the PRC is the only legitimate government of China. It uses this policy to prevent the international recognition of the ROC as an independent sovereign state. For its part, the People's Republic of China appears to find the retention of the name "Republic of China" more acceptable than an official declaration of an independent Taiwan. With the rise of the Taiwanese independence movement, the name "Taiwan" has been employed increasingly often on the island. Foreign relations After the KMT's retreat to Taiwan, most countries, notably the countries in the Western Bloc, continued to maintain relations with the ROC. UN Resolution 2758 (25 October 1971) recognized the People's Republic of China as China's sole representative in the United Nations. Therefore, in 1970s, recognition gradually eroded due to diplomatic pressure and many countries switched recognition to PRC. The PRC refuses to have diplomatic relations with any nation that recognizes the ROC, and requires all nations with which it has diplomatic relations to make a statement recognizing its claims to Taiwan. As a result, only 22 UN member states and the Holy See maintain official diplomatic relations with the ROC. However, in practice, most countries still view the ROC as an independent state and maintain unofficial relations with it. The ROC maintains unofficial relations with most countries via de facto embassies and consulates called Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Offices (TECRO), with branch offices called "Taipei Economic and Cultural Offices" (TECO). Both TECRO and TECO are "unofficial commercial entities" of the ROC in charge of maintaining diplomatic relations, providing consular services (i.e. visa applications), and serving the national interests of the ROC in other countries. The United States is one of the main allies of the ROC and, since the Taiwan Relations Act passed in 1979, the United States has sold arms and provided military training to the Republic of China Armed Forces. In January 2010, the Obama administration announced its intention to sell $6.4 billion worth of military hardware to Taiwan. As a consequence, the

PRC threatened the US with economic sanctions and warned that their cooperation on international and regional issues could suffer. AFFECT IN TOURISM 2008 meeting A series of meetings were held at Diaoyutai State Guesthouse in Beijing from 11 June 2008 to 14 June 2008. After the Cross-Strait Agreement Concerning Mainland Tourists Travelling to Taiwan was signed in 2008, Chinese citizens have, for the first time since 1949, been allowed to visit Taiwan directly from the mainland as part of organized travel tours.The two sides agreed to the following: Initiate direct passenger airline services every weekend from 4 July 2008. Both parties agreed to negotiate on the routes of cross-strait direct flights and establish direct communication procedures concerning air traffic management systems as soon as possible. Weekend charter flights shall fly from each Friday to the following Monday for a total of four full days. Mainland China agreed to open the following five cities as destinations: Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Xiamen and Nanjing. Mainland China shall open Chengdu, Chongqing, Hangzhou, Dalian, Guilin, Shenzhen and other destinations later on and other cities if so demanded by the market. Taiwan agreed to open the following eight cities as destinations: Taoyuan, Kaohsiung, Taichung, Taipei, Penghu, Hualien, Kinmen and Taitung. Opening Taiwan to mainland Chinese tourists. Both parties agreed that mainland Chinese tourists must travel to the Taiwan in groups. Tourists must enter into, visit, and exit from Taiwan in groups. The maximum quota of tourists received by the party responsible for tourist reception shall not exceed the average of 3,000 persons per day, and each group shall consist of a minimum of ten persons and forty persons at the maximum, being in Taiwan for a maximum of ten days.

Free Independent Travellers (FIT) agreement On 28 June 2011, the Free Independent Travellers (FIT) agreement further opened up travel to Taiwan for Chinese residents in Beijing, Shanghai and Xiamen. Later, tourists from Chengdu, Chongqing, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Guangzhou, and Tianjin were allowed to visit Taiwan individually. Finally, Fuzhou, Jinan, and Xi'an will join the list by the end of 2012.

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