CORROSION FAILURES

Sotya Astutiningsih

Corrosion -- metals Material degradation

Corrosion Basics

An electro-chemical attack resulting in material degradation

Compromises Material Properties

Mechanical Integrity Biocompatibility Aesthetics

Rust on an iron surface

Corrosion Basics

Occurs mostly in ionic, aqueous environments

Primarily a concern for metals Oxidation Reduction Reaction Become ions in solutions Combine with other species to form compound (oxides, hydroxides)

Loss of metal

Analysis of CorrosionRelated Failures

Uniform corrosion Localized corrosion

Uniform corrosion
Uniform corrosion is the most common form of corrosion. Its mechanism is electrochemical and is identified as a consistent loss of material over the entire exposed surface of the material in question. This is the type of corrosion that affects the greatest number of structures, such as buildings, bridges, pipelines, and outdoor equipment. It attacks the most surface area and is the most costly. Uniform corrosion is also the easiest to analyze, to predict corrosion rates for, and to establish preventive measures and maintenance schedules for.

Preventive techniques include painting

Preventive techniques
painting (coatings), inhibition, and cathodic or anodic protection. The service life of the affected component can normally be estimated with a reasonable degree of accuracy, and catastrophic failures can be avoided.

Localized corrosion

such as crevice and pitting corrosion, intergranular corrosion, selective leaching, erosion corrosion, and stress-corrosion cracking (SCC), act on a small portion of a component. The rate of localized corrosion is often orders of magnitude greater than that of uniform corrosion. Evidence of localized corrosion by virtue of its physical size and location, is often difficult to detect. These factors combine

Types of metallic corrosion

Uniform corrosion Localized attack: crevice, piting Galvanic Cracking: SCC, H embrittlement, liq-metal embrittlement, and corrosion fatigue Velocity: erosion, cavities and impingement Fretting Intergranular Dealloying or selective leaching

Forms of corrosion

Corrective & preventive measures against corrosion

Change in alloy, heat treatment or product form: solution annealing of austn SS min intergran attack and SCC Use of resin coating Use of inert lubricants Use of electrolytic & chemical coating & surface treatment Use of metallic coating

Corrective & preventive measures against corrosion

Use of galvanic protection Design changes Use of inhibitor Change in pH

Chemical analysis of corrosion products