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Table 7.1 F1 Generation Phenotype Wild Type Wrinkled Albino Red Eye Normal Females 22 2 4 6 28 Males 10 1 0 17 18
Table 7.2 F2 Generation Phenotype Wild Type Wrinkled White Eye Normal Females 13 9 2 22 Males 15 10 0 21
Questions:
1. Describe the observed mutations? The mutations we observed were Wrinkled Wings, White and Red Eyes in different sexes, and Albino flies. 2. Write a hypothesis which describes the mode of inheritance of the trait you studied. This is your null hypothesis ( as described in the Statistical Analysis Section).
Across all of the data, there will be a 1:1 ratio among the crosses. Because the trait is sex-linked, the ratio will remain in the crosses as a 1:1 ratio. 3. Refer to a textbook and review Punnett squares. In the space below construct two Punnett squares to predict the expected results of both the parental and F1 crosses from your null hypothesis.
Parental cross Y Xr
Xr
YXr
Xr Xr
Xr
YXr
Xr Xr
F1 cross Y Xr Y XR
XR
YXR
XR Xr
YXR
XRXR
XR
YXR
XR Xr
YXr
XR Xr
Xr Xr
YXr YXr
XrXr XrXr
YXr YXr
X RXr XRXr
4. Refer to the Punnett squares above. Record the expected ratios for the genotypes and phenotypes of the F1 and F2 in the experiment below. Expected Genotypic Ratio F1 1:1 F2 1:1 Expected Phenotypic ratio 1:1 1:1
5. Do the actual results deviate from what was expected? If so, explain how. The results do not heavily deviate from what was expected. There were mutations, but that is a part of the experiment. 6. For the results describe your cross? The cross is sex-linked, recessive, and a monohybrid cross.
Analysis:
1. Why was it necessary for the females of the parental generation to be virgins? It was important because the females needed to mate with those specific males to ensure the cross was what we wanted it to be. 2. Why was it not necessary to isolate virgin females for the F1 cross? Once the cross had already happened, it did not matter whether they were virgins, because they were in the same vial. 3. Why the adult flies were removed from the vials at weeks 2 and 4? The adult flies were removed so that they did not mate with the younger flies, which would ruin the crosses.