SIAMESE

DRCELAIN

AND OTHER TOKENS

BY

HA. RAMSDEN,

F.R.N.S.

SIAMESE
PORCELAIN AND OTHER TOKENS.

BY

H. A.
Presideat of the

RAMSDEN,

F.R.N.S.,
Society,
District

Yokohama Numismatic

Secretary

of the American Numismatic Association, etc.,

ATITHOE OF

Tsu Ho Coins, Copper Coins, Corean Coin Chiarms and Amulets,

Kwan

El

IVIodern Ctiinese

etc.

^GX^^^.cyo"

\N

\\\V

JUN KOBAYAGAWA Co., Numismatic & Philatelic Publishers,

Yokohama, Japan.

sv^v

'

"'n,n

1911

CONTENTS

BY THE SAME AUTHOR

Sugar Estate Tokens
of Cuba, of Japan.

Ewan

Ei Tsu

Ho Coins

Corean Coin Cliarms and Amulets.

Manuals

of Far Eastern

Numismatics:

No. No.

1.

Chinese Paper Money,

Chinese Early Barter and Uninscribed Money.

2.

In The "Numismatist."

Modern Coins

of Corea, April, 1909.

Chinese Historical Amulet Coin, August, 1909. Foreign

Money

in China, February, 1910.

Coins, June, Competition.

Modern Chinese Copper

First Prize

1910

(Kepriuted).

Dunham

Pictorial Characters

on Ancient Chinese Coins, June, 1911.

Meiji or Present Period Coins of Japan, August, 1911.

In "Mehls' Monthly."
Glass Coins of the Far East, March, 1910.

In " Spink's Numismatic Circular."

Some

rare and unpublished Ancient Chinese Coins.

(in

Editor of Numismatic Monthly

Japanese).

PREFACE
As up
till

far as

I have been able to ascertain, only three

works have

now been

published dealing partly or entirely on Siamese porceindirectly

lain

and other tokens, although others may

mention the

subject.

The

earliest

was perhaps

" Verzeichniss von Miinzen

und DenkBerlin

miinzen der Jules Fonrobertschen Samralung" by

Adolf Weil,

1878, but devotes only a short space to this particular branch of nu-

mismatics.

Two

years

later,

a second work appeared at Shanghai by

Joseph

Haas, under the title of " Siamese Coinage " which contains fuller information on the gambling porcelain and other tokens of this country.

The most

recent, published in Batavia about 1890, or

perhaps

later,

undertaken by G. Schlegel, was called "Siamesiche

sisch-Siamesische

und
to

Chine-

Miinzen."

This was the

first

work

be entirely

devoted to these interesting tokens.

All

of the above are to-day difficult to procure and

known

only

to

most students either by name or by reference.

Weil's work,

as the

title

indicates;

is

really a catalogue of the

Fourobert collection which was sold at auction in the year named.

the

The
with
this

part dealing with porcelain and other gambling tokens of the land of

White Elephant,

is

very limited, comprising only some 16

of specimens.
pieces

lots,

almost the same

catalogue,

number

Although plates accompany

It

none of these

are illustrated.

has the saving grace

of a short historical

introduction to the section dealing with Siamese

this

Coinage,

in

which

porcelain
it

money
is

figures

prominently.

This

information, unreliable as

may

appear to
freely

many
made

numismatic students
use of by

acquainted with the actual coinage,

Schlegel

and

others.

Haas' treatise, simultaneously brought out both in English and German, is somewhat more instructive. The portion of this work
dedicated to

the subject does not desaibe any particular

specimens,

PEBFAOB.
It

but contains a most useful and general summary.

to

draws attention

the salient points susli

as

shapes,
etc.

materials employed, character

and

laeaning

of

the

inscriptions,

list

with the names of

the principal gambling

usually appear,
ti-eatise
is
is

Hongs, as well as examples of mottos which

also

appended.

Not

the least important feature in this

a table with

designations of values usually found on these

tokens, giving both the Chinese

and Siamese

characters.

ScHLEGELS
fiir

production, the most recent

and only work which

so

has been solely

dedicated to this subject, naturally ranks as the

standard authority.

After a short historical introduction,

it

proceeds to

describe the collection of Siamese tokens presented to the Royal Ethno-

graphical catalogue

Museum
is

(at Berlin)

by Consul-General P.
is

S.

Hamel.

This

most descriptive and accurate, but

unfortunately limited,

since the collection did not comprise

fail

more than

15'J .specimens.

A large
some 31

page coloured

plate,

most exiuisitively done,

utility to this

illustrnting

varieties,

adds a novel charm and

monograph.
a few porcelain

Since the above treatises were published, various Catalogues of coin

sales held both in

Euiope and America have included

among their lots. The Bergsoe collection, catalogued and sold at auction by J. Schulmax of Amsterdam, in 1903, requires special mention.
tokens

This sale contained what probably was the biggest number of these
tokens which had been brought together up to that time, most of which

found their way

to

my

cabinet.

The photogravure

reproductions of
this

many
[

of these pieces increased the scope

and numismatic value of

catalogue.

labour under the disadvantage of not having had access to

"

"

Moedas de Siam

les

by Marques A. Pebeiea, Lisbon 1879, " Siam efc Siamois " by Abbi?; Similien Chevillard, Paris 1889, " Im reiche
by Dr. F. M. Schrotee, Leipzig
188-5

des weisen Elephanten "

and
have

several other authors s.:ch as

Pallegoix, Bastian,
works relating
use of by

etc.

Probably the

most important passages

often quote them.

in these

to our subject

already been extracted and

made

Haas and ScHLEGEL, who

The
treatises.

present
It
is

monograph does not aspire to replace any of the above merely intended to catalogue and describe, principally
illustrations,
all

by means of coloured

the specimens which compose

PREFACE.

my

collection.

An

introductory restime, where the above mentioned

anthorities

have been

the dry technicTalities

is

drawn upon, has been added to mitigate As my collection inseparable from all catalogues.
liberally
if

perhaps one of the biggest,

not actually the biggest in existence at the

to

present time,
treatises

and as

it difficult

have access to the various and scarce

which have so
numismatic

far

appeared on the subject, there

of this kind.
illustrations are

may be some

excuse for undertaking a

work

In

alt

treatises,

almost of more help

than worded descriptions.

In Far Kastern numismatic works, or those

dealing with coins bearing inscrlptious in the character)? of

an eastern
illustra-

language, reproductions are a necessity.

subject matter
is

If to this

is

added that the

composed of specimens of

different colours, the

tions in such a case is

an imperative requirement.

I have, in consequence,
will be dijxct to

followed this course in the present instance.

The appeal

the eye, the illustrations in their natural colour conveying a better idea

than could possibly have been achieved by written descriptions, however

lengthy.

The specimens
and

herein illustrated and described are of such curious

attractive shapes, with such bright colours

and pleasing
artistic

effects,

which can alone be praduced on porcelain, as well as

with quaint suggestions, that
it is

conceptions

hoped that they will appeal to others

besides those only interested in the pursuit

and study of Far Eastern

Numismatics.

H. A.

RAMSDEN.

September, 1911,

Yokohama, Japan.

INTRODUCTION.
Obigin.

Necessity

created a

demand

for this special

kind of tokens
these

a convenient adjunct for gambling purposes

was

required and

counters were introduced.

"
bullet

Haas

gives their origin as follows

shaped small coins

;

As gambling became more and more a recognised institution the were found inconvenient Sailing and Fuang

to

hxndle

namely, the gambler squatting down on an oblong mat,

at

one end of which the cashier or croupier was seated in a kneeling

attitude,

the coin had often to be thrown to a considerable distance to reach the

croupier,

and

it

was very apt

to roll off in

wrong

direction.

To
in-

remedy

this inconvenience the

owners of gambling establishments

troduced special counter", etc."

Introduction.
appearance in 1760.
later;

.According to Haas, these cdunters

first

made

their

Schlegel attibutes the

sagt

first issues to

some 61
in

years
ausas-

he says "

Seit 1821,

Herr Hamel, ward den

Siam

sigen Chinesischen Spielpaphtern erlaubt

Miinzen von Porzellan oder

anderem Material

in ihrentDistrikten in

Umlauf zu bringen."
these
locality or district of

CiBCTJLATioN.

Both

Schlegel

and Chevillard claim that

counters were extended for currency purposes to the

the gambling firms issuing them.
pieces

To quote

this latter authority.

" Ces

de monnaie n' ont de valeur que dans I'etendue de

qui les a emises,
s'
si,

la juridiction
trois d'

du bauquier
entre eux ne

moins, cependant, que deux ou

foire,

enteiident,

comrae larrons en

pour

les agreer

dans

leurs qnartiers rbciproques."

Haas

goes

still

further

and

states " These

counters being issued under authority granted in the gambling licence or

concession, they rapidly
to
fill

became a medium of exchange, and were found

a long

felt
its

want

of small

money

so well, that the circulation went

much beyond

legal sphere."

Prohibition.
at last in 1871,

It is

mentioned by Haas that the control of

these

tokens by the Siamese government became more and more

it

difficult,

and
all

became necessary

to prohibit
is

and stop completely

explicit,

circulation of these counters.

Schlegel

more

givbg August,

INTRODUCTION.
1876 as the
tiate

on which an order was issued by the government pro-

hibitting the further issue of porcelain " coins " (Porzellanmiinzen) after

December

of the

same

year.

Weyl

is

not very clear on this matter, but

mentions that coins made of porcelain were current until 3876 and
further adds " Sogar in des ersten

Jahren des Konigs Ghula Longkorn

(1873)

wurder

von der Eegierung Porzellanmiinzen mit

:

dem Kopf

desselben ausgegeben "

reserve.

a statement which must be accepted with some

agreed, however, that the circulation of these

They

are

all

tokens continued long after their prohibition.

Issues.

That many

different issues
varieties

were circulated
with.

will at

once be

apparent by the numerous

met

Haas

states that, as far

as he could ascertain, about 890 different kinds were

known

to exist.

Since they were. so generally accepted for circulation,

counterfeits soon

it is

no wonder that

made

their appearance.

The remarks

of the author of

" Siamese Coinage " are so appropiate, that I

am

induced to quote them

in extenso
left

"

Such a

facile field for forgers

was, however, not long to be

imexplored by the enterprising

Celestials.

Gradually a large number

of imitations

were thrown into

circulation,

and

in

self defence,

the

gambling Hongs were compelled

shapes."

counters which they substituted

and exchange for money their by new ones of varied colours and An ingenious expedient which has evidently escaped the
to call in

notice of the

above

cited authorities

on

this subject,

was

also resorted to

by the

issuers of these counters,

as a sort of control, the evidence being

supplied by the actual specimens themselves.

Sealing wax, red and of

other colours, was applied to the under side or Reverse of the counters,

and, while warm, received the impression of the seal or

of the Hong, which would render imitations more
tokens, evidently of latter issues,

"chop" mark difiieult. Some of the

This will

have even a small receptacle or hole on

the under side to receive the sealing

explain

wax

for this purpose.

why many
and that

counters are found coated or having traces of this

of the gambling concerns were not always

material.

That the owners

the victims

outsiders

were

also often loosers, will be

shown by
ses

Cbevillard's graphic account of

how

these tokens were demonetized

il

" Naturellement
billons.
S'il

si le
il

banquier raonopoleur du jeu perd,

est

paye avec
il

gagne,

payee avec de

la

monnaie

reelle,

done

benefice

toujours.

Comment

refuser?

Ou

ira-t-on jouer?

Cercle

de fer qui

INTEODUCTION.
le

enveloppe

joueur et favorise

le

monopoleur.

Le
il

plus reel de ses

benefices, ce qui constitue

tives, c'est le retrait

pour

lui la

base de ses grosses operations lucra-

de ces billons

qu'il peut,

quand

veut, retirer de la

circulation.

La
il

loi

ordonne

qu'il fasse

savoir le jour a partir duqnel sa

retrait.

mqnnaie n'aura plus coucs environ 48 heures avant son

voici

Or,

comment
Des

s'y

prend pour

satisfaire

simultanement a

la loi et a sa

bourse.
le

crieurs nocturnes vont en

barque publier sur

le fleuve, vers
tel aient

minuit, que desormais cenx qui ont des billons d'un

tripot.

les

cbanger a son

Peu de personnes
pr<

sont iustruites de la nouvelle,

attendu que a cette beure

sque tout

le

monde
pris.

dort.

Le lendemain du
;

jour marque, bien des gens se troavent

Au

marche, personne ne

veut accepter leurs

billons, le

tripot n'en veut pas

egalement

c'est trop

tard, la caisse est fenuee.

profiter

Que

faire?

Tout simplement

se

taire et

de

la lecon."

Mateui<'.ls.
glass, (coloured in

Porcelain, including earthenware

lead, bronze

and

potter's clay,

most instances)

and other

alloys, as well

as mother of pearl (nacar) have been employed for the manufacture of

these counters.
Silver appears also

have been used, but I have never

Scblegel mentions that of sealing wax, later of lead

come

across a specimen

made

of this metal.
first

coins were

made

in

Bangkok

and
i.

of

yellow metal (brass?) and ultimately of potter's clay and porcelv'

He

adds that " Letzlere Sorte wird in China angefertigt," which assuredly
will strike

most students as

peculiar.
this connection, since

Shapes.

Great ingenuity was manifested in

many were

the shapes given to these counters.

ovals,

The

circular or

round

pieces predominate, while stars, cash,

door-tablets, butterflies, bats

lozenges, gourds, leaves,

and

fishe?, are also to

all

be met with.

Inscriptions.
give

As

almost

the gambling houses or Hongs, to

them

their native

name, were farmed by Chinese, and as the mait is

jority of the

customers were of the same nationality,

but natural that

the greater

number

of inscriptions found on these counters should be

in Chinese characters.

The names

of the different gambling

Hongs

are

found on most of the tokens.

in
full,

Sometimes these names are expressed

only
be.

in others they are represented

by a

single character

or seal

("chop" mark), as the case may

inscriptions appropiate to

Some

tokens appear with

felicitous

the occasion,

while others, more

INTKODUCTION.
literary inclioed, quote poetical "

<

gems

"

and other
ev.'ii

uiottos.

A few

have

an attractive design of no meaa order and

of artistic merit.

That

some were copied from current

of the

coiiiB

used abroad, those bearing a crown-

ed head, as well as those imitating the patriotic cash, even to the

name
to

Emperor

of the

Dragon Throne,

will conclusively

prove this

have been the

case.

Values.
selves
:

The
1

following values are found on the tokens them-

For 1

Salting,

in Chinese

^ or ^,
5^

or in Siamese
do.

-fg

Fuang
Smig Pel

do.

-^

1
1

do. do. do.

Pai

1 Att

1/16 Song Pel

"gf

^ or ^,

^ X
"gf

Sjc

M.

do.

In some
"silver "

of the counters, are pre6xed expressions such as

98 "gold" (^),
addi-

(^)

or " currcncij " (jg

^ or ^.) which were proba"bly

a circulating

tions calculated to

improve

their status as

medium.

T^e

above terms correspond with Haas' designations of value, as stated iu

" Siamese Coinage."

Schlagel goes into an elaborate explanation of the

it

various monetary units found in the Siamese financial vocabulary, but

throws but

little

light
is

on the subject under treatment.

:

The

following

comparative table

worth copying

Tikal

= 4 Salting =; 8 Fuang
German
Bia
or Cowries,

= 16
money
Marks

Son Pei
as

= 32 Pai = 64
2.40.
is

Att,

giving the equivalent in

Marks
3 3/4,

Weyl mentions

that the Att, corresp Jiidiug to

equal to 2 Solots and a Solot equal to 50

SIAIWESE PORCELAIN
Note.

& OTHER TOKENS.

this

Aa the coloured reproductions which accompany

be limited.

work

are, as far as possible, faithful copies of the originals in

tion, farther description will necessarily

my own

collec-

In order that the

will

explanations

may

be better understood, the following observations

:

not be out of place

1

When
will

the characters or design are raised

(in relief)
it

or incased,

it

be so stated.

In

all

other cases,

will

be understood

that they are level with the surface of the piece.

illustrated, the colour of the characters will

Where

not

be mentioned.
it

2.

The
is

colours in the illustrations are approximately true, although

difficult

to reproduce exactly the tint

and glaze of

porcelain

by the ordinary
3.

process of stone lithography.

The

size in the illustrations is

it

the

same

as in the oiiginals, as far

as

has been possible to do so by freehand drawing.

Unless otherwise mentioned, the tokens are of porcelain and, where

a special kind of ware
is

in question,

it

will

be so

specified.

In

the remaining instances, glass, coloured in most

pearl,

caseSi.

mother of

bronze (which includes both brass and.

materials

co|>per)

and

lead

5.

among the other work are made of. Where not reproduced
are

which the tokens described

in this

iu

the drawing

itself,

the actual Chinese

as their

characters forming the inscription

or value, as well
text.

meaning or
6.

signification, will

be inserted in the

I have not considered the transliteration of the Chinese characters,

which are reproduced

material advantage.

either in the
this

drawing or

in the text, as of

As

prononnciation varies according to

it is

the dialect (and even with the individual, since

phonetics),
7.
it

a question of

has consequently not been attempted. with Siamese, the translation of the
inscrip-

As I

am unacquainted

tions, other

than the value, found on a limited number of these

tokens, has been left alone.

tb
8.
3

As

these pieces are few in number,

latter

is

of

little

consequence.

" Obverse " and " Reverse " are sometimes used conventionally in
order uo distinguish one side from the other.

SIAMESI3 PORCELAIN

AND OTHER TOKENS.

(A)

ROUND SHAPES.

No.
No.

1.

0.

of Hong in two raised Chinese characters. " Salung " in Chinese character. E.

Name Name

2.

0.
R.

of

Hong
1

in

two

raised Chinese characters.

K. Same as No.

No.
No.
No.

3.

0. Name
Same

of

Hong
Hong
1.

in

two
two

raised Chinese characters.

as No. 1 of
in

4.

O.
0. O. 0.
E.

Name Name
Name Name
"

raised Chinese characters.

E. Same as No.
5.

of

Hong

in

two two
two

raised Chinese characters.

E. Same as No. 31.

No.
No. No.

6.

of

Hong Hong
"

in

raised Chinese characters.

E. Same as No. 31.

7.

of

in

raised Chinese characters.

Fuang

(5^) in incused blue

Chinese character.

8. 0. The

year of the dog (1741, 1801 or 1861) in three raised

Chinese characters.

E. The name of the

in

Hong above and

"

Fuang

" below, both

Chinese characters.
inscription,

No.

9.

0.
O.

Felicitous

" Everything as

you wish " in four

raised Chinese characters.

E. " Salung " in raised Siamese

(?)

character.

No. 10.

Name
Name

of

Hong
1.

in four raised Chinese characters.

E. Same as No.

No. 11.^-0.

of

Hong
(?)

in four raised Chinese characters.

E. "Eight"

{^)

"Salung" (^)

in

two blue Chinese

characters.

No. 12.
No. IB. No. 14. No. 16.

O. E. 0. E. O.
0.

Name
Same

of

Hong
1.

in four raised Chinese characters.

as No. of
as

Name
Same

Hong
No.
1

in four raised Chinese charactere.

Name
Name

of

Hong

in four raised Chinese characters.

E. Same as No. 31.

of

Hong

in four raised Chinese characters.

(?)

E. Top Siamese writing,

bottom " hundred " in Chinese

character, both incused.

10
No. 16.

SIAMESE PORCELAIN AND OTHEE TOKENS.

0. 0.

Name

of

Hong

in four raised Chinese characters.

E. Above

" Sailing "

(^)

in Chinese character

and below same

in Siamese, both blue.

No. 17.

Crowned Head
for India

in relief.

(Copietl

from the Imperial Coinage

Victoria ?)
right for the

with head of Queen

E. Four raised Chinese characters, the two on the

name
No.
18.

of the

Hong, and those on the

(?)

left for

" five 1/16

Song Pei "

O.

Crowned Head, see No. 17. E. Four raised Chinese characters, the two on

the right for the

for

name
No.
19.

of the

Hong and
Pei "

those on
(?)

the

left

" two and

a half 1/16 Song

0.

Bust to

front, in relief.
for the

E. Four raised Chinese characters, the two on the right

name

of the

Hong, and those on the

left

for " two and

a half 1/16 Song Pei."

No. 20. 0. Same as No.

19.

E.
No. 21.

"

One Song
of

Pei," in

0.
E. E.

Horse

in relief,

two incused Chinese characters. with " Salung" in raised Chinese character.
(t&^Bg) in

No. 22

Name
Name

Hong
Hong

two blue Chinese

two blue Chinese

characters.

0. Fancy design
of

in relief,

(gold dust bag?)

(glfc) in

characters.

No. 23.

No. 24. No. 25.

Same as proceeding, but smaller. Same as preceeding, but still smaller. " O. Water bottle in relief, with " Fuang
character.

in

raised Chinese

E.

Name

of

Hong

No. 26.

O.
E.

(0$S,) in
relief.

two blue Chinese

chaiucters.

Flower design in

E. " Salung " in raised Siamese chaiacter. No. 27. O. Tiger in relief, with " Fuang " in raised Chinese character.

Name

of

Hong

No. 28.

O. O.

(J|

fij)

in in

two blue Chinese

relief,

characters.

Fancy fretwork design

with

name

of

Hong in

raised Chinese character.

E. " Salung "

No. 29.

in incused Chinese character. in

relief,

Fancy fretwork design

with " Good luck " in

raised Chinese character.

SIAMESE POllCELAIN AND- OTHER TOKENS.

E. Same as No. 28.

11

No. 30.

0.

Fancy fretwork desiga

1.

in relief, with

name

of

Hong

in

raised Chinese character.

E. Same as No.
No. 31.

No. 32.

0. 0.

and E. " Fuang "

in Chinese characters.

Name
Name

of

Hong
Hong

in Chinese character.

E. " Fuang " in blue Siamese character.

No. 33.

O.
O.
0.
K.

of

in twoCliinese characters.

E. " Salung " in Chinese character.

No.

34.

Same

as preceeding, but smaller

and with " Fuang " (^) on

characters.

Eev.

No. 35. No. 36.

No. 37.

Name
Same

of

Hong

in

two .'Chinese;

E. Same as No. 33.

as preceeding, but smaller with "

Fuang

"

(^) on

Eev.

0.

(^) on Eev. No. 39. 0. Name Hong two Chinese No. E. Same No. Same preceeding, but smaller with "Fuang" on Eev.
No. 38.
" of
in

of Hong in two Chinese characters. Same as No. 33. Same as preceeding, but smaller with " Fuang
characters.

Name

as

33.

40.

as

(;j^)

No. 41,

0.

Name

of

Hong

in

two Chinese characters.

E. Same as No. 33. No. 42.

Same
0.

as preceeding, but smaller with "

Fuang " (^) on Eev.

No. 43.
No. 44.

Name

of

Hong

in

two Chinese

characters.

E. Same as No. 33.

No. 45.

Same 0. Name
:

as preceeding, but smaller with " of

Fuang

"

(j^)

on Eev.

Hong
1.

in

two Chinese

characters.

E. Same as No.

Note
No. 46. No. 47.

The

porcelain of this token has not got such a good glaze

as the others of this series.

Same as preceeding, but smaller with O. Name of Hong two Chinese

in

"

Fuang

"

(^) on Eev.

characters.

E. Same as No.

1.

Note

The porcelain

of this token, although with a good glaze, is

of a darker colour than the rest of this class.

12

SIAMESE POECELAIN AKD OTHEB TOKENS.

No. 48.

O.

Name

of

Hong
1.
is

in

two Chinese

characters.

B. Same as No.

Note

-.This piece

thicker than most others.

in

No. 49. O.

Name

of

Hong
1.

two Chinese

characters.

K. Same as No.

No. 50.

Name of Hong in two Chinese characters. No 33. Note :This piece has been covered with red sealing wax
E. Same as
the colo r
is

O.

and

the

consequently of a reddish hue.

No. 51. O. No.

Name

of

Hong
(:jtf)

in

two Chinese two Chinese

characters.

E. " Fuang "

in red Chinese character.

in

52.-0 Name
E.

of

Hong

characters.

Same as No. 1. No. 53. Same as preceeding,

differently.

but the characters ere written somewhat

No. 54.

0.

Name

of

Hong
1.

in

two Chinese two Chinese

characters.

E. Same as No. No. 65. No. 56.

O.

Name of Hong

in

characters.

E. " Saking " in Chinese character.

Same
O.

as preceeding, but the position

and characters are

some*-

what
No.
67.

different.

Same as No. 55, but smaller with "Fuang " on Eev.

Name
of

No. 58.
No. 59.

Hong

in four Chinese characters.

E, Same as No. 55.

Same

as preceeding, including

size,

but

the Eev.

as in

No. 57.

No. 60.
No. 61.

Same as preceeding, but

writing
is

position of characters

and manner

of

different.

O.
O.

Name

of

Hong

in four Chinese characters.

E. Same as No. 55.

No. 62.
No. 63.

Name of Hong in two Chinese characters. E. " Fuang " in Chinese character. Name Name
of

O.

Hong
1

in

two

raised Chinese character?

E. Same as No.

No.

64.

O.

E. "

of Hong in two incused One Fuang " ( 5^) in two

Chinese characters.
blue Chinese characters.

SIAMESE rOUCELAIN AND OTHER TOKENS.

No. 65. No. 66.

13

O. O.
E.

Name

of

Hong

in

two incused Chinese

characters.

E. "

Fuang Same as No.

" in incused Chinese character.

65.
"

"Two
Name
Same

and a half 1/16 of a Song Pei

in

two incased

Chinese characters.

No. 67.
No. 68.

O.
E.

of as of

Hong
No.
1.

in four incused Chinese characters.

O.

in four incused Chinese characters. E. " Salung " (^) in incused blue Chinese character.

Name

Hong

No. 69.

Same
O.

as preceeding, but not so thick.

{-jj)

No. 70.Same as No. 08, but smaller with "Fuang"

on Eev.

No. 71.
No. 72.

Name

of

Hong

in four raised Chinese characters.

E. " Salung " in raised Chinese character.

Same
0.
0.

as preceeding, but the position

and

charactei's are

some-

what
No. 73.^0. No. 74. No. 75.
No. 76.

different.

Name Name

of

Hong
Hong Hong
in

in

two
two

raised Chinese characters.

E. Same as No. 31.

of in
raised Chinese cliaracters.

E. Same as No. 31

Name

of

in

two incused Chinese

characters.

E. " 25 "

(lit?)

two blue Chinese

characters.

0. O.

" Wealth " in raised Chinese character.

E. " 100
No. 77.

Pa
of

" in

two incused Chinese

in three raised

characters.

Name

Hong

Chinese characters.
tiger in relief.

E. " Salung " in incused Chinese character and a

No. 78.
No. 79.

0.

Name
Four

of

Hong

in two raised Chinese characters.

''

E. Chop mark and " Salung

in incused

Chinese characters.

0.
O.

raised Chinese characters, the top

and bottom and

for the
left for

name
E. Plain.

of the

Hong and

those on the right

" Silver

Fuang."

No. 80.

Four

raised Chinese characters, the top

and bottom
" Silver

for the

name of the Hong, and

E. Plain.

the right and

left for

Fuang."

Note.

The

material of this token

is

more

like

earthenware than

porcelain.

^^

SIAMESE PORCELAIN AND OTHER TOKENS.

No. 81. 0.

Name

of

Hong

in

two

raised Chinese characters.

R. Plain.

Note.

See remarks to preceeding.

Name
Plain.

No. 82,-0.

of

Hong

in

two

raised Chinese characters.

R
No. 83.

No. 84.

Same as preceeding, but larger and wareof a more reddish hue. O. Name of Hong in four raised Chinese characters.
11.

Two

Chinese characters indictiting the value.

(Fuang Pi?).
in three raised

No. 85. O. The year of the cock (1740, 1800 or 1860)

Chinese characters.

E.

Two

black Chinese characters (evidently added

(

later)

with

the nanieof the ITong above

No

86.

0.

^) and

"

Fuang "

(:^) below.

" Precious Stone " in raised Chinese character,

(May

also

No, 87.

mean " jade " or " ball,") R. Same as No. 66. O. Name of Hong in two raised
Illegible.

Chinese characters.

E.

Note,
No.
88.

O.
R.

This

piece

is

of very poor
in

workmanship.

Name
Same

of

Hong
1.

two

raised Chinese characters.

as No.

No

89.

R.

Name

of

Hong
1.

in

two

raised Chinese characters,

R. Same as No,

No, 90.

0. Name of Hong
Same
as No, 1.

in four raised Chinese characters.

Note.
No, 91.

This
"

piece

was evidently made

in imitation of the ordinary

current Chinese cash with a square hole in the centre

0,
R.

Name

of

Hong
"

in four raised Chinese characteiB.

One Fuang
of

(
in

^^T)

in

two blue Chinese

characters,

NoTn
No, 92.

See remarks to preceeding, but hole goes right through.

O,
E.

Name
Same Same

Hong

two

raised Chinese characters.

as No. 31.

No. 93
No. 91.

O
O.

as preceeding,

but characters on Rev. are written

differently.
Belt in relief, witli "

Fufing " in incused Chinese character

and two

raised

Chinese characters for the

name

of the

Hong.

StAMESF. PORCELAIN

AND OTHER TOKENS.

15

E. Six incused Chinese characters. The three on the right and the two on the left, five in all, for a poetical quotation " In
the four seasons,

the best

is

autumn."

The bottom
Hong.

character on the

left is

the " chop" of the

is

Note.
No.
No.
95.

In the

coloured illustration this chop

painted blue,

by

mistake,

when

it

ought to ,be white.

the position and characters on the

Same as preceeding, but

Eeverse are

different.

96.

O.

Bird in

relief,

with " Salung" in incused Chinese character.

R. The name of the

bably the

Hong

in

two incused Chinese characters

above, a Siamese incused insctiption in the centre (pro-

name

of the

Hong) and " Salung " below

is

in incused Siamese character.

No.

No.

Same as preceeding, but smaller and the valu " Fnang" " 98. 0. Figure of a man, in with " Song Pei with a
97
(^gf)

relief,

scroll

in

two incused Chinese

characters.

E. Plain. No.
99.

O.

Fancy ornamental design in relief, with the name of the Hong in two incused Chinese characters.

E. Five incused Chinese characters.

for the

The

three on the right

name

of the

maker

of this counter, while the

two on the
No. 100.

left for

" 200 Pa."

0.

Lion
the

in relief with incused

Siames inscription (probably

name

of the Hong),

and " Salung

" in Siamese in-

cused character.

E. Eight incused Chinese characters.

The two on

the right,
left,

with the three in the centre and the top one on the
six in
all,

for

a poetical quotation
is

"As
is

far

as

the

sight can reach, the grass

green."

The two lower

" the " chop

characters on the
of the

left,

within an oblong,

Hong.
relief,

No

101. O. Lion in

with " 1/16 Song Pei "

(?)

in raised (>hi

ese

character.

Siamese incused inscription (probably the

name

of the

Hong) and " Salung

" in

Siamese incused

character.

E. Eight incused Chinese characters.

The

three on the right

10

SIAMESE I'ORCELAIN AND OTHEB TOKENS.

with the three in the centre and the top one on the
left,

seven in

all,

for a poetical quotation "

is

In the fourth

month (May)

the weather

very fine and agveable and

all

the downpours of rain cease

of a sudden."
circle,
is

The
the

bottom character on the

" chop " of the

left,

within a

Hong.

Note.

I can not account

why

this counter

has on the Ob. two

different values, 1/16

Song

Pel, in Chinese,

and Salung
this

in

Siamese.
is

Schlegel,
1 16 in his

while describing

token,

which

No.

work, gets out of the

difficulty

by

interpreting the Chinese character as

^,

with which

rendering I

am
in

unable to agree.
relief,

No. 102. O. Figure of a god

ese character,

with " Salung " in incused Chinthis

and name of

Buddha

in

two

raised

Chinese characters.

E. Eight incused Chinese cljaracters, meaning " and Benown and Wealth exist for ever." No. 103.

May Fame

0.

Two

figures in relief.

E. Four Chinese

characters.

The

top and bottom for the

name

of the Hong, the right and left for " in relief.

One Salung."

No. 104. O. Figure of God E. Four Chinese

characters.

name

of the

Hong, the

right

The top and bottom for the and )e& for " One 1/16

Song Pei."
No. 105. O. Bird in relief. E. Four blue Chinese
(5f!l)

characters.

The

top {^) and bottom

for the for "

(^)

name One 1/16 Song

of the Hong, the right

Pei."

() and

left

No. 106. O. Fancy let in design with four Chinese incused characters, the two on top for the name of the Hong and those in the centre for " Song Pei."
E. Plain.

No. 107. O.
R.

Two
Two

conventional cash in

relief,

with

"

Gold Faang "

iu

two
No. J08.--O. Tiger

raised Chinese characters.

blue Chinese characters

in relief.

{]g^)

for " Currency."

SIAMESE rORCELAIN AND OTHER TOKENS.

E. Same as No.
1.

17

No. 109. O. Fish

No. 110.

with "Fnang " in raised Chinese character. Hong E. Name of (jlgjEl) "i two'bkie Chinese characters. O. Name of Hong in raisacl Chinese character above and
in
relief,

" Salung " in Chinese character below.

E. Plain.

No. 111.

Same as preceediug, but smaller with " Fuang" No. 112. O. Name of Hong in raised Chinese character.
E. " Salung "
(g]S)

(^).

in incased blue Chinese character. in raised Chinese character.

No. 113.

O.

Name

of

Hong

No. 114.

E. "200" (^S") in two blue Chinese characters. O. Name of Hong in raised Chinese character.
E. " Eight " in raised Chinese character.

No. 115.

O.

Name

of

Hong

in raised Chinese character.

is

E. The value in blue Chinese characters, but which

gible.

ille-

No. 116.

0.
O.
0.

Name Name

of

Hong
(^)
1.

iu

two two

raised Chinese characters.

E. " Salung "

in incused blue Chinese character. in raised Chinese charactei-s.

No. 117.
No. 118. No. 119. No. 120. No. 121.

of

Hong

E. Same as No.

Same as preceeding, but smaller with the Eev. as No. 31.

Name Name
of

Hong

in

two

raised Chinese characters.

E. " Fuang "

0.

(>^) in incused blue

Chinese character.

of

Hong

in t\yo raised Chinese characters.

E. " Salung " (^) in incused blue Chinese character. O. Name of Hong in two raised Chinese characters. E. " Salung "
(^^) in incused blue

Chinese character.
coin, those

No. 122.

0.

European characters round the

above for the

name

of the

Hong, those below (MACCONOCHA.SEI)

probably for the

name

of the locality.

In the

centre,

four Chinese characters for the E. " Fuang " in Chinese character.

name

of the

Hong.

No. 123.

^^O.

Name
Name

of

Hong
1.

in four raised Chinese characters.

E. Same as No.

No. 124.

O.

of as

Hong
No.

in four raised Chinese characters.

E. Same

1,.

SIAMESE PORCELAIN AND OTHER TOKENS.

No. 125. 0.

Name

of

Hong
(after)

in four raised

Chinese characters.

E. Same as No. 31.

No. 12(50. " Month

month

great gains " in four raised Chine-

se chavHcters;.

No. 127.
No. 128.

O.

" t'unr.g "

(3;^;

in incused Chinese character.

Name
Name

of

Hong
1

in four raised Chinese characters.

E. Same as No.

O.

cf

Hong

in four raised

Chinese characters.

No. 129.

0.

K. " Salung " {^) in incused blue Chinese character.

Name

of

Hong

four raised Chinese characters.

E. " Salung "

No. 130.

O.
O.

Name

of

(^) in incused blue Chinese character. Hong in four raised Chinese characters.
in incased blue

E. " Salung " (^)

Eev.

Chinese character.
"

No. 131. Same as preceeding, but smaller No. 132.

-with

Fuang

"

(>^)

on the

Name

of

Hong

in four incused Chinese characters.

(?)

E. " 1/16 Song Pel"

No. 183. O. Five
raised

in raised Siamese character within

relief.

a fancy wheel pattern in

Chinese characters.

The

four round

the

token for the

name

of the

Hong, the

central one for

" 1/16 Song Pel."

E. Plain.

No. 134.

O.

Four

raised Chinese characters.

Top and bottom

left for

for the

name of the Hong, right and E. " Salung " (^) in incused blue Chinese character. No. 135,-0. Name of Hong in two raised Chinese characters. E. Tiger in relief, with "1/16 Song Pei " in incused Chinese
character.

" Currency."

No. 136. O.

E.

Name of Hong in two raised The Pa Kua (mystic device

with "

Chinese characters.
to read the future) in relief

Fuang

" in raised Chinese character.

No. 137. O. Name of Hong in two raised Chinese characters. E. Floral design in relief, with " Fuang " in raised Chinese
character.

No. 138.

Same as

preceeding, but the position of the characters on

is

Eev.

somewhat

different.

SIAMESE PORCELAIN AND OTHEB TOKENS.

No. 139.

19

O.

Name

of

Hong

in

two incused Chinese characters.

(?)

B. "1/16 Song Pei "

in raised Siamese character within

relief.

a fancy wheel pattern in

No. 140.
No. 141.

O.
O.

Name of Hong
relief,

E. Lion in

in two raised Chinese characters. with " Fuang " in Chinese character. in four raised Chinese characters. with " Saiung " in Chinese character.
is

Name

of

Hong

E. Horse

in relief,

Note.
No. 142.
.No. 143.

The Obverse
Four

of the above piece

made

in imitation of the

O.

ordinary Chinese cash with a hole in the centre. Same as preceeding, but smaller with ' Fuang "
raised Chinese characters.

(^) on Eev. Top and bottom for the

left for

name
E. Bird
No. 144.

of the

Hong,

right

and

" Silver

(?)

1/16

Song Pei."
in relief.

O.

Four

raised Chinese characters.

Top and bottom

left for

for the

name of the Hong,

Song Pei."
E. Tiger incased.

right

and

" Secret

(?)

1/16

No. 145.

O.

Either the

name

of the

Hong

in four raised Chinese

characters or a felicitous inscription

"

Day and

Spring,

Happiness of the Sea."

E. Eabbit
No. 146.
in relief,

with " Saiung " in raised Chinese character.

O. Four

raised Chinese characters.

name

of the
relief

Hong,

right

and

left for

Top and bottom for the " One Saiung."

it

E. Peach in

No. 147. O. Felicitous inscription " As you wish

Chinese characters

" in two raised

in raised

above and " Saiung "

Siamese character below;

E. " Saiung " in raised Chinese character.

Note.
No. 148.

This counter
Name
of

is

made
in

of coloured glass.

O.

Hong

two

raised Chinese characters,

with

KEE

below.

E. " Saiung " in raised Chinese character

pattern in
relief.

within

a star

No. 149. 0. Figure in

relief,

name

of the

with two Hong.

raised Chinese characters for the

20

SIAMESE PORCELAIN AND OTHER TOKENS.

E. " One Salung "
in

two incused Chinese

characters.

No.

50.

0.

Figure in

relief,

with two raised Chinese characters for the

No. 151. No. 152.

name of the Hong. E. Same as No. 149. O. Name of Hong (M'^)

E. Figure in
relief,

ii^ two blue Chinese characters; with " Fuang" in raised Chinese character.

0.

(tI^) in two blue Chinese characters. E. Frog with flower pot, in relief, with " Salung " in raised
of

Name

Hong

Chinese character.

No. 153.

Same as preceeding, but smaller, with " Euang " on Rev. No. 154, O. Nauie of Hong (::fc two blue Chinese
in

characters.
in

E. Horse with flower basket, in

incused Chinese character.

relief,

with " Salung "

No.

Four blue Chinese

for the

characters.

Top
right
(

(j^)

and bottom,
left

(^
for

name

of the

Hong,

and

(^)

"

One Salung."
leaf, in relief.

Beetle on

Name
No. 157 No. 158.

of

Hong

E. Fish in

relief,

two incused Chinese characters. with " Salung" in raised Chinese character.
in in

O.
O.

Name

of

Hong

two Chinese
in

characters.

R. Fish in

relief,

with " Salung" in raised Chinese character.

Name

of

Hong (t^^)

two blue Chinese

relief,

character.
in raised

E. Goose and flower pot, in

Chinese character.

with

"Fuang"

No. 159.

0.
O.

Name

of

Hong
relief,

(ISi^,) in

two blue Chinese

of

characters.

R. Crab in

relief.

No. 160.

Bird in

with

name

Hong

in raised

Chinese

character.

E. Same as No.

1
relief,

No. 161.

O.

Floral wreaths in

with

name

of

Hong

in

two

raised

Chinese characters.

E. Same as No. 31.

No. 162.

O.

Floral

wreaths in

relief,

with the

name

of the

Hong

in

two

raised Chinese character's.

in incused Chinese character

E. " Salung "

above and another

undecypherable character below,

like a written "

H."

SIAMESE PORCELAIN AND. OTHEE TOKENS.

No. 163.

21

O.

Name

of

Hong

in

two incused Chinese characters.

with " Fuang " in incused Chinese

E. Floral basket in
character.

relief,

No. 164.
No. 165. No. 166.

0. Name of Hong in four incused

R.
"

Chinese characters.

Salung "
as

(^)

in incused blue

Chinese character.

Same
0.

preceeding,

but

smaller

with

"

Fuang " on

Ee verse. Name of Hong

is

in four raised Chinese characters.

E. " Salung"

in raised

Chinese character.
glass.

Note.
No.
167.

This counter made of coloured 0. Undecypherable

is

raised characters,

E. " Salung " in raised Siamese character.

Note.
No. 168.

This counter made of coloured O. Name of Hong in two raised Chinese characters.
glass.

E. Figure in

relief.
is

Note.
No. 169.

This counter very roughly made coloured engraved. 0. Figure and E. Design engraved. made counter mother of Note.
of
design,
^This
is

glass.

of

pearl, similar to those

used for games in Europe, imported from China.

No. 170.

0.
E.

Name of Hong in raised Chinese character. Name of Hong (?) in raised Chinese character
tain.")
is

(lit.

"

moun-

Note.
No. 171.

0. and R. Openwork design snow. made of counter Note.

^This
is

This counter

made

of cast brass.
in
relief,

allegorically representing

cast brass.

(B)

PENTAGONAL SHAPES.
with " Salung " in incused Chinese cha-

No. 172.

O.

Sword

in relief,

racter.

E. Eight incused Chinese

in
all,

characters.

The three on the right,

left,

the three in the centre and the top one on the

for a poetical quotation "

seven

The moon
a "chop "

obscured, the

soldiers

can pass

in

the night the Yellow Eiver.''

left is

The

bottom character on the

mark

or seal.

22

SIAMESE PORCELAIN AXD OTHER TOKENS,

(C)

HEXAGONAL SHAPES.
Hong
in four raised Chinese characters.

No, 173.

O.
E.

Name

of

" Salung " in Chinese character.

"

Chop " mark

incused

below.

No. 174.

O.

No. 175.

No. 176.

raised Chinese characters. Top and bottom for the name of the Hong, right and left for " Silver Salung." B. Same as No. 1. Same as preceeding, but smaller with " Silver Fuang" (li'j^) on Ob. and " Fuang " ( j^) on Eeverse. O. Four white raised Chinese characters. Top (fl)) and bottom (^) for the name of the Hong, right (^) and

Four

left Cijr) for

" Silver Fuang;"

E. Same as No. 31.

Note.
No. 177. No.

This

piece is not illustrated, being

somewhat the same

shape as No. 175, but more elongated.

O.

Name

of

Hong
1.

in four raised Chinese characters.

E. Same as No.

178 O, Name

of

Hong in two
in

raised Chinese characters.

characters.

B. " Four Hundred "

two incused Chinese

No. 179.
No. 180.

O.

Name

of

Hong

in two raised Chinese characters.

E. " Salung " (f|) in incused blue Chinese character. 0. Name of Hong in two raised Chinese characters.
E. Same as No.
1.

Note. The ware of this counter is not as white as the others. No. 181. O. Name of Hong in two raised Chinese characters.
E. Same as No. 31. Note. The ware of this counter No. 182.-^0.
No. 183. O.
is

not as white as the others.

Name Name

of

Hong
Hong

in

two

Chinfese characters.

E. Same as No. 33.

of
(ifil'S')

in

two gold Chinese Characters.

Note.
No. 184-

E. Plain.
^This counter, not illustrated, is the

same shape as No.

182.

but somewhat bigger.

O.

Name

of

Hong

in

two Chinese

characters.

E. " Fuang " in Chinese character.

^I.\Mi:Si:

I'OUCELAl.N

AND

UiUi:i:

HJKl^NS.

23

Ko. 185.
No, 18G.

0.
E.

X;Liue of Ilong in four incused Cliinese characters.

Same

as No. of

1.

O.
iv.

Name
Same Same

Hong
1.

in

two wised Chinese characters.

raised Chinese characters.

as No.

No. 187. 0. N.uue of Hong

E.
as No.
is 1.

in

two

Note.
No. 188.

There
four

a faint

mark on

the Reverse of this counter, but

not

illustrated in the

drawing, which might be a "chop" mark.

literal

0.

raised

Cliinese characters,

meaning " 10.000

Treasures (for the) Dynastic Emperor."

E. Same as No.

1.

No. 189.

0. " 200 " in two raised Chinese characters.

E.

" Precious stone," (See

No. 86.)

in raised

Chinese character.

No. 190.

0.

Name

of

Hong

in

two

raised Chinese characters,

E. Fancy design in

relief,

with " 1/16 Song Pei " in incused

Chinese character.

No. 191. No. 192.

O.

of Hong in four raised Chinese characters. E. Plant with " Fuang " in Chinese character, both incused.

Name
Name

0.
0.

of

Hong
and
"

in four raised

Chinese characters.

E. Fish

in relief,

with

" Salung " in incused Chinese chaalso let in.

racter

chop " mark,

No. 193.

Name

of

Hong

in four raised Chinese characters.

relief,

E. Flower basket in
No, 194.

with

"

1/16 Song Pei " in incused

Chinese character.

0.

Name

of

Hong

in four incused

Chinese characters.
raised Chinese character.
in

E. Lion

in relief,
is

Note.

There

"Fuang " in an incused chop mark

with
is scarcely visible

the obverse

of this

counter which

and

not- illustrated in the

drawing.

No. 195,

Same as preceeding, but the colouring

is

in the design of

Eeverse

somewhat

different.

No. 196.

O.

Eight incused Chinese characters.

the three in the centre and the
in
ly
all,

The two on
two on the

the right,
left,

first

seven

for a poetical quotation "

Look

at all things quiet-

and

they

will

seem
a

contented,"

The bottom

character on the

left is

"chop" mark-

24

SIAMESE PORCELAIN AND OTHEE TOKENS.

E. Lion in
relief,

with " Salung " in raised Chinese character.

(See No. 17) in
relief.

No, 197. 0. Crowned Head,

E. Four
the

raised Chinese characters.

The two on

the

rin;ht for
left

name
in

of the

Hong, and those on the

for

" twelve

and a half 1/16 Song Pei."

relief.
1

No. 198. 0. Elephant

No, 199. No. 200.

E. Same as No.

0.
0.

Lion in

relief.

E. Same as No. 165.

Name

of

Hong

E. Fish in

relief,

in two incused Chinese characters. with " Salung " in raised Chinese character.

No. 201.

Same as precsediug, but shade red more pronounced. erroneously placed in Plate XIV among NoXB. This counter
of
is

the

octagonal shapes.

No, 2D2,

0.
O.

Two

fishes in

relief,

with

name

of

Hong

in

two

raised

Chinese characters.

E. Flower basket in
character.

relief,

with " Salung " in raised Chinese

No. 203.

Two

dragons

in relief,

with

name

of

Hong
in

in

two

raised

Chinese characters.

E. Flower in
character.

relief,

with

" Salung "

raised

Chinese

No. 204,

0.

Two

wreaths in

relief,

with two raised Chinese characters,

of the

the top for the

name
relief.

Hong, the bottom

for

"Salung."
E. Flower design, in
(D)

HEPTAGONAL SHAPES.
is

No. 205.

Note.

0. and E. Fancy openwork design. This counter made

(E)

of cast brass.

OCTAGONAL SHAPES.
Hong
1.

No. 206. No. 207.

O.
E.

Name
Same

of

in

two

raised Chinese characters.

as No. of

0.

Name

Hong
1.

in

two raised Chinese

characters.

E. Same as No,

BIA3IESE FOBOELAIN

AND QTHEB TOKENS.

"

25
(>^)

No. 208.

Same aa preceeding, but smaller with

verse.

Faang "

on Ee-

No. 209.
No. 210. No. 211.

0.

Name
Name

of

Hong
Hong
1.

in

two

raised Chinese characters.

E. Same as No. 31.

0. O.
E.

of

in four raised Chinese characters.

E. Same as No.

Same

as preceeding, but smaller with

"Fuang"

{;^)

on

Eeverse.

No. 212.

Name
Same

of as of

Hong
No. 1

in four raised Chinese characters.

No. 213.

0.

Name

Hong
1.

in four raised Chinese characters.

E. Same as No.

No. 214. O. Bird in

E. Deer in No. 215.

relief. relief.

Sarae

;0.

as preceeding, but half the size (evidently for a smaller

value).

No. 216.
No. 217.

Name of Hong in raised Chinese character. E. " Salung " in incused Chinese character.

0.

Name

of

Hong

in

two Chinese

characters.

E. Same as No. 31.

No. 218.

O. O.
0,

" Value 50 " in two Chinese characters.

(It

may

perhaps

be the

name

of the Hong.)

E. Plain.

No. 219.

Name

of

Hong

in

two Chinese

characters.

E. Same as No. 31.

No. 220.

No. 221. No. 222.

Name of Hong in two Chinese characters. E. " Salung " (^) in yellow Chinese character. O. Name of Hong in incused Chinese character. E. " 400 " in two raised Chinese characters. Name
of

0.

Hong

in

two incused Cbinese

characters.

E. Seven incused Chinese characters,

literal

meaning " Very

(?)

old jade together with Salung six thousand "

No. 223.

Same as preceeding,
somewhat

but position of characters on Eeverse

is

different.

No. 224.^0.

Name

of

Hong
1.

in four raised Chinese characters.

E. Same as No.

26

SIAMESE PORCELAIN AND OTHER TOKENS.

No. 226.

0.

Name

of

Hong

in four raised Chinese ch .racters.

E. Plain.

Note.
No. 226.

The

Eeverse of

this

counter and that of the next one

is

usually found coated with sealing wax.

No. 227. No. 228.

Same as preceeding, but the characters are written O. Name of Hong in two raised Chinese characters.
E. Same as No.
1.

differently.

O.
O.
0.
E.

Name Name Name

"

of

Hong
1.

in

two

raised Chinese characters.

E. Same as No.

No. 229.
No. 230.

of Hong in four incused Chinese characters. " " 25 in three incused Chinese characters. E.
of

Hong
to

in four raised Chinese characters.

100

Wen
ot

" in two Chinese characters.

Note.
No. 231.

0.

See remarks
Name
E.
Illegible,

No. 9 1
in four raised Chinese characters.

Hong

probably the value.

No. 232.
No. 233.

O.

Name of Hong in two raised Chinese characters. E. " Salung " (^) in incused blue Chinese character. Top and bottom O. Four raised Chinese characters.
name
Pei."

for the

of the

Hong,

right

and

left

for " Silver 1/16 Song

E. Crab, incused.

No. 234.

O.

Eight incused Chinese characlers.

for a poetical quotation "

The two on

the right,
left,

the four in the centre and the top one on the

in
is

seven

all,

What

is

pleasure to

me

so to every one."

The bottom character on the

left is

a " chop " mark.

No. 235.

O.
O.

" ]/16 Song Pei " in incused Siamese character.

characters,

E. " One hundred " in two Chinese

evidently

added afterwards.

No. 236.

Name

of

Hong

in

two Chinese
in relief,

characters.

E. Flower and branch,

with " Salung " in raised

Chinese character.

A " chop "

mark, within an oval, letin.

'J

No. 237.

0.

Eight incused Chinese characteis.

'he

two on the
all,

right,

and the
of the

first

two

in the centre, four in

last

for the

name

Hong.

The

two

in the centre for the year

No.

28
No. 252.

SIAMESE PORCELAIN AND OTHER TOKENS.

>Saiue as

No. 233, but the colour

is

black green.

The

illustra-

tion has

by mi&t.ike been painted the same colour as

No. 233.

No. 253.

0.

of Hong in four raised Chinese characters. E. " S.ilung " in Chinese character and "chop " mark within

Name
an

oval.

No. 254.

0. O.
0. 0.
E.

Name

of

Hong
relief,

E. Tiger in

in four raised Chinese characters. with " Salung " in raised Chinese character.
this counter is

Note.
No. 255.

The material out of which

more

made

ressembles

terra-cotta or earthenware, than porcelain.

Head

of

Chinaman with hat

(see

on, in

relief.

E. " Precious Stone " No. 256.

No. 86) and " Salung "

for the

in

two

raised Chinese characters.

Four

characters.

Top and bottom

name

of the

Hong,

right for " Salung," in three Chinese characters.

in Siamese character.

The left for " Salung" E. Gourd in relief.

No. 257.

European bust
"

to face, in relief.

One Salung

" in

two

raised Chinese characters above,

and Siamese
of the Hong).

inscription below.

(Probably the

name

Note.

This
scribed.

is

the most perfect counter of

all

those herein de-

The workmanship, drawing,

colouring

and material

are far superior to that

illustration giving

found in any of the other tokens, the

but a poor idea of this superb piece.

in relief,

No. 268.

0.

Flower design

with

name

of

Hong

in

two

raised

Chinese characters. E. " Salang " in Chinese character.

(F)

STAR SHAPES.

No. 259. No. 260.

O.

Name of Hong in two raised Chinese characters. E. " Salung " in raised Chinese character.
Five raised Chinese characters.
the

O.

name

of the

The two on the right for Hong. The three on the left for " Gold

3 J cash."

SIAMESE POBCELAIN AND OTHER TOKENS.

E. Three raised Chinese characters.
"

29
the right for
"

The two on

Sun and Moon

of

"

and the one on the

left for

Fuang,"

No. 261. 0. and E. Plain.

No. 262.

O.

Name

Hong

in three raised

Chinese characters.
in

E. Lizard

in

relief,

with " Saluug "

incused

Chinese

character.

No. 263.
No. 264.

Same

as preceediiig, but the position of the lizard

on the

Eeverse

is

different.
(;jr)

Same as No. 2G2, but smallci with " Fuang " No. 265. Same as precscding, bul the position of
Eeverse
is

on

Eevei-se.

tlie

lizard

on the

different.

No. 266.

0.

Name

of

Hong

in

two Chinese characters.

E. " Black mfitiil

(?)

Fuang

" in

two Chinese characters.

No. 2G7.

0. Name of Hong
E. " Pai, Pa "
in

in raised

Chinese characler.
characters.

two Chinese
with "

No. 268.

0.

Name
ter

of

Hong

in four incused

Chinese characters.
charac-

E. Fish
No. 269.

in

relief,

and

" chop "

Sakmg " in incused Chinese mark within a circle.

0.

Chinese Lyre, in
character.

relief,

with " Salung" in incused Chinese

E. Eight incused Chinese characters.

the three in

The

three on the right,

left,

the centre and the top one on the

for a poetical quotation "

seven in

all,

The beauty

of a

plum
the

tree

can not be surpassed."

a " chop " mark.
(religious

The bottom one on

with " Salung
'''

left is

No. 270.

0.

Fancy design

hat?) in

relief,

in

incused Chinese character.

B. Eight incuSed Chinese

cliaracters.

The three on

the right,
left,

the three in the centre and the top one on the

in
all,

seven

for a poeticil quotation

about pride of a famous

left
is

fast horse.

The bottom
relief,

character on the

"chop " mark.

No. 271.

O.
E.

Peacock in
character.

with

" Salung "

in

incused

Chinese

Name
top

of

Hong

in

two incused Chinese characters on the

line,

a Siamese incused inscription, probably the

30

SIAMESE PORCELAIN AND OTHEB TOKENS.

name
No. 272.

of the

Hong,
with

in the centrajjline

and " Sahing "

in

incused Siamese character in the bottom.

O.

Bird in

relief,

name

of

Hong

in

two

raised Chinese

characters.

E. " Salung " in incused Chinese character.

No. 273. No. 274.

Same as preceeding, but the

is

position of the character

on Eev.

somewhat

different.

No. 276.

0. and E. " Salung " Siamese character. 0. Name of Hong four Chinese characters
in in

raised

let

in

within

circles.

E. " Salung "

No. 276.
No. 277.

in raised Chinese character.

O.
0.

Hong four raised Chinese characters. " E. Salung " in raised Chinese character.
of

Name Name

of

Hong

in four raised Chinese characters.

E. " Salung " in incused Siamese character above and " 1/16

Song Pei "

No. 101). No. 278. No. 279.

in incused Chinese character below.

(See

O.

Name

of

Hong

in

two

raised Chinese characters.

E. "

Fuang

" in raised Chinese character.

(See

O.

"Precious Stone ^' in incused Chinese character.

No. 86). E. " One Pai " in two incused Chinese characters. No. 280. O. and E. Plain.

No. 281.
No. 282.

0. N^ame of Hong in two incused Chinese characters.

E. Same as No.
as
1.
is different.

Same preceeding, but the colouring incused Chinese No. 283. O. Name Hong
tration).

(See

illus-

of

iff

four

characters.

E. " Fuang " in incused Chinese character.

No. 284.

0.

Four

characters.

Top and bottom

right for

for the

name
in

of the
three

Hong, on the

"1/16 Song Pei"

the
left

Chinese characters.

On

" Salung " in Siamese

character. (See No. 101). E. Flower and leaves in relief.

No. 285.

O.

" Curretacy " in raised Chinese character. " E. Salung " in Chinese character alnd " chop " laaxk

let in.

SIAMESE POBCELAIN AHD OTHjEB TOKENS.

No. 286.

31

Same as

preceeding, but the position of the character

is

on the

Rev.

somewhat

different.
{;fy)

No. 287. Same a? No. 208, but smaller with " Fuang "

on Eev.

O. and E. Openwork fancy wheel Note. counter made of No. 289; More or the same as preceeding,
No. 288.
^This
is

design.

cast brass.

less

inclnding metal, but the

design

is

little different,

and not openwork.

(G)

OVAL SHAPES.
Hong,
right

No. 290.

O. 0.

Four

raised Chinese characters.

name
E. Tiger in
No. 291.

of the
relief.

Top and bottom, for the and left for " One Salung."

Bust
the

to face, in relief. raised Chinese characters.

E. Five

name of 625 Wen."

No. 292.

the

The two on the right for Hong, the three on the left for " Gold

Same

as preceeding, but smaller with four raised Chinese

characters on the Eev., the

two on the
on the

right for the

left for

name
No. 293.

of the

Hong and

those

" Five

1/16 Song Pei."

Same
0.

as preceeding, but the position of the characters

is

on .Eev.

somewhat
of

different.

No. 294.
No. 295.

in two raised Chinese characters. E. " Salung " in Chinese character.

Name

Hong

0.

Name

of

Hong

in four incused

Chinese characters in the

centre.

Nine incused Chinese characters round the

counter for " 10.000 pieces like this one were

the

made by
for

Hong."

E. Four incused Chinese chamcters.

"

Top and bottom

Hundred Wen,"

right

and

left for

" Eepresentative

value."

Note.
No. 296.

,B.

It

is

curious to observe that the inscription records

of pieces which were issued of this counter.
in four raised Chinese characters.

the

number

O.

Name

of

Hong

" 50 " in two Chinese characters.

82

SIAMESE PORCELAIN AND OTHEE TOKENS.

Note.
No. 297.

Tbe

central hole passes right through the counter,

illustxHtion.

which

is

not apparent in the

O.

Name of Hong
Name
of

in

two

raised Chinese characters.

E. " Song Pei " in

two Chinese

characters.

No. 298.

0.

Hong
"
in

in three raised Chinese characters.

E. Three incused characters.

The

first

two

for " Second

Fuang
Note.
No, 299.

Chinese and

the third for "

Fuang

" in

Siamese.

Schlegel translates this inscription as

the character 2
's

"

the iecoud of the

One Fuang," while Ten Celestial steins.

0.
0.

Name of Hong in two raised Chinese characters. E. " One of these equals to 400 Pa " in five raised Chinese
characters.

No. 300.

Name

of

Hong
relief,

in four raised Chinese characters.

E. Crab in

with

"Song Pei"

in

two

raised Chinese

characters.

No. 301.

0.

Name

of

Hong
*'

in

two

raised Chinese characters.

E. " Salung

in Chinese character

and "chop " mark

let in.

(H)

LOZENGE SHAPES.
in two Chinese characters. with " Salung " in raised Chinese character.

No. 302. O. No. 303.

Name
Name

of

Hong

E. Fish in

relief,

O.

No, 304.

Hong in two raised Chinese characters. E. "Fuang" (>^) in blue Chinese character. O. Name of Hong in two incused Chinese characters.
of

E. " 200 Pa "

in three incused

Chinese characters.

No. 305. 0. Name

K.

of

Hong

in four raised

Chinese characters.

Illegible,

probably the value.

No. 306.

O.

Name

of

Hong
(1)

in four raised Chinese characters.

E. Male and female

principle design, in relief.

LEAF SHAPES.
characters.

No. 307.

0.
O.

Four incused Chinese

for the

name

of the
(?)

The two on the right Hong, and the two on the left for
"

" Black metal

Salung

E. Lotus flower and

No. 308.

leaf, in relief.

Four incused Chinese

characters.

The two on

the right

SIAMESE PORCELAIN AND OTHER TOKENS.

for the

33
left for

name

of the

Hong and

the

two on the

".Secret Salung."

E. Eabbit on No. 309.

leaf, in relief.

0.

Name

of

Hong

(or felicitous

inscription) in

two

raised

Chinese characters.

E. Bird

in relief,

with

"Fuang"

in raised

Chinese character.

(J)

GOURD SHAPES.
in two raised Chinese characters. with " Salung " in raised Chinese character.

No. 310.

O.

Name

of

Hong

E. Fish in

relief,

No. 311. 0. Same as No. 310.

E. Frog

in relief

with " Fuang " in raised Chinese character.

XK)
No. 312.

SCROLL SHAPES.
The
first

0.

Three incused Chinese characters.

and second

on the
the

right for the

name

of the

Hong, and the one on

left for "

1/16 Song Pei."

let in.

E. " Chop " mark

No. 313. O.
No. 314.

Name

of

Hong

in three incused Chinese characters.

E. "Secret Fuang" in two incused Chinese characters.

0. 0.

Name of Hong in two raised Chinese characters. E. " Salung " in incused Chinese character.
Name
of

No. 315.

Hong
in

in four raised Chinese characters.

E. " Salung "

(L)

Chinese character.

BUTTERFLY SHAPES.
relief.

No. 316.-0. Butterfly in

E. Four incused Chinese characters.

for the

The two on

the

riglit

name

of
(?)

tfhe

Hong, and the two on the

left

for

" Black metal

Salung."

No. 317. 0. Butterfly

E. "

in relief.

Fuang

" in raised Chinese character.

relief.

No. 318. 0. Butterfly in

E. Six incused Chinese characters.

(top of the illustration) for the

The four on the right name of the Hong and the

Song Pei.*'

two on the
No. 319.-0. Butterfly in

left

(bottom of the

illustration) for "

relief,

84

SIAMESE PORCELAIN AND OTHER TOKENS.

E. Kix
inciisetl cliarncleis.

Eiglit

and

left for

the

name of the
for

Hong

in

Chinese, the

two

njiddle or upper, probahlj'

also for the s:une in Siamese

and the two lower ones

(See

" Second I/IR Song Pei " in Chinese.

No. 298).

Note.

There

is

a round hole on the Eeverse of this counter for re-

ceiving sealing
tion,

wax with

impression.

(See Introduc-

page

5).

No. 320. O. Butterfly

in relief.
for

E. Central character
lateral
all

probably for

"Fuang" in Chinese arid the two the name of the Hong, in Siamese,

incused.

(M)
No. 321. 0. Bat in
relief.

BAT SHAPES.
Top and bottom
and
left

E. Four incused characters.

of the

for the

name

Hong
to

in Chinese, right

probably for the

same

in Siamese.

Note.

See remarks

No. 319.

No. 322. O. Bat

in relief.

E. " Fuang " in incused Chinese character.

(N)

FISH SHAPES.
for the

No. 323. O.
E.

Two fishes, in- relief. Two incused Chinese characters, top Hong and bottom for " Sailing."
Same
other white.

name

of the

No. 324.

O.

as preceeding, but one of the fishes

is

black and the

E. Five incused Chinese characters.

The

central

one

for

" Sailing," and the .surrounding ones for the Hong.

No.

32.5.

O.
E.

Same as No. 32 J, but both fishes are white. Same as No. 324, but with the central character (^) for " Fuang " and the surrounding ones (J||^&^) for the name of the Hong.
(O)

MISCELLANEOUS SHAPES.
(1765, or

No. 326.-0. The year cf the dog,

Chinese characters.

1825) in three raised

SIAMESE PORCELAIN AND OTHER TOKENS.

E. Incused
des'p;n

35
character in

with " Fuang " above,

(prohably
the

illegible

the centre

name

of

the

Hong) and

"Thousand
No. 327.
No. 328.

" below, in three incused Chinese characters.

in raised Chinese character.

0.

Name
Name
ter.

of

Hon^

E. " One Pai " ("^^^l in two incused blue Chinese characters.

0.

of

Hong
re'ief,

in thiee raised Chinese characters.

E. Beetle in

with

"Fuang"

in incused

Chinese charac-

No. 829.

Same
O.
0.

as preceedinc;, but the position of the beetle

on Eev.

is

somewhat
No. 330.
No. 831.

different.

Name

of

Hong
in

E. " Salung "

in four raise! Chinese characters. Chinese character and "chop " mark

let in.

Name
line,

of

Hong

in

two incused Chinese characters on top and " Fuang "

in Siamese incused

Siamese incused inscription, prcjbubly for the same,

in the central line,

character below.

E. Cock in
ter.

relief,

with " Fuang " in incused Chinese chara-

No. 332.

O.

Fan

in relief, with "

Salung " in incused Chinese character.

E. Eight incused Chinese characters.

right,

The

three on the

wilh the three in the centre and the top one on

seven in
all,

the

left,

for

a poetical quotation " Open air

a " chop
''

flowers do not equal the richness of colour of tapestry."

The bottom
No. 333.

character on the
in relief, with "

left is

mark.

O.

Fancy design
character.

Fuang

" in incused Chinese

E. Five incused Chinese characters.

for a poetical quotation

The four upper ones meaning, " Open a book and

lowest character
is

enjoy the scenery."

The

" a " chop

mark.
No. 334.

O.

Three incused Chinese characters.

for

The two upper ones

the lower one for

the

name

of the

Hong and

" Fuang."

E. Flowers and

leaves, in relief.

No. 335.

Same

as preceeding, but the position of the design

is

on the Eev.

somewhat

different.

36

SIAMESB POBCELAIK AND OTBBS TOEBKS.

BURMESE GAMBLING COUNTERS.

I have included, as coming within the scope of this work, a most interesting

and

attractive series of

gambling counters attributed to Upper

Burmah and sai>l to have been current in the neighbouring mountain regions. The entire lot, numbering some ten different specimens, came
from the White King and Kiuberg
been found in Bhamo.
I

collections

and are

stated to have

have my-^elf visited

this locality

and the Upper

reaches of the Trawaddy, but was not fortunate enough in being able to
pick up any specimens or gather any reliable information concerning them.

They

are all

made

of lead or of an alloy of this metal.

if

Some

bear four

Chinese characters round a central square hole, marked

in imitation of the current cash.

not perforated,

I can not but help calling attention to

the similarity between these pieces and those other pewter and tin issues
of Banka, Cheribon,

Pontianak, Singora, Trenganno,

etc.

The peacock
for

on two of the

pieces

cannot belie
raised

their

Burmese

origin.

No. 836.

O.

Four
"

Chinese characters.
left
(?)

Top and bottom

for " Currency,"
in the central square.

One

SaluDg," right and

and

an undecypherable character
E. Plain.

No. 837.

0.
0.

Name

of

Hong

in four raised Chinese characters.

E. Plain.

No. 338. No. 389.

Name of Hong

in

two

raised Chinese characters.

E. Plain.

O.

Felicitous inscription

" Abundant profit " in four raised

Chinese characters.

E. Plain.

Note.
No. 340.

Nos. 336
Fancy

to 339, both inclusive, are

made

in imitation of

Chinese current cash.

O.
O.

cross design, in relief.

E. Plain.

No. 341.

Design with waves, in

relief.
relief.

E. Dragon or serpent, in

SIAMESE POBCELAIK AND OTHER TOKENS.

No. 342.
design, in O. R. Plain. Note. counter has a rough serrated edge. 343 O. Fancy design, in
Circle
relief,

37

^This

(?)

No

star

relief.

E. Floral
No. 344.

circle

with undecypherable character

(?)

in

the

centre.

0.
O.

Peacock and design, in Peacock in

relief.

E. Plain.
No. 345.
relief.
relief.

E. Floral circular design, in

Note.

Nos

344 and 345, may have been copied from the peacock

found on the old Burmese coinage.

PLATE

15

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PLATE XX

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344