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een women and men The methodology used imposes a penalty for inequality GDI falls when the achievement levels of both women and men in a country go down
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT Growth requires fostering of strong links between economic growth and Human Development. This can be accomplished in the following ways: Provision of remunerative employment to people More equitable distribution of income and economic opportunities Access to productive assets Investment in education and health Gender equality CALCULATION OF HDI Define a minimum and maximum value for each of the three dimensions of the HDI - Life Expectancy - Real GDP per capital - Educational attainment (combine two variables) 1. Adult Literacy2. Enrollment Ratio i.e. 2 * (Adult Literacy) + (Enrollment Ratio)
India ranks 136 in human development index Madhavi Rajadhyaksha, TNN Mar 15, 2013, 06.29PM IST MUMBAI: In another sign that India has much catching up to do, the Human Development Report 2013 released by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), ranked the country at a low 136 among 186 countries on its human development index (HDI) a composite measure of life expectancy, access to education and income levels. The report released on Thursday placed India at the near-bottom of countries which have reached 'medium development'. With its index standing at 0.554 for the last year, India has miles to go to meet countries like Norway (ranked number 1) which boasts of an HDI of 0.955. HDI is considered a better measure of a country's progress than mere income growth, but suffers from its own flaws such as masking regional inequalities. On the positive side, India's HDI has risen by 1.7% annually since 1980. The report lauds India's contribution by way of its spillover development effect on other countries. For instance, it points out that Indian firms have been supplying affordable medicines, medical equipment and information and communication technology to other poorer countries. The 2013 report focuses on the "rise of the south", mapping the shift in global dynamics from the traditional power base in the west to newer emerging countries. Besides the emerging economies of Brazil, China, India and South Africa, the report also acknowledges developing nations such as Turkey, Mexico, Thailand and Indonesia as playing a larger role on the global stage. It estimates that by 2020, the combined economic output of the three leading developing countries India, Brazil and China will surpass the aggregate production of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, the United Kingdom and the United States. It underlines south-south cooperation as the key factor in boosting such development. The report also underlines the need for global governance institutions to adopt a more equitable approach.