Music of Indonesia

Music of Indonesia
Music of Indonesia

Kempul gongs from Java

Timeline
Samples
Genres

Classical

Kecak

Kecapi suling

Tembang sunda

Pop Indo

Dance-pop

Dangdut

Hip hop

Kroncong

Gambang kromong

Gambus

Jaipongan

Langgam jawa

Pop Batak

Pop Minang

Pop Sunda

Qasidah modern

Rock

Tapanuli ogong

Tembang jawa
Specific forms

Gamelan

Angklung

Beleganjur

Degung

Gambang

Gender Wayang

Gong gede

Gong kebyar

Jegog

Joged bumbung

Music of Indonesia

Salendro

Selunding

Semar pegulingan
Regional music

Bali

Borneo

Java

Moluccan Islands

Papua

Sulawesi

Sumatra

Sunda

v
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[1]

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The music of Indonesia demonstrates its cultural diversity, the local musical creativity, as well as subsequent
foreign musical influences that shaped contemporary music scenes of Indonesia. Nearly thousands of Indonesian
islands having its own cultural and artistic history and character.[3] This results in hundreds of different forms of
music, which often accompanies dance and theatre.

Music of Indonesia

The musics of Java, Sumatra, Bali, Flores and other islands have been documented and recorded, and research by
Indonesian and international scholars is ongoing. The music in Indonesia predates historical records, various Native
Indonesian tribes often incorporate chants and songs accompanied with musics instruments in their rituals. Today the
contemporary music of Indonesia is popular in the region, including neighboring countries; Malaysia, Singapore and
Brunei.[4]

Musical instruments
The musical identity of Indonesia as we know it today
began as the Bronze Age culture migrated to the
Indonesian archipelago in the 2nd-3rd century BC.[5]
Traditional musics of Indonesian tribes often uses
percussion instruments, especially gendang (drums) and
gongs. Some of them developed elaborate and distinctive
musical instruments, such as sasando string instrument of
Rote island, angklung of Sundanese people, and the
complex and sophisticated gamelan orchestra of Java and
Bali.

The gamelan performance in the palace of Surakarta Sunanate.

Gamelan
The most popular and famous form of Indonesian music
is probably gamelan, an ensemble of tuned percussion
instruments that include metallophones, drums, gongs and
spike fiddles along with bamboo flutes. Similar
ensembles are prevalent throughout Indonesia and
Malaysia, however gamelan is originated from Java, Bali,
and Lombok.
In Central Java, gamelan is intricate and meticulously laid
out. The central melody is played on a metallophone in
Balinese gamelan performance.
the center of the orchestra, while the front elaboration and
ornamentation on the melody, and, at the back, the gongs
slowly punctuate the music. There are two tuning systems. Each Gamelan is tuned to itself, and the intervals between
notes on the scale vary between ensembles. The metallophones cover four octaves, and include types like the
slenthem, demung, saron panerus and balungan. The soul of the gamelan is believed to reside in the large gong, or
gong ageng. Other gongs are tuned to each note of the scale and include ketuk, kenong and kempul. The front section
of the orchestra is diverse, and includes rebab, suling, siter, bonang and gambang. Male choruses (gerong) and
female (pesindhen) solo vocalists are common.

Music of Indonesia

With the arrival of the Dutch colonizers, a number system

called kepatihan was developed to record the music.
Music and dance at the time was divided into several
styles based on the main courts in the area Surakarta,
Yogyakarta, Pakualaman and Mangkunegaran.
Gamelan from eastern Java is less well-known than
central or western parts of the island. Perhaps most
distinctive of the area is the extremely large gamyak
drum. In West Java, formerly Sunda, has several types of
gamelan. Gamelan Degung, gamelan salendro and
tembang sunda are three primary types. The Osing
Javanese minority in eastern Java are known for social
music for weddings and other celebrations, called
gandrung, as well as angklung, played by young amateur
boys, which is very similar to Balinese gamelan.

The student angklung performance.

Kecapi suling
Kecapi suling is a type of instrumental music that is
highly improvisational and popular in parts of West Java
that employs two instruments, kecapi (zither) and suling
(bamboo flute). It is related to tembang sunda.

Angklung
Angklung is a bamboo musical instrument native to
Sundanese people of West Java. It is made out of bamboo
tubes attached to a bamboo frame. The tubes are carved
so that they have a distinctive resonant pitch when being
vibrated. Each angklung only plays one note.

SambaSunda music performance, featuring traditional Sundanese

music instruments such as kecapi, suling, and kendang.

Kulintang
Kolintang or kulintang is a bronze and wooden percussion instrument native to eastern Indonesia and also The
Philippines. In Indonesia it is particularly associated with Minahasa people of North Sulawesi, however it also
popular in Maluku and Timor.

Sasando
Sasando is a plucked string instrument native of Rote island of East Nusa Tenggara. The parts of sasando are a
bamboo cylinder surrounded by several wedges where the strings are stretched, surrounded by a bag-like fan of dried
lontar or palmyra leafs (Borassus flabellifer), functioned as the resonator of the instrument.

Music of Indonesia

Genres
The diverse world of Indonesian music genres was the result of the musical creativity of its people, and also the
subsequent cultural encounters with foreign musical influences into the archipelago. Next to distinctive native form
of musics, several genres can traces its origin to foreign influences; such as gambus and qasidah from Middle
Eastern Islamic music, keroncong from Portuguese influences, and dangdut with notable Hindi music influence.

Folk musics
Indonesian regional folk pop musics reflects the diversity of Indonesian culture and Indonesian ethnicity, mostly use
local languages and a mix of western and regional style music and instruments. Indonesian folk music is quite
diverse, and today embraces pop, rock, house, hip hop and other genres, as well as distinct Indonesian forms. There
are several kinds of "ethnic" pop music, generally grouped together as Pop Daerah (regional pop). These include
Pop sunda, Pop Minang, Pop Batak, Pop Melayu, Pop Ambon, Pop Minahasa and others. Other than featuring the
legacy of Lagu Daerah (regional traditional songs) of each regional cultures, the musician might also create some
new compositions in their own native language.

Tembang sunda
Tembang sunda, also called seni mamaos cianjuran, or just cianjuran, is a form of sung poetry which arose in the
colonial-era of Cianjur. It was first known as an aristocratic art; one cianjuran composer was R.A.A.
Kusumahningrat (Dalem Pancaniti), ruler of Cianjur (18341862). The instruments of Cianjuran are kacapi indung,
kacapi rincik and suling or bamboo flute, and rebab for salendro compositions. The lyrics are typically sung in free
verse, but a more modern version, panambih, is metrical. It is usually the

Jaipongan
Jaipongan is a very complex rhythmic dance music from the Sundanese people of western Java. The rhythm is liable
to change seemingly randomly, making dancing difficult for most listeners. Its instruments are entirely Sundanese,
completely without imported instruments. It was invented by artists like Gugum Gumbira after Sukarno prohibited
rock and roll and other western genres in the '60s.

Gambus
Gambus literally means oud, referring to a type of lute or 12-string pear-shaped guitar, is the Middle-Eastern-derived
Islamic vocal and instrumental music. These traditions began to be incorporated throughout many areas of Indonesia
by the 16th century.

Qasidah modern
Qasidah is an ancient Arabic word for religious poetry accompanied by chanting and percussion. Qasidah modern
adapts this for pop audiences. It is used to denote a type of orchestra and the music it plays, believed to be introduced
by Muslim settlers from Yemen. Qasidah modern were derived from Islamic pop, adding local dialects and lyrics
that address Indonesian contemporary issues. Though popular among Arabs in Indonesia, it has gained little
popularity elsewhere.
The contemporary form of Islamic Middle eastern influenced musics in Indonesia is Debu, that featuring sufism
approach on music to spread their message.

Music of Indonesia

Kroncong
Kroncong (alternative spelling: Keroncong) has been evolving since the arrival of the Portuguese, who brought with
them European instruments. By the early 1900s, it was considered a low-class urban music. This changed in the
1930s, when the rising Indonesian film industry began incorporating kroncong. And then even more so in the mid- to
late 1940s, it became associated with the struggle for independence.
Perhaps the most famous song in the kroncong style is Bengawan Solo, written in 1940 by Gesang Martohartono, a
Solonese musician. Written during the Japanese Imperial Army occupation of the island in World War II, the song
(about the Bengawan Solo River, Java's longest and most important river) became widely popular among the
Javanese, and then later nationally when recordings were broadcast over the local radio stations. The song also
became quite popular with the Japanese soldiers, and when they returned to Japan at the end of the war re-recordings
of it (by Japanese artists) became best-sellers. Over the years it has been re-released many times by notable artists,
mainly within Asia but also beyond (like Anneke Grnloh), and in some places it is seen as typifying Indonesian
music. Gesang himself remains the most renowned exponent of the style, which although it is seen now as a
somewhat starchy and "dated" form is still popular among large segments of the population, particularly the older
generation.
After the World War II and during Indonesian National Revolution (19451949) and afterwards, kroncong was
associated with patriotism, since many of Indonesian poets and patriotic songs authors uses kroncong and somewhat
jazz fusion as the genre of their works. The patriotic theme and romantic wartime romance was obvious in the works
of Ismail Marzuki, such as Rayuan Pulau Kelapa, Indonesia Pusaka, Sepasang Mata Bola, Keroncong Serenata and
Juwita Malam. These patriotic songs can be sung in hymn or even in orchestra, but most often was sung in kroncong
style known as kroncong perjuangan (struggle kroncong). The kroncong divas; Waldjinah, Sundari Sukoco and
Hetty Koes Endang, was instrumental in reviving the style in the 1980s.
Langgam Jawa or Tembang Jawa
There is a style of kroncong native to Surakarta (Solo) called langgam jawa, which fuses kroncong with the gamelan
seven-note scale.
Gambang Kromong
Early in the 20th century, kroncong was used in a type of theater called Komedi Stambul; adapted for this purpose,
the music was called gambang kromong. Gambang kromong is quite prevalent in Betawi culture of Jakarta.

Dangdut
Dangdut was originally an Indonesian dance music that has spread throughout
Southeast Asia, became the dominant pop style in the mid-1970s. Famous for its
throbbing beat and the slightly moralistic lyrics that appeal to youth, dangdut
stars dominate the modern pop scene. However dangdut especially performed
by female singers also often featuring suggestive dance movements and
naughty lyrics to appeal the larger audience. This development was strongly
opposed by the conservative older generation dangdut artist.
Dangdut is based around the singers, and stars include Rhoma Irama and Elvy
Sukaesih (the King and Queen of Dangdut), Mansyur S., A. Rafiq, Camelia
Malik and Fahmy Shahab; along with Cici Paramida, Evie Tamala, Inul
Daratista, Julia Perez and Dewi Perssik from younger generation.

A dangdut music performance

Music of Indonesia

Campursari
A musical fusion style of traditional Javanese music and dangdut that prevalent in Javanese cultural sphere, mainly
Central Java, Yogyakarta and East Java. There is also Sundanese version of campursari prevalent in Bandung region
of West Java. Perhaps its greatest current artist is Didi Kempot.

Contemporary music
The contemporary music of Indonesia is diverse and vibrant. Throughout its history, Indonesian musicians were
open to foreign influences of various music genres of the world. American jazz were heavily marketed in Asia, and
foxtrots, tangos, rumbas, blues and Hawaiian guitar styles were all imitated by Indonesian musicians.[6] As the result
various genres were developed within Indonesian music frame; Indonesian pop, rock, jazz, and hip hop.
Indonesian music also plays a vital role in the Indonesian creative pop culture, especially as the soundtracks or theme
songs of Indonesian cinema and sinetrons (Indonesian TV drama). Indonesian popular film Badai Pasti Berlalu
(1977) were also produced successful soundtrack hit with same title in the same year, the soundtrack was remaked in
1999 with Chrisye as the main singer and rendered by Erwin Gutawa in orchestra style. In 2007 the film also being
remaked again with new soundtrack that still featuring same songs performed by younger generation artist. Another
popular Indonesian coming of age teen movie Ada Apa Dengan Cinta (2002) also produced successful soundtrack
hits with most songs written and performed by Melly Goeslaw.
Today Indonesian music industry enjoyed nationwide popularity. Thanks to common culture and intelligible
languages between Indonesian and Malay, Indonesian music enjoyed regional popularity in neighbouring countries
such as Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei. However the overwhelming popularity of Indonesian music in Malaysia
had alarmed the Malaysian music industry. In 2008 Malaysian music industry demanded the restriction of
Indonesian songs on Malaysian radio broadcasts.[7]
=== Orchestra n Dutch Colonial times. It became the NIROM orchestra when the radio broadcasting station
Nederlandsch-Indische Radio Omroep Maatschappij was born in 1912. Today it is known as Jakarta Symphony
Orchestra that has existed in the country's musical world for almost a century through its changing formats to suit
prevailing trends and needs. In 1950, a merger of the Cosmopolitan Orchestra under Joel Cleber and the Jakarta
Studio Orchestra under Sutedjo and Iskandar appeared as the Djakarta Radio Orchestra under Henkie Strake for
classical repertoires, and the Jakarta Studio Orchestra led by Syaiful Bachri specialized in Indonesian pieces. In 2010
Jakarta Symphony Orchestra staged a comeback after a fairly long absence.[8]
In 1960s to 1980s classical music in Indonesia aired mainly by the national radio broadcasting service Radio
Republik Indonesia (RRI) and the national TV station Televisi Republik Indonesia (TVRI) through their programs.
During these decade, the classical orchestra mainly developed in Universities as extracurricular activity for students
which include choir. In 1990s the group of professional symphony orchestra start to took form, notably The Twilite
Orchestra led by Adie MS, was founded in June 1991, initially an ensemble with 20 musicians. The ensemble has
developed since then into a full symphonic orchestra with 70 musicians, a 63-member Twilite Chorus, and a
repertoire that ranges from Beethoven to The Beatles.[9] The orchestra has played a role in promoting Indonesian
music, especially in the preservation of national songs by Indonesian composers and traditional songs. Aided by the
Victorian Philharmonic Orchestra with the Twilite Chorus, Addie MS re-recorded the Indonesian national anthem,
Indonesia Raya, by WR Supratman in its original orchestral arrangement by Jos Cleber, as well as other Indonesian
popular national songs in the album Simfoni Negeriku.
Today, major cities like Jakarta, Bandung, Yogyakarta and Surabaya are no strangers to orchestral music, with their
own symphony groups. Jakarta, for instance, has its Nusantara Symphony Orchestra, the Twilite Orchestra and the
Jakarta Chamber Orchestra.

Music of Indonesia

Pop
Indonesian pop music today is known
simply as "pop Indonesia" is heavily
influenced by trends and recordings from
America.[10] Although influences ranging
from Bollywood soundtracks to Hollywood
pop acts are obvious, the Indonesian pop
phenomena is not completely derivative; it
expresses the sentiments and styles of
contemporary Indonesian life.
Koes Bersaudara later formed as Koes Plus
is considered as one of the pioneer of
Indonesian pop and rock 'n roll music in
1960s and 1970s. The American and British
music influences were obvious in the music
of Koes Bersaudara, The Beatles were
known to be the main influences of this
band. Several Indonesian pop and ballad
singers were survived through decades and
become Indonesian music legends, such as
Iwan Fals, Franky Sahilatua and Chrisye.

JKT48 performs at JakartaJapan Matsuri 2012.

Today, the popular bands include Peterpan,

Radja, Gigi, Dewa 19, Sheila on 7, D'Masiv
and Nidji, all of which tour regularly in
Indonesia, Singapore and Malaysia and are featured on MTV Asia.

Peterpan, one of Indonesia's popular

bands

Some of Indonesian pop bands are rekindle with their Malay roots and revived a genre called "Band Pop Melayu"
(Pop Malay Band) and popular in late 2000s. The pop Malay bands are Kangen Band, WALI, Hijau Daun, Armada,
Angkasa, and ST 12. This genre is the contemporary form of old Orkes Melayu style, once popular in the region
across Indonesia and Malaysia.
The most recent foreign influences on Indonesian pop musics are the style and genre of J-pop and K-pop. Several
bands such as J-Rocks, Geisha, Daishi and SM*SH boyband are imitating the style of Japan and Korea pop culture.
And also sperading new generation of Girl Band, side effect while boyband founded in Indonesia, such a 7icons and
Super Gerlies also Indonesia have Idol Group JKT48 which is first overseas idol group from Japan, AKB48.

Rock
Just like pop music, Indonesian rock scene also heavily influenced by the development of rock music in America.
The most influential Indonesian rock bands was probably Panbers and God Bless that popular in 1970s and 1980s. In
late 1980s to mid 1990s several female rock singers popularly known as "Lady Rockers" were famous in Indonesia,
such as Nicky Astria, Inka Christie, and Anggun that started her career in as a pop-rock singer in Indonesia before
moving to France and pursue her international career. Other notable rock bands include Slank, Netral, /rif and
Jamrud.

Music of Indonesia

Jazz fusion
Some of Indonesian musicians and bands were exploring the jazz music. Notable Indonesian jazz musicians are;
Modulus band, Karimata band, Barry Likumahua, Indra Lesmana, Syaharani, Maliq & D'Essentials and Trisum
(Tohpati, Dewa Budjana, and Balawan). Various other groups fuse contemporary westernized jazz fusion music with
the traditional ethnic music traditions of their hometown. In the case of Krakatau and SambaSunda, the bands from
West Java, the traditional Sundanese kacapi suling and gamelan orchestra is performed alongside drum set, keyboard
and guitars. Other bands such as Bossanova Java were fused Javanese music with bossanova, while Kulkul fuse jazz
with Balinese gamelan. The Jakarta International Java Jazz Festival is performed annually, featuring famous
International as well as Indonesian jazz musicians. It has become one of the most important Jazz event in the region.
Many kind of jazz hang on in Indonesian Indie's project, such as Ecoutez, Sandy Sandoro and many more
"non-label" band or singer. And those music quality are not inferior and compete world class jazz.

Indonesian music legends

From Gesang, Koes Bersaudara/Koes Plus, Dara Puspita, Alfian, Titiek Puspa, Guruh Gipsy, Gombloh, Bing Slamet,
Benyamin Sueb, Godbless, Chrisye, DARSO (Calung X), Harry Roesli(50's-70's) till Ebiet_G._Ade, Fariz RM, Iwan
Fals, and many more. There is also The Tielman Brothers, Eurasians who are originally from Indonesia but they
gained popularity in Europe, especially The Netherlands. There style is called Indorock (after the colonial term used
for Eurasians: Indo-Europeaan, shortened Indo)

References
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]

http:/ / en. wikipedia. org/ w/ index. php?title=Template:Indonesian_music& action=edit

http:/ / en. wikipedia. org/ w/ index. php?title=Template:Culture_of_Indonesia& action=edit
Indonesian Geography http:/ / countrystudies. us/ indonesia/ 28. htm
MyIndo KC Ismail: Muzik Indonesia lebih progresif dari muzik Malaysia (in Malay) (http:/ / myindo. com/ story/ 125. asp)
Asia Sound (http:/ / www. asiasound. com/ content/ Learn/ Timelines/ indonesia)
National Geographic Indonesian Pop Music (http:/ / worldmusic. nationalgeographic. com/ view/ page. basic/ genre/ content. genre/
indonesian_pop_731/ en_US)
[7] Malaysian music industry wants Indonesian songs restricted (http:/ / www. thejakartapost. com/ news/ 2008/ 09/ 03/
malaysian-music-industry-wants-indonesian-songs-restricted. html)
[8] Jakarta Symphony Orchestra returns (http:/ / www. thejakartapost. com/ news/ 2010/ 02/ 06/ jakarta-symphony-orchestra-returns. html)
[9] Orchestra (http:/ / www. twiliteorchestra. org/ en. phtml?mode=About& CID=2Twilite)
[10] National Geographic Indonesian Pop Music (http:/ / worldmusic. nationalgeographic. com/ view/ page. basic/ genre/ content. genre/
indonesian_pop_731/ en_US)

Bass, Colin. "No Risk -- No Fun!"". 2000. In Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark with McConnachie, James
and Duane, Orla (Ed.), World Music, Vol. 2: Latin & North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific, pp
131-142. Rough Guides Ltd, Penguin Books. ISBN 978-1-85828-636-5
Heaton, Jenny and Steptoe, Simon. "A Storm of Bronze". 2000. In Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark with
McConnachie, James and Duane, Orla (Ed.), World Music, Vol. 2: Latin & North America, Caribbean, India,
Asia and Pacific, pp 117130. Rough Guides Ltd, Penguin Books. ISBN 978-1-85828-636-5

Music of Indonesia

External links
(French) Audio clips: Traditional music of Indonesia. (http://www.ville-ge.ch/meg/musinfo_ph.
php?what=pays=Indonsie&debut=0&bool=AND) Muse d'Ethnographie de Genve. Accessed November 25,
2010.
BBC Radio 3 Audio (60minutes): Music of Bali. (http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p005xk2r) Accessed
November 25, 2010.
BBC Radio 3 Audio (60minutes): Java, Jakarta to Solo. (http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p005xk2b)
Accessed November 25, 2010.
The traditional music of Indonesia (http://www.istov.de/htmls/indonesia/indonesia_start.html)
Indonesian Fusion (http://www.rangapae.com)
Various Types Of Indonesian Musical Instruments (http://www.wholesalesarong.com/
wholesale-bali-music-instrument.htm)
Listening to Balinese Gamelan: A Beginners' Guide from Connexions accessed 20/01/2012 (http://cnx.org/
content/m15795/latest/)

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Article Sources and Contributors

Article Sources and Contributors

Music of Indonesia Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=582524075 Contributors: A More Perfect Onion, AgentPeppermint, Ahoerstemeier, Ajitirj, Alansohn, Awewe,
Banano03, Bandcoach, Bencherlite, Bensijamesly, Bgwhite, Bunnyhop11, CJLL Wright, Camembert, Can't sleep, clown will eat me, Caniago, Cdc, Chiswick Chap, ChrisGualtieri, Chubbles,
Circeus, ClaretAsh, CommonsDelinker, Courcelles, Crisco 1492, Darkmessiahnz, Davenbelle, Davidelit, Discospinster, Doctormatt, Dougofborg, EdH, Elgato72, Epbr123, Everyking, Fir0002,
Frze, Gadfium, Gaius Cornelius, Gareth Griffith-Jones, Gidonb, Glacialfox, GoingBatty, Gracehoper, Gunkarta, HIDECCHI001, Hasek is the best, Hemlock Martinis, HiKucing, Hyacinth,
Igoldste, Imoeng, Indon, Iridescent, Irmapane, Istov, JaGa, Jack Merridew, Jaydeedoubleyou, Jcw69, Jim1138, JimVC3, Jni, Joannaguy, Joneeeeee, Junjunel, K4ryss4 sone, Karl Meier,
KnowledgeOfSelf, Lemurbaby, Little Mountain 5, Lupin, Martarius, Martijn, Maryamjamshidi, Master of Puppets, Me-luvin-shexi, Merbabu, Metricopolus, Minimac, Mirithing, Neelix, Nick
Number, Nlu, Nusantara45, Obli, Ojigiri, Olivier, OneWorldMuso, PhilKnight, Philip Trueman, Pratama26, Promking, REX, RUL3R, Rigadoun, Rochelimit, Ronz, S. M. Sullivan, SMSpivey,
Sam, Sardanaphalus, SatuSuro, Seaeagle04, Sebras, Ser Amantio di Nicolao, Sianova, Sole Soul, Suicidalhamster, Swandriya, T-borg, THEN WHO WAS PHONE?, TUF-KAT, Template
namespace initialisation script, Terrek, That Guy, From That Show!, The Thing That Should Not Be, Theopolisme, ToKnow, Tobacman, Utopiandream, Vanuhm, Vmand, Vox Pluvia, Vrenator,
Wikipelli, WonderBuono!, Xyzzyplugh, Yandri, , 270 anonymous edits

Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors

File:Traditional indonesian instruments04.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Traditional_indonesian_instruments04.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Clusternote,
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Christopher Michel from San Francisco, USA Garuda Pancasila.jpg : Gunkarta Borobudur-Nothwest-view.jpg: Gunkarta TMII Rumah Gadang West Sumatra.JPG : Gunkarta Sate Hati
Kambing.JPG: Gunkarta Papuan Dance from Yapen.jpg: Gunkarta COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Papieren wajangpop voorstellende Arjuna (kinderspeelgoed) TMnr 809-46c.jpg
:Tropenmuseum COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Metallofoon met zes toetsen onderdeel van gamelan Semar Pagulingan TMnr 1340-34.jpg :Tropenmuseum COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM
Kris zonder schede TMnr A-3443.jpg:Tropenmuseum COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Langwerpige houten plank versierd met uitgesneden en beschilderde motieven TMnr
4117-38.jpg:Tropenmuseum COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Katoenen wikkelrok met geometrisch patroon TMnr 5713-2.jpg:Tropenmuseum Meuseujid Raya Bayturrahman.JPG:Si Gam Ach
Angklung.jpg:Original uploader was M0ffia at nl.wikipedia Nasi Kuning.jpg: miss_yasmina Bamboofabric.gif:Peggy Reeves Sanday derivative work: Gunkarta
File:Flag of Indonesia.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_Indonesia.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: Drawn by User:SKopp, rewritten by
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Ismanto from Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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