STAIR DESIGN

DESIGN PARAMETERS: Clear dimension = 5.675 m X 2.65 m Floor to floor height = 3.3m Live Load = 3KN/m2 Brick wall = 250 mm thick Height of each flight = 3.3/2 = 1.65 m Use M-20, Fe-415

Assume, Rise = 150 mm Tread = 250 mm Number of risers in each flight = = 11

Number of treads in each flight = 11 1 = 10 Space for going = 250 X 10 = 2500 mm = 2.5 m Width of each flight = Width of landing = 1.65 m Space for passage = 5.675 2.5 1.65 = 1.525 m Effective span, lx = 2.65 + 2 X Assume, = 0.98 fs = 0.58 X 415 X 0.98 = 235.886 N/mm2 Let us assume, percentage of steel = 0.35 % From Figure 4 of IS 456:2000, Modification Factor = 1.4 = 20 X 1.4 = 28 [Clause 23.2.1 of IS 456:2000] = 2.9 m = 1.325 m

Or, d =

= 103.57 mm = 131.57 [Assuming 20 mm nominal cover & 16 mm steel

Drequired. = 103.57 + 20 + reinforcement]

Let us provide 200 mm thickness of slab. dprovided = 200 20 = 172 mm

LOAD CALCULATION: Consider 1 m width of slab. i) ii) iii) Load on landing Self weight of slab = 0.20 X 25 X 1 = 5 KN / m Floor finish etc. = 0.5 KN / m Live load = 3 KN / m

Total load = 8.5 KN / m Factored load = 1.5 X 8.5 = 12.75 KN / m i) Load on going Self weight of waist slab on slope = 0.2 X 25 X = 0.2 X 25 X

X1 X1

= 5.831 KN / m ii) iii) iv) v) Floor finish etc. = 0.75 KN / m Dead load of steps = X 0.15 X 24 X 1 = 1.8 KN / m Dead load of railing = 1 KN / m Live load = 3 KN / m

Total load = 12.381 KN / m Factored load = 1.5 X 12.381 = 18.572 KN / m

RA + RB = 12.75 X (1.775 + 1.65) + 18.572 X 2.5 = 90.1 KN Taking moment of forces about A, we get RB X 5.925 12.75 X 1.65 X (1.65 + 2.5 + 1.775) 18.572 X 2.5 X ( X + 1.775) 12.75 X 1.775

=0

RB = 45.2 KN RA = 44.9 KN VA = 44.9 KN VC = 44.9 12.75 x 1.775 = 22.27 KN VB = 45.2 KN VD = 45.2 + 12.75 X 1.65 = 24.16 KN For the point of zero shear,

=
x = 1.2 m from C So, maximum bending moment occurs at a distance (1.775 + 1.2) = 2.975 m from A Mu, max = 44.9 X 2.808 12.75 X 1.775 X ( = 72.963 KN m + 1.033) 18.572 X 1.033 X

CHECK FOR EFFECTIVE DEPTH: We know, Mu max = 0.36fck

(1 0.42

bd2

Or, 72.963 X 106 = 0.36 X 20 X 0.48 X (1 0.42 X 0.48) X 1000 X d2 Or, d = 162.61 mm Drequired = 162.61 + 20 + = 190.61 mm < 200 mm

Hence, the slab is safe against bending.

AREA OF STEEL CALCULATION: Mu max = 0.87fy Ast d (1 0.42 Or, 72.963 X 106 = 0.87 X 415 X Ast X 172 (1 0.42 X 0.48) Ast = 1471.59 mm2 Spacing of 16 mm main bars = X 1000 = 136.59 mm < 3d = 3 X 172 = 516 mm or 300 mm whichever is less. Let us provide 16 mm main bars @ 135 mm c/c. Area of distribution steel = X 1000 X 200 = 240 mm2

Spacing of 8 mm distribution bars =

X 1000 = 209.42 mm < 5d = 5 X 172 = 860 mm or 300 mm

whichever is less. Let us provide 8 mm distribution bars @ 200 mm c/c. CHECK FOR POSITION OF NEUTRAL AXIS: For balanced section, X 100 = X 100

= = 0.957 % For the given section, X 100 =

X 100

= 0.866 % So, the section is under reinforced. CHECK FOR DEFLECTION: = 1471.59 mm2 = X 1000 = 1488.89 mm2

Percentage of steel provided = 0.866 % fs = 0.58 fy = 0.58 X 415 X = 238 N/mm2

From Figure 4 of IS 456:2000, Modification factor = 1.05 drequired. = = 155.68 mm < 172 mm

Hence, the slab is safe against deflection. DEVELOPMENT LENGTH: Ld =

= = 752.2 mm