Dissertation

TOPIC 06 ACCESS & RESEARCH ETHICS

LECTURER: THANG NGUYEN @ FSB HANOI BASED ON: SAUNDERS ET AL (2012)

RESEARCH METHODS FOR BIZ STUDENTS

OUTLINE Types of access Traditional access Internet-mediated access Strategies to gain access Research ethics Ethics issues at research stages

TYPES OF ACCESS

BUSINESS & MGMT RESEARCH

Human participants => ethical concerns Primary/secondary data: access 4 types of access 1) Traditional: face-to-face, phone, correspondence, data archives 2) Internet-mediated: virtual access 3) Intranet-mediated: virtual access in company 4) Hybrid: traditional & internet-mediated

TRADITIONAL ACCESS

LEVELS OF ACCESS
Physical/virtual: first level, difficult access Continuing: more than once Cognitive: acceptance, trust, consent

ACCESS IN GENERAL
Intrusive methods: difficulty in access Negotiating access: to gain personal entry into an organization Feasibility: practicality Sufficiency: extent of access

TRADITIONAL ACCESS

FEASIBILITY & SUFFICIENCY

Help refine research question & objectives External researcher: negotiate access Internal/participant researcher: conflicts

INTERNET-MEDIATED ACCESS

TYPES
Both quantitative & qualitative data collection Questionnaires Experiments Interviews Group discussions Online: email, IM, MSN Messenger, Facebook Mode: email, interviews, webcam, blogs Hybrid access strategy: traditional & internet

STRATEGIES TO GAIN ACCESS

STRATEGIES
Be familiar with organizations Allow sufficient time Use existing and develop new contacts: p221 Provide clear purposes & objectives Overcome concerns: time, sensitivity, identify confidentiality, anonymity State possible benefits to organization Use suitable language Facilitate replies Use incremental access: Box 6.6 p218 Establish credibility, Box 6.10 Checklist p227

RESEARCH ETHICS

RESEARCH ETHICS
In designing & planning your research Seek access to organizations & individuals Collect, analyse, manage, report data Protect rights of those becoming your subjects

SOCIAL NORM
Type of behavior researcher should take In reality: a range of ethical positions Deontological view: rule-based Teleological view: consequence-based

RESEARCH ETHICS

CODES OF ETHICS
List of principles of ethical research & ethical standards Ethical dilemmas: implicit or explicit => choice Table 6.2 p228: more references

RESEARCH ETHICS

ETHICAL PRINCIPLES
Integrity & objectivity Respect Avoidance of harm Privacy protection Voluntary participation & optional withdrawals Informed consent Confidentiality & anonymity Responsibility in data analysis & result reports Compliance in data management Safety of researcher

RESEARCH ETHICS

ISSUES IN INTERNET-MEDIATED RESEARCH

Scope for deception Lacking respect & causing harm Respecting privacy Nature of participation & scope to withdraw Informed consent Confidentiality & anonymity Data analysis & finding reporting Management of data Safety of researcher

ETHICS ISSUES AT RESEARCH STAGES

STAGES OF RESEARCH
Formulating & clarifying research topic Designing research & gaining access Collecting data Processing & storing data Analysing data & reporting findings