EXPERIMENT NO.

EE101L 04 RESISTANCES IN PARALLEL

I. OBJECTIVES: 1. To become physically acquainted with the Resistance Module of the Feedback Virtual Instrument. 2. To learn the operational functions of the Resistance Module. . To !. To become measure familiar the with the operation of an ohmmeter. equi"alent resistance of resistors connected in parallel. #. To learn how to hook$up simple electrical circuits from a schematic dia%ram. II. DISCUSSIONS: The Resistance Module of the Feedback Virtual Instrument contains nine power resistors arran%ed into three identical sections. &ee Fi%. 1.

'ach connection

section

consists three

of

two

terminals(

to%%le

switches and three resistors. The three resistors ha"e resistance "alues of )#*( 1)#* and ++* ohms. The selected resistance will appear across the terminals when the proper switch is closed ,up position-. .y closin% the appropriate switches( any two or all three resistors may be connected to%ether in parallel. Their equi"alent parallel resistance will appear across the terminals. 'ach resistor is composed of a spiral windin% of hi%h$resistance wire wound on a ceramic spool. For protection a%ainst moisture and dust( the entire windin% is co"ered with a hi%h temperature insulatin% compound. The accuracy of each resistor is #/. The physical si0e of each

resistor is determined by the amount of heat whish it has to dissipate. This will be e1plained in a later 2aboratory '1periment. 3ne of the basic instruments used for the measurement of resistance is the ohmmeter. The ohmmeter

0ero on the ri%ht while VTVM and the TVM usually ha"e 0ero on the left-. Most of the instruments ha"e a control knob for 90ero ad:ust; and 9ohms ad:ust;. III. INSTRUMENTS & COMPONENTS Resistance Module ,Module <o.=+$1!2>onnection 2eads Miscellaneous5 Multi$tester IV. PROCEDURE 1. '1amine the construction of the R'&I&T4<>' M37?2'( payin% a particular attention to the resistors( to%%le switches( connection terminals and wirin%.

ordinarily contains a dc "olta%e source ,usually a battery-( a current meter( and a ran%e switch to select internal calibration resistances. The meter scale is calibrated in terms of the resistance "alue that will produce a %i"en current. The unknown resistance is placed across the terminals ,leadsof the ohmmeter and resistance "alue is read from the scale under the pointer. 4n separate ohmmeter function is of normally a another test

2. <ote that the module is di"ided into three identical of sections( three each composed elements. . <ote that the upper terminal of each section is wired to all three of the to%%le switches in the section. .y closin% a switch ,ri%ht position-( the terminal is connected to the top of the resistor associated with that particular switch. The return wire from the bottom of the resistor is resistance

instrument( such as a5 V3M ,Volt$ 3hm$Milliammeter-6 VTVM ,Vacuum$ Tube$Volt$Meter-6 ,Transistori0ed$Volt$Meter-6 ,7i%ital$Volt$3hmmeter-. TVM 7V3M The

ohmmeter scale is characteri0ed by a crowdin% of the scale di"isions at one end ,non$linear scale-. 8ero ohms may be either on the left or on the ri%ht end of the scale( dependin% on the type of instrument used( ,the V3M usually has

brou%ht back to the lower connection terminal completin% the circuit. !. @ou will now use your ohmmeter to measure the resistance of each indi"idual resistor. 8ero your a- In the space pro"ided( enter the "alue of 9R equi"alent; that you ha"e calculated. b- &et up each of the circuits on your Resistance Module. ?se the required number parallel sections equi"alent ohmmeter. of the and connectin% necessary then leads close with to the your your resistor ohmmeter and then connect the leads across the terminals of the first section. >lose the to%%le switch ,ri%ht- associated with the )#* ohm resistor while checkin% to be sure that the other two switches are open ,left-. Measure the resistances of all nine resistors by successi"ely closin% their associated switches open. Record your results in the spaces pro"ided in Table 1. #. >ompare your measured "alues with the listed "alues. Is there a %ood a%reement between the twoA BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB <ote5 the accuracy of your ohmmeter may be anywhere from #/ dependin% upon the portion of the scale used for the measurement. =. For each of these procedures you will now perform the two steps5

appropriate switches. Measure the resistance Record

measurement in the space pro"ided.

1st &ection 2nd &ection rd &ection R ,listed- )#*C 1)#*C ++*C )#*C 1)#*C ++*C )#*C 1)#*C ++*C R,meas-

Requi"alent ,calculated- D BBBBBBBBBB Requi"alent ,measured- D BBBBBBBBBB +. &ee Fi%. 2 11. &ee Fi%. =

Requi"alent ,calculated- D BBBBBBBBBB Requi"alent ,measured- D BBBBBBBBBB E. &ee Fi%.

Requi"alent ,calculated- D BBBBBBBBBB Requi"alent ,measured- D BBBBBBBBBB 12. &ee Fi%. +

Requi"alent ,calculated- D BBBBBBBBBB Requi"alent ,measured- D BBBBBBBBBB ). &ee Fi%. !

Requi"alent ,calculated- D BBBBBBBBBB Requi"alent ,measured- D BBBBBBBBBB 1 . &ee Fi%. 2$E

R
alent

equi"

Requi"alent ,calculated- D BBBBBBBBBB Requi"alent ,measured- D BBBBBBBBBB 1!. >ompare your measured "alues with

,calculated- D BBBBBBBBBB

Requi"alent ,measured- D BBBBBBBBBB 1*. &ee Fi%. # your calculated "alues. Is there a close a%reement between the two "aluesA '1plain your answer.

BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB V. TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE 1. Fhat would be the equi"alent resistance if all three of the sections of the resistance module were connected to%ether in parallelA ,&how your calculationsBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB 2. Is this "alue of resistance the lowest that can be obtained usin% the moduleA BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB . 2ist the four resistance "alues that can be obtained from any one of the sections ,other than the listed "alues )#*( 1)#*( and ++* ohms-. BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB !. 2ist at least four new resistance "alues that can be obtained by #.

connectin% two of the sections in parallel ,other than the se"en "alues possible with a sin%le section-. BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB =. 2ist at least four new resistance "alues that can be obtained by connectin% all three of the sections in parallel ,other than the pre"iously listed "alues obtained with only two sections-. BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB +. Fhat is the hi%hest "alue from of the resistance connectionsA BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB a"ailable

module without usin% any series

VI. CONCLUSION