APPROVAL PAGE This is to certify that I have read, supervised and approved the project written by SYLVESTER A.

ONUCHE with matriculation number FPI/ND/COM/11/177 and OYIBO Y. HAJARAT with matriculation number FPI/ND/COM/11/157 in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of National Diploma (ND) in Computer Science at federal polytechnic Lokoja Kogi State.

. Mr. Ajayi Project Supervisor . Head of Department (HOD) Mrs. Odiketa J.C

.. Date

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. External Supervisor

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DEDICATION This project is dedicated firstly to the God Almighty, the owner of our who make it possible for us to finish this program successfully. We also dedicated this project to our parents whose contribution both financially and encouragement made it possible to us and see us through.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I wish to express our gratitude and appreciation to our supervisor Mr. E. Ajayi for his intellectual support and guidance in this course of writing this project. Our appreciation also goes to our parents for their support and love through the duration of our course. They have tried al their best for us during our program. Also we like to express our sincere appreciation to our HOD Mrs. Odiketa J.C, our co-ordination Mr. James Ekume and other lecturers of computer science department for their effort in making us what we are. We want also appreciate some of our course mate who share their own knowledge we us to become what we are. And to all those who help us both spiritual and physical to make our staying in federal polytechnic Lokoja conducive and warm one, may almighty God bless you all (Amen)

ABSTRACT This computer system is used by various people to accomplish different tasks as work processing graphical designs data processing etc. the use of computer system in various section of the social economic and governmental activities can not be over emphasized. In a government parastatal get up information is highly essential. They realization of the fact led to the implementation of a management information system (MIS) in traffic control. Thus automated traffic system, this is due to the difficulty in retrieving information and easy access to remove database or other parastatal, as well as manually process data, thereby lead to in accuracy of data process. The advantage of having a standard system is for efficient processing of information in Lokoja road safety commission (IRSM). This project demonstrates the use of computer technology in enhancing efficiency of the activities in the traffic management from the database generated, offender can be easily traced and trap down as well as to generate revenue. The software employs the use of Microsoft visual basic 6.0 as the front end tool and Microsoft access as the back end tool. The program is broken down into modules with each modules handling a lot of related task.

CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION We have move to a time where access to information on which out knowledge is based will take on a variety of focuses. Francis and ludmila (1991) in their book entitled media forces in our society noted that modern computers and communication method have opened up a range of new information technology and power the impact these is clearly hummers, local and national government, the police and owned forces, large and small and industries regional and international companies are almost totally dependent on computers for carrying out a wide range of their desired function. In view of this, we could see that computer information technology has reduced the world to a global room which means that with the right technology data can be extracted from any part of the world right on our table in which traffic control system is not let out.

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY In 1975 the carpets that over threw the government of general Yakubu gown gave as one of their reasons the traffic situation in

Nigeria, the traffic situation in Lokoja road can only be compared to driver in cities it was common for workers to get home at late hour after closing from the work. The choice on our roads was caused by bad planning, nonenforcement of relevant laws, corruption and inaptitude of traffic managers (traffic police) and lack of information technology. 1.2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVE 1. To improve safety for travelers 2. To track down traffic offenders who evade arrest through the vehicle number plate. 3. Reduce driver frustration and road rage 4. To reduced accidents, both vehicular and penetration 5. To make multiple traffic offenders traceable and accountable and link up offenders to vehicles.

6. To developed database that can be used by other sections of government that needs information about the number of vehicle registered per a period of time to perform its duties or number of accident recorded per period 1.3STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM It was motivated to write and research many project on the road safety traffic, control system due to a lot of factors; 1. Inability of the traffic police to handle the work perfectly. 2. Driver frustration and road congestion 3. Unnecessary stopping- this is turn increase fuel consumption, and noise and vehicle wear and tear. 4. Traffic congestion is an ever increasing problem in Lokoja road about local authorities had continuously work to maximized efficiency of their road networks and to minimize any disruption caused by accident. 1.4SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 1. Ease traffic congestion and reduced delay

2. Educating road user through enlightment programmes and creating a driver training curriculum 3. Encourage traffic safety and accident management 4. Regulating the use of the high way by introducing traffic signal control fine and penalties for traffic violation. 1.5 DEFINITION OF TERMS 1. INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM (ITS): It involves the use of advance electronic communication and computer of high way transportation. 2. RADER: is an electronic system used to locate object beyond the range of vision and to determine their distance by projecting radio wave against them. 3. TRAFFIC POLICE: Is a person who controls traffic on a road. 4. DETECTOR: is an equipment (or device) used in discovering the presence of something (or object). 5. Automated is the act of converting a process or facility so that it can operate automatically.

6. TRAFFIC: Is the act or trading in something illegal vehicle, ships or aircraft moving along a route 7. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES (IT): Is the study or use or computers and telecommunications for storing and sending something 8. SYSTEM: A set of things working together as a mechanism or network. 9. ROAD USER: The those who make use of the road 10.DATA: Is the collection of raw fact or figure that are stored in computer.

COST IMPLEMENTATION The cost incomes for the production or this project paper are follows. Typesetting Binding Photocopy Research transportation Foolscap paper Office file Biro Other things Total N 4, 3500 N 1,200 N 1,980 N 3000 N 100 N 30 N 40 N 800 N11, 500

The method to be used in collecting data for the proposed system is data capturing. The data has to be captured into the database using a well friendly interface. The information entered into the database made it easy for traffic control system.

CHAPTER TWO 2.0 REVIEW OF RELATED WORK In this chaptear the researcher will contact and make enquiries into work on related topics already done by other writers. Such work includes journals, magazines, seminar paper, text book and other literature works. This enquiry is very important because on single individual processes complete information of any topic (especially of this nature) therefore the need to review carefully most up to date literature. In addition literature review expose a research or into fact one field he may be quite ignorant of any at the same time add that overthrew the government of general Yakubu gown gave as one of their reason the impossible traffic situation in Nigeria can only be compared to driving in hell.

According to idah traffic control authority (ITCA) is an autonomous body charged with administration and control of road traffic matter. The basic functions of ITCA are: i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. Public education and enlightment Traffic control and enforcement Road furnishing maintenance Road research and statistic Driver training certification Vehicle registration and certification

It can be clearly seen in all these functions that effective information is required for optimum performance since these activities require alot of data. In some cities lke new Yori, Paris, Chicago and Tokyo, uses remote cameral, radar or sense or in their road way to monitor traffic along major high way.

The deputy country surveyor, hemshire. David Tarrent said, cost benefit analysis is important but we should remember that public actually like ITS solution the key is to communicate it. In Ontario, ITS products, services and systems are to be found through the public and private sectors. Exciting literatures are being pursued in traffic control and transits operations interval or information systems. In tracking toil roads automated maintenance and integrated transportation system. ITS activities in Ontario are intended to central but to improve transportation safety in the province to enable the cost effective and efficient movement of people and goods to lead to commercial and industrial opportunities to improve global competitiveness and to assist with more efficient construction, acquisition, maintenance and use of the transportation infrastructure and other assets with the province.

IMPORTANT OF RADAR INTRAFFIC SYSTEM: Rader is an electric system used to locate object beyond the range of vision and to determine their distance by projecting radio wave against them. Radar is derived form the phrase, radio detection and ranging. Fixed time control: in traffic control simple and old forms it signal controllers are what known as electro-mechanical signal controllers dynamic or activated signals are programmed to adjust their timing and phasing to meet changing traffic conditions. This information was gotten from (ITCA) in order that the objectives mentored are actualised, and in line with the edit of the Idah local government chairman. The control of Idah traffic is currently considering the ministry of transportation where force barrister Muz banire the commissioner. The chief executive officer, RTO police commissioner Mr. Yemi Odubela was appointed oversee the affairs of organization. According to Yemi (1995) he said that, in order to address this problem of traffic in Nigeria, both the state and federal government needs to host a site on

the internet making adequate information of net or website to educate some road users, as well as keeping them informed about traffic situation every day. More so, computer system should be provided so that the normally process data will be processed electrically thereby keeping up to date database. 2.2 INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM (ITS) Intelligent transportation system (ITS) involves the use of advance electric communication and computer of high way

transportation. David Clowes (secretary general of ITS UK) says intelligent transportation system is information technology and communication applied to transport, traffic, control vehicle location and travel information. It can contribute effectively to reducing accident, retrieving congestion reducing population, increasing

productivity, efficiency and improving comfort for travellers.

CHAPTER THREE 3.0 SYSTEM AND PROGRAMMING DESIGN The design is of utmost important in the development of any system. This is because it is the frame work on which the success of the system rests. Good design means successful program development and bad design means bad program thus having established the need for a database for the road safety traffic control system and then defining the requirement and functions of the software to be designed from system analysis. These will be defining of system objectives with a view of determine the accomplishment of the new system. 3.1 DATA CAPTURING Data capturing refers to the means by which data are supplied into a project in a given project or work under study. It focuses on how the raw data to be used in a given project supplied into the system. That is, it is through the keyboard? Is it from an input file or from a magnetic

disk? In this project work, the proposed system will have database processing system with the input data supplied through the keyboard.

METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION 1. QUESTIONNAIRE 2. INTERVIEW METHOD 3. DIRECT OBSERVATION METHOD 4. TRANSCRIPTION 5. EXPERIMENT A QUESTIONNAIRE METHOD; - this method of data collection involves elicit written responses to questionnaire, questions about the system, how it operate its fault and its strengths.

Questionnaire can be categorized into two: 1. Free format (open ended) questionnaire, in this type of questionnaire, respondent are allowed to provide answer to questions in their own form. 2. Fixed format (closed ended) questionnaire they can be likened to the objective question, which may require yes or no true or false or a choice among the alternatives. INTERVIEW METHOD:- In this method, data collection is by asking the respondents questions and recording the answers supplied by them. There are two categories of interview: 1. Structured interview: this type of interview is like question in that each interview is asked the questions. 2. Unstructured interview: this type of interview gives the respondents the opportunities to offer unsolicited information often revealed on the characteristic of the system.

TRANSCRIPTIONS FROM RECORD:- In this method, data are collected from a given record. This method is used when the data needed are available on record somewhere. This makes it unnecessary and unreasonable to collect the data directly from the original unit at more effort and cost. DIRECT OBSERVATION METHOD:- In this method data are collected by physical observation or measurement. That is physical examining the unit of the respondent and recording data as a result of personal judgment. The collector observers or watches

respondents, and record something base on his or her perspective.

3.2 DATA STRUCTURE A data structure can be defined as an organizes grouping or collection of related data items treated as a unit with the operations performed on them. The arrange of data normally depends on the

method which the data will be accessed and the type of programming language used.

TYPE OF DATA STRUCTURE 1. Primitive data structure 2. Non primitive data structure - Primitive data structure:- these are the original data structure for a variety of machines and are available on most computers as inbuilt in functions, example integers, floating point numbers. - Non primitive structure:- these are the user defined data structures. Users can select the number of memory location needed to store a particular data. Example array list. 3.3 FILE DESIGN The proposed system will have two files namely; the input and output files. The input file will hold all the necessary data required for

smooth running of the program such as data, plate number, sex,

address, mobile NO, offence type, and charge while the output hold the list of details about the vehicle in question such as make model, colour, class of vehicle, engine size, registration number and plate number. INPUT SPECIFICATION This described the input data, to the proposed system, that is it describes the field name, data type, size and status. DATABASE DESIGN OFFENDERS RECORD ENTRY FIELD NAME Name Sex Address Mobile no Data Offence type Charges DATA TYPE Text Text Text Integer Date/time Text Currency SIZE 15 30 15 15 10 15 15 STATUS Require Require Require Require Require Require Require

VEHICLE RELEASE FORM

FIELD NAME Name Offence type Vehicle project Plate no Charges

DATA TYPE Text Text Text Text Currency

SIZE 15 15 15 15 30

STATUS Require Require Require Require Require

R - Require N - Not requires - OFFENDER FORM: this describes the data entry designed in visual basic 6.0 from having its database structure form a Microsoft access table base on the file. - USERS INTERFERENCE DESIGN

Office Record From

Name

Address

Sex
Mobile No Offence type Charges Save

Cancel

Ok

Office Record From

Date Vehicle plate no Vehicle detail Defender name Charge/fine Product Save Ok

3.4 PROGRAM DESIGN The program design is modular forms. The top down approach was to ensure the breaking down of the program into modules. The modules are linked together using menus.

CHAPTER FOUR CHAPTER FOUR 4.0 SYSTEM/IMPLEMENTATION AND EVALUATION This section highlights the programming logic of the proposed system and the implementation of the new system. The intension of this step is to see if the new system is actually meeting the needs and objectives set out in the original specification. The evaluation takes place after the system has been running errors free for several cycles. The overall purpose of the evaluation is: a. To compare the achievement of the system with the objectives in the original specification. b. To provide valuable insight so that the user may learn from the bad and good points of the system. 4.1 PROGRAM LOGIC The programme logic in this project working structured into modules in each module the design approach that will be used in this design process will be used in this design process will be the modular programming. This technique will entail designing or database in a small independent part called modules. The modules will be linked together by driver programs, which will direct the computer to enter the appropriate module when the computer exists the module control

will then be returned to the demand programme. Each module has only one entry point and one exist point. A module may consist of several smaller modules. The modules are linked together using menus. Recognizing a modular system involves modifying only some of the programme modules and is a very simple tasks. 4.2 CHOICE OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE A programming language is a set o f commands and command options called arguments that you used to give instruction to the computer. Computer cannot (yet)understand human languages because people deal well with ambiguous commands and a computer can not understand such ambiguity. A programming language consists of programming command and other words that are put together into programme system what to do and when to do it. Programming statements are often called programming codes and the process of writing programming statement is referred to as coding. Programming languages have become the major means of man machine communications. There are wide varieties of programming language available for use to control the computer during the process of an application.

Examples of programming language are:- machine language, assemble language, both the machine and the assembly language form the low level language. High level language include FORTRAN COBOL PASCAL C++ VISUAL BASIC AND so on. The programming language use to develop this project is the Microsoft visual basic 6.0. 4.3 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS: this simulated programme was developed on the Pentium (iv) process or with 12 & MB RAM and 40 GIG HDD but had been tested to function effectively on a personal computer with following minimum requirement. 1. Pentium 233 mm X microprocessor and above 2. 64MB RAM minimum 3. An SUGA monitor 4. a 500 MB hard disk 5. 3 double sided, high-density floppy drives. 6. CD-ROM drive (optional) 7. Zip drive (optional) 8. Any compatible printer (E.g. Hewlett brands). 4.3.1 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

The model was developed using visual basic programming language version 6.0 professional. The operating systems installed cure are windows XP and MS Dos. This programme will run on any PC with the hardware requirement as stated above and visual basic professional edition 4.4 IMPLEMENTATION Having completed the analysis and design next on the system development process is the implementation of the design using codes. However certain standards and procedures must become programme coding.. standards procedures help in proper documentation of programme for easy understanding by prospective users. They also aid in translating design to codes. Standards procedures help in proper documentation to programme for easy understanding by prospective users. They also aid in translating design to codes. Standardize documentation also helps in locating errors and in making changes. By structuring codes according to standards, the correspondence between designed modules and code modules is maintained charges in the design therefore pose no problem to implementing in the code. The implementation system involves was three pleases, which are: 4.5 CHANGE OVER 6.0 installed be it enterprise or

This is the charge made from the manual system of operation to be computerizing system of operation. The following are the type of charge over. 1. Direct change over: - is a sudden change over method. It involves discarding with the old system and setting into operation of the new system 2. Parallel change over: involve running both the old and the new system concurrently, using the same data. 3. Phase change over: the new system is put into use one part at a time when one part of the system is working well, the next piece is made operational. The conversion combine phased in modules of the system or phased running the whole module department by department for or different geographical areas. Phase conversion is very popular for large scale system. 4. Pilot conversion is a trial system implemented in a subset of the overall operation. It is successful that it is brought into other areas for this project; I recommend parallel change over because it involves running both the old and the new system concurrently using the same data.

CHAPTER FIVE Summary, conclusion, recommendation RECOMMENDATION For the experience of this project work, we here by recommend the following. 1. The project could be introduced as an online service, thereby making it easy for both government parastatal to make use of the database 2. We also say that the application of this package will require the training of the users and administration in charge. This is needed to be carried out to affect a good implementation of the system. Finally, the use automated traffic control information system should be encourage in all government parastatals

CONCLUSION The implementation of this project has greatly improved management and administration of road safety commission lokoja. This is because the developed package provides substantially increased processing capabilities reduces data redundancies, data duplication, wastage of storage space and provide up to date data. Also included is an integrated secured database, proper control and co-ordinated data and information, quick and accurate means of issuing information to the specific need of the system user.

REFERENCES Khasty C.S (2002); an Introduction to Transport Engineering, Inc Graw Hill Companies, USA Faheity M. (2005); Transport Planning and Traffic Engineering. Watt Publication, new York. Vernon M.S. (2006); Computer Application in Traffic Control, New York. Is and Design UK MC Grathi Publisher Adenson R.G. (2004) Data Processing and Management Information System. Mc Grant Hill Publisher USA Bob R.P (19980 Willia, CB Anita (2005); Visual Basic Programming 6.0