RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, BANGALORE

KARNATAKA
ANNEXURE II
PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR DISSERTATION

1.

Name of the Candidate

and Address
(in block letters)

2.

Name of the Institution

3.

Course of study and subject

DR. ANJU .R.

S/O RAJAPPAN A.N.
AYODHYA,
SANJEEVA REDDY STREET,
1ST CROSS, M.S. NAGAR P.O.
SUBBANAPALAYA,
BANGALORE 560033.
J.J.M. MEDICAL COLLEGE,
DAVANGERE - 577 004.
POST-GRADUATE
M.D. RADIODIAGNOSIS

4.

Date of Admission to course

5.

Title of the Topic

31st MAY, 2007

ROLE OF COLOR-ASSISTED
DUPLEX SONOGRAPHY IN
EVALUATION OF THYROID
DISEASES

6.

BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENDED WORK :

6.1 Need for the study :
Color Doppler sonography is a safe, fast, inexpensive, popular, costeffective, repeatable non invasive procedure for investigating thyroid gland.
Because of the superficial location and good vascularisation of the thyroid
gland, high resolution real time gray scale and color Doppler sonography can
demonstrate normal thyroid anatomy and pathological conditions with
remarkable clarity.
Sonographic characteristics of thyroid diseases can often be classified as
congenital, inflammatory, neoplastic, traumatic or vascular.

These can be

easily assessed by high resolution ultrasound.

Although nodular thyroid disease are common differentiation between
benign and malignant nodules (rare <1% of total malignancy) are difficult.
Here lies the importance of color-assisted Duplex sonography which can
readily detect and subsequently manage these nodules by follow-up.1
Although FNAC is the most reliable diagnostic method for evaluating
clinically palpable thyroid nodules high resolution sonography has three
primary clinical application.
a)

Detection of thyroid and other cervical masses before and after

thyroidectomy.

b)

Differentiation of benign from malignant masses on the basis of

their sonographic appearance.

c)

Guidance for FNA/Biopsy1

The purpose of this study is to assess the spectrum of diseases affecting

the thyroid gland by color-assisted Duplex sonography.
6.2 Review of literature :
1. Color flow Doppler sonography (CFDS) is gaining importance for the
functional evaluation of the thyroid disorders. CFDS could differentiate
3

7.

MATERIAL AND METHODS :

7.1 Source of data :
The main source of data for the study are patients from the following
teaching hospitals attached to J.J.M. Medical College, Davangere.
Bapuji Hospital, Davangere.
Chigateri General Hospital, Davangere.
7.2. Method of collection of data (including sampling procedure if any):
This is a time bound prospective study in which patients presenting with
clinical suspicion of thyroid diseases referred to Department of RadioDiagnosis for thyroid ultrasound scan from November 2007 to November
2009 would be taken up for the study. The study will be performed with
Color Doppler ultrasound machine having high frequency (L12-3 MHz)
linear transducer.
Initially a minimum of 30 cases shall be taken up for the study to
evaluate the role of Color Doppler in thyroid diseases. The scope for
increasing the number of cases exists depending on the availability within the
study period.
Inclusion criteria :
Color Doppler study of thyroid gland shall be conducted in
Clinically suspected cases of thyroid diseases
As a prerequisite before surgery in patients of thyroid diseases.
Exclusion criteria :
Pregnant patient
Patients not willing to undergo ultrasonography and fine needle
aspiration cytology.

8.

LIST OF REFERENCES :
1. Carol M. Rumack, Stephanie R. Wilson. J. William Charboneau.
Diagnostic ultrasound. 3rd edn., 735-770.
2. Erdogan MF, Anil C, Cesur M, Baskal N, Erdogan G. Color flow Doppler
sonography for the etiologic diagnosis of hyperthyroidism. Medline
Thyroid 2007 Mar; 17(3): 223-8.
3. Appetecchia M, Solivetti FM. The association of colour flow Doppler
sonography and conventional ultrasonography improves the diagnosis
of thyroid carcinoma. Horm Res 2006; 66(5): 249-256.
4. Taylor KJW, Carpenter DA, Barrett JJ. Gray scale ultrasonography in the
diagnosis of thyroid swellings. Journal of Clinical Ultrasound
2005;2(4): 327-330.
5. Fukunari N. Thyroid ultrasonography B-mode and color-Doppler. Biomed
Pharmacother 2002; 56(1): 55s-59s.
6. Marqusee E, Benson CB, Frates MC, Doubilet PM, Larsen PR, Cibas ES
and Mandel SJ. Ultrasonography in the management of thyroid
nodules. Annals of Internal Medicine 2000; 133(9): 696-700.
7. Cerbone G, Spiezia S, Colao A, DiSarno A, Assanti AP, Lucci R, et al.
Power Doppler improves the diagnostic accuracy of color Doppler
ultrasonography in cold thyroid nodules: follow-up results. Hormone
Research 1999; 52: 19-24.
8. Solbiati L, Volterrani L, Rizzatto G, Bazzocchi M, Busilacci P, Candiani
F, et al. The thyroid gland with low uptake lesions: evaluation by
ultrasound. Radiological Society of North America 1985; 155: 187191.
9. Walker J, Findlay D, Amar SS, Small PG, Wastie ML and Pegg CA. A
prospective study of thyroid ultrasound scan in the clinically solitary
thyroid nodule. British Journal of Radiology 1985;58(691): 617-619.

9.

Signature of candidate

10

Remarks of the guide

This study can be cost effective, with a better
follow-up rate and more feasible.

11

Name & Designation of

(in block letters)
11.1 Guide

Dr. K.N. SHIVAMURTHY M.D., D.M.R.D.,

PROFESSOR,
DEPARTMENT OF RADIODIAGNOSIS,
J.J.M. MEDICAL COLLEGE,
DAVANGERE - 577 004.

11.2 Signature
11.3 Co-Guide (if any)

--

11.4 Signature
11.5 Head of Department

Dr. RAMESH .S. DESAI M.D., D.M.R.D.,

PROFESSOR AND H.O.D.,
DEPARTMENT OF RADIODIAGNOSIS,
J.J.M. MEDICAL COLLEGE,
DAVANGERE - 577 004.

11.6 Signature

12

Remarks of the
Chairman & Principal
12.2. Signature.