ELECTROCHEMISTRY

Redox Reaction

Electrochemistry is the study deals with interconversion of electrical

energy and chemical energy. Chemical reactions involved in
electrochemistry are reduction and oxidation that call redox reaction.
One type of reaction cannot occur without the other. Electrochemical
(redox) is electricity used to drive a non spontaneous chemical
reaction (electrolysis).

In electrochemistry, redox reaction can be divided into two type of

reaction:

 Reduction: Reduction process gain of electron and oxidation

number will decrease. Reduction reaction at cathode. The electrode
which is attached to the negative pole of the battery, and which
supplies electrons to the electrolyte, is called the cathode.

 Oxidation: oxidation process loss of electron and oxidation

number will increase. Oxidation reaction at cathode. The electrode
which is attached to the positive pole of battery, and which accepts
electrons from the electrolyte, is called anode.

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 ENGAGE

IN ELECTROLYSIS

You are given the picture as shown below:

1. What do you observed from the picture given?

2. What is happen when the concentration of ions is increase?

3. What is the function of salt bridge and gives an example of salt bridge.

4. How does the cell maintain its electricity?

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 EMPOWER
STEPS

1. Electrochemical process is redox reaction, released energy by spontaneous reaction.

2. There are two type of redox reaction:
• Reduction
• Oxidation
3. Log on the website and observe the animation to answer the question.
http://www.chem.iastate.edu/group/Greenbowe/sections/projectfolder/simDownload/inde
x4.html#electrochem

RESULT

Redox Reaction

Before

Electrolysis

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 After

Electrolysis

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Questions

1. What happens at the zinc and copper electrode?

2. Write all the reaction involves and the overall cell reaction.

3. How does the cell maintains its neutrality?

4. What happened if there is no salt bridge?

Answers

1. Zinc electrode: Zinc is more electropositive than copper. Tendency to release

electrons: Zn (s)  Zn2+ (aq) + 2e-. Zinc dissolves. Oxidation occurs at the zinc
electrode. Zn2+ ions enter ZnSO4 solution. Zinc is the negative electrode since it is a
source of electron (anode).

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 Copper electrode: The electron from the zinc metal moves out through the wire enter
the copper metal. Cu2+ ions from the solution accept electrons. Cu2+ (aq) + 2e- Cu (s)

Copper is deposited. Reduction occurs at the Cu electrode. Cu is the positive

electrode (cathode).

2. Reaction involved:

Anode: Zn (s)  Zn2+ (aq) + 2e-

Cathode: Cu2+ (aq) + 2e- Cu (s)

_____________________________________________________

Overall cell reaction: Zn (s) + Cu2+ (aq)  Zn2+ (aq) + Cu (s)

3. Left cell: Zn2+ ions enter the solution causing an overall excess of positive charge. Cl-
ions from salt bridge move into zinc half cell.

Right cell: Cu2+ ions leave the solution causing an overall excess of negative charge.
K+ ions from salt bridge move into Cu half cell. Electrical neutrality is maintained.

4. As the zinc rod dissolves, the concentration of Zn2+ in the left beaker increase. The
reaction stops because the nett increase in positive charge is not neutralized. The
excess charge build up can be reduced by adding a salt bridge.

ENHANCE

The diagram shows the electrochemical cell of Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE).

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Based on the diagram, match the following words with the correct statement.

Standard Electrode Potential (Eo) Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE)

Electrode Potential Salt bridge Electrochemical Cells

1. ___________ where chemical reaction produces electricity.

2. ___________ is an inverted U tube containing a gel permeated with solution of an

inert electrolyte.

3. ___________ is a measure of the ability of a half-cell to attract electrons towards it.

4. ___________ is a measure of the ability of a half-cell to attract electrons towards it at

25oc, the P is 1 atm (for gases), and the concentration of electrolyte is 1M.

5. ___________ is made up of a platinum electrode, immersed in an aqueous

solution of H+ (1 M) and bubbled with hydrogen gas at 1 atm pressure, and
temperature at 25 oc.