Abiotic Factors

1.0 Introduction 1.1 Background Abiotic factors can defined as the non-living,physical and chemical comonents of an ecosystem. The example of it is so easy and around us, for example the atmosphere, water, soil structure as well as the topography. The opposite of abiotic factors is biotic factors, but in this experiment we will be focusing on abiotic factors only, which is the temperature of soil in various sites here, in Mara Banting College. 1.2 Aim To investigate the effect of different sites on the abiotic factor of the experiment (the temperature of the soil itslef) 1.3 Objective To investigate the average soil temperature in different sites of experiment To observe how does different sites affect the temperature of the soil. To observe without specifically investigate what factors contributed towards the different in the temperature of the soil 1.4 Hypothesis Different sites of soil investigated in Mara Banting College has different temperature from one to another 2.0 Methodology 2.1 Variables 2.1.1 Independent Variables 2.1.2 Dependent Variables 2.1.3 Controlled Variables The different sites of the soil investigated in Mara Banting College The temperature of the soil in different sites investigated Type of abiotic factor investigated Depth of the device that is dip into the soil in different sites (4.0 cm) The type of soil that is decided to be investigated The time taken to do the experiment The big specific sites the experiment is conducted (In Mara Banting College)

2.2 Apparatus & Materials Table GDC Calculator and Texas Instrument device to measure the temperature of the soil A glasss of Water Different sites of soil to measure the temperature of the soil itself (In front of class block, Besides college hall, near Surau) 2.3 Procedure 1. The Texas Instrument (TI) device is connected to GDC Calculator so that the calculator can be the temperature obtained through the device, will be displayed through the GDC Calculator 2. Site is identified to do the experiment. 3. The TI device is dip and put into the soil for a depth of 4.0 cm from the ground, in order to obtain the temperature of the soil 4. Temperature displayed in the GDC Calculator screen is recorded 5. The temperature of the soil is measured for 4 more times. 6. Step 1 to 5 is repeated for different sites of experiment. Units Degree celcius (C) 100 ml -----------

3.0 Results Location of the experiment Class Block Hall Surau 1st Reading 2nd Reading Temperature (C) 3rd reading 4th reading 5th reading

Average Reading 26.2 27.8 27.4

26.2 27.8 27.4

26.2 26.2 26.2 27.7 27.7 27.8 27.2 27.3 27.4 The table of the data collected from the experiment

26.2 27.8 27.5

3.1 Analysis From the result shown above we can observe and make an analysis that the temperature for most of the soil in Mara Banting College occupied the same temperature of its soil. It has an average of between 26C to 28C. This value is almost near to the average temperature here in our college, which is around 31C daily. Therefore, we assumed that the value we obtained is an accurate one because it is -3C from the average temperature here. 4.0 Evaluation Limitations The soil did not show a high increase of temperature when the TI Device is dip into the soil. Some of the soil is too hard and dry that it becomes hard for us to put the TI device into the soil itself. The reading of the temperature becomes different when we did not follow the 4.0 cm rule as mentioned in procedure above The temperature recorded might not be accurate The depth of the TI Device to be dipped into the soil is not equal from one place to another resulting different reading Suggestions to overcome We need to pour some water in order to make the texture of the soil a little bit of wet so that a much more accurate temperature can be obtained The water we bring to the experiment site is pour into the surface of the soil to make it a little bit wet. Follow the procedure to obtain an accurate result Record the temperature of the soil for at least a count of 5 times to get the total average Put a marker, and mark 4.0cm from the tip of the TI Device so that a constant depth of the TI Device into the soil can be obtained

5.0 Conclusion Our experiment is considered as a successful experiment done due to few reasons. First, it is due to the fact that we managed to get our result, near the average temperature of the place here in Mara Banting College. For three different places, to get an average temperature of place between 26C to 28C, and near to the average temperature here (31C) is a good result i suppose. Secondly, it is because of we did not face a lot of difficulties in finishing the experiment itself. Our experiment is very smooth-sailing and able to be done in matter of around 20 minutes. That is why i considered that, the less difficulties we had added with the results we obtained from the experiment has shown, that our experiment is a successful one. Last but not least, the hypothesis mentioned is supported by our experiment result above. We had different average temperature of the soil in 3 different places. So,it is a supported hypothesis from results that we obtained.