Vidyamandir Classes

VMC/Basic Stoichiometry 13 HWT-Solutions/Chemistry

Solutions to Home Work Test/Chemistry
2. No. of atoms =
23 21
0.635
6.023 10 6.023 10
63.5
=
3. Mass =
112
16 0.08g
22400
=
4. Mass = 0.0018 1 0.0018g = . No. of water molecules = moles N
A
=
23 19
0.0018
6.023 10 6.023 10
18
=
5. Molar mass is mass of one mole of a substance.
7. Atoms of gold = Moles of gold
23 25
A
19700
N 6.023 10 6.023 10
197
= =
8. Initial molecules of
2
CO = moles of
3
23
2 A
200 10
CO N 6.023 10
44

=
21
2.7 10 =
Molecules leftover =
21 21 21
(2.7 10 ) (1 10 ) 1.7 10 =
Moles leftover =
21
3
23
1.7 10
2.9 10
6 10

9. No. of atoms
3
26
23
20 10
3 10
6.6 10

= =

No. of moles
26
23
3 10
500
6 10

= =

1. Molarity = Moles of
2 4
H SO in 1L of solution =
2 4
Mass of H SO in 1L of solutions
98
3
20
4.9 1000
100
10M 10 moLdm
98

= = =
2.
2 2
2HX Mg MgX H + +
Let M be equivalent weight of acid. Then M 1 is atomic mass of X.
Moles of HX consumed = 1/M and moles of MgX
2
produced =
1.301
24 2(M 1) +
. According to balanced chemical equation.
1 2 1.301 1.301 1.301
M 24 2(M 1) 12 (M 1) M 11

= = =
+ + +
M = 11 = 1.301 M or M = 36.6
3. Average atomic mass =
90 8 2
200 199 202 2004
100 100 100
| | | | | |
+ + =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
.
4. No. of water molecules = No. of moles of water
A A
Mass of water
N N
18
=
A A
1000 1
N 55.55N
18

= =
5. Average atomic mass =
98 2
12 14 12
100 100
| | | |
+ ~
| |
\ . \ .
Basic Stoichiometry HWT - 1
Basic Stoichiometry HWT - 2
Vidyamandir Classes
VMC/Basic Stoichiometry 14 HWT-Solutions/Chemistry
Total No. of C atoms in 12g of
23 23
12
C 6.023 10 6.023 10
12
= =
And Total No. of C -14 atoms in 12g of C =
23
2
6.023 10
100

=
21 22
12.046 10 1.20 10 =
6. Let x% be abundance of lighter one. Then
(100 x) x
(z 2) (z 1) z
100 100

+ + =
(100 x) ) (z 2) x (z 1) 100z x 66.6 + + = =
7. Let x be atomic mass of metal, M
Now,
28
(3x 28) 28 x 24
100
+ = =
8.
2 2 4 4
BaCl H SO BaSO 2HCl + +
Initially 0.1 moles 0.05 moles - -
Finally 0.05 - 0.05 0.1
Mass of
4
BaSO 0.05 233 11.65g = =
9.
3 2 2 2
CaCO 2HCl CaCl CO H O + + +
Initially 0.2 moles 0.55 moles - - -
Finally - 0.15 mles 0.2 moles 0.2 moles 0.2 moles
Mass of
2
CO produced = 0.2 44 8.8g =
10. 1 moles of
3
NH neutralizes one mole of HCl
Now, moles of
292
HCl 8
36.5
= =
Moles of
3
NH required = 8 Moles of
4 4
(NH )SO required = 4
Mass of
4 4
(NH )SO required = 4 132 528g =
1. Molecules of
2 4
H SO present in 1 mole of
23
2 4
H SO 6.02 10 =
Atoms present in 1 mole of
23
2 4
H SO 7 6.02 10 = .
2. Atomic mass of
27 24
H 1u 1.6 10 kg 1.6 10 g

= = =
4. Meq. Of metal = Meq. of oxygen
0.1 46.6
1000 1000 2 2
E 22400
= E = 12
5. Equivalent weight = 37.2 =
Atomic weight
Atomic Weight 74.4
2
=
Molecular weight of chloride = 74.4 + 71 = 145.4
6. Let x be atomic mass of M.
Then
53
2x (2x 48) x 27
100
= + =
Basic Stoichiometry HWT - 3
Vidyamandir Classes
VMC/Basic Stoichiometry 15 HWT-Solutions/Chemistry
7. Consider 1 L (1000mL) of solution
Mass of
2 4
H SO in solution
29
d 1000
100
= where d is density in g/mL
Also, Mass of
2 4
H SO in solution = 3.60 98

29
3.60 98 d 1000 d 1.22
100
= =
9. 1 mole of
3 4 2
Mg (PO ) contains 8 moles of oxygen atoms.
1 mole of oxygen atoms is contained in 1/8 moles of
3 4 2
Mg (PO )
0.25 moles of oxygen atoms are contained in 1/32 moles of
3 4 2
Mg (PO )
10. 1 mole of
2
CO contains
23
6. 02 10 molecules of
2
CO
1 mole of
2
CO contains
23
6. 02 10 atoms of C.
1. Mass of 1 mole of e s

= Mass of one
31 23
A
e N 9.1 10 6.02 10 kg

=
=
8
5.46 10 kg 0.55mg

=
4.
3 2 2 2
CaCO 2HCl CaCl CO H O + + +
Initially 1 mole 1 mole - - -
Finally 0.5 moles - 0.5 moles 0.5 moles 0.5 moles
Weight of liberated
2
CO 0.5 44 22g = =
6. 1 gram atom
23
6.02 10 atoms
1 atom
24
23
1
1.66 10 gm
6.02 10

atoms.
7. Moles of anhydrous
2
222
CaCl 2
111
= =
No. of
2
CaCl molecules = 2 N
A
No. of
2
Ca
+
ions = 2N
A
And No. of Cl

ions = 4N
A
8.
2 3 2 2
1
Ag CO 2Ag CO O
2
+ +
Initially 0.01 moles - - -
Finally - 0.02 moles 0.01 moles 0.005 moles
Mass of residue 0.02 108 2.16 g = =
9.
3 2
CaCO CaO CO +
Initially 0.1 moles - -
Finally - 0.1 moles
= 5.6 g
0.1 moles
= 4.4g
Basic Stoichiometry HWT - 4
Vidyamandir Classes
VMC/Basic Stoichiometry 16 HWT-Solutions/Chemistry
10. Let the formula of hydrate be
2 2
BaCl . xH O
Moles of hydrated
2
BaCl
1.763
208 18x
=
+
Moles of anhydrous
2
BaCl =
1.505
208
Now,
1.763 1.505
x 2
208 18x 208
= =
+
1.
2 3 4 2
3Fe 4H O Fe O 4H + +
Initially
3
moles
4
1 mole
3
56g
4
=
42g =
2.
2 2
C O CO +
Initially
1000
12
83.3 moles = 83.3 32g
250
83.3 moles
3
= =
Volume of
2
O at STP = 83.3 22.4 1866.6 L =
Volume of air at STP =
100
1866 9433.35L
21
=
(As air contains 21 % of
2
O by volume)
3.
2 2 3
2SO O 2SO +
Initially 10 moles 15 moles -
Finally - 10 moles 10 moles
10 moles of
2
O did not enter into combination
6. Moles of
3 4
4.9 1
H PO 0.05
98 20
= = =
Moles of = 4 0.05 0.2 =
7. Mass of water = 0.04 1 0.04g =
Moles of water =
0.04
0.0022
18
=
Molecules of
23 19 21
2
H O 0.0022 6 10 132 10 1.32 10 = = =
8. Moles of
2
3.2
O 0.1
32
= = Moles of atoms of O = 0.2
Atoms of
23 23
A
O 0.2 6 10 1.2 10 0.2N = = =

A A A
8
e s 8 0.2 N 1.6N N
5

= = =
Basic Stoichiometry HWT - 5
Vidyamandir Classes
VMC/Basic Stoichiometry 17 HWT-Solutions/Chemistry
9. Consider 1 L (1000 Ml) of solution.
Moles of NaCl = 3 (As molarity is 3M)
Mass of
2
H O = Mass of solution Mass of NaCl 1250 3 58.5 =
= 1074.5 g
Molality =
3 1000
2.8m
1074.5

=
10. No. of g atms =
23
23
2 10
0.33
6 10

Weight = 0.33 32 10.6 g =

1. Meq. of metal = Meq of
2
H

0.05 24.62
1000 1000 2
E 24620
=
E = 25
2.
x + 2y z
Initially 5 9 -
Finally 0.5 - 4.5
3.
2 2 2 2
MnO 4HCl MnCl 2H O Cl + + +
Initially 2 moles 4 moles - - -
Finally 1 mole - 1 mole 2 moles 1 mole
= 22.4L
% yield of
2
11.2
Cl 100% 50%
22.4
= =
4.
2 3 2 2 3
2Fe S 6H O 3O 4Fe(OH) 6S + + +
Initially 1 mole 2 moles 3 moles
Finally 1
moles
3
- 2 moles 4
moles
3
2 moles
5. Let 100g/mol be molar mass of the compound
Moles of atoms of element
75.8
X 1
75
= =
Moles of atoms of element
24.2
Y 1.5
16
= =
So, formula of compound is
1.5
XY or
2 3
X Y
6. Atomic mass
22
24
1.8 10
108.36u
1.6 10

= =

7. 1.025 1000 1.02 (1000 V) = +

V = 5
Basic Stoichiometry HWT - 6
Vidyamandir Classes
VMC/Basic Stoichiometry 18 HWT-Solutions/Chemistry
8.
2 2 2
Ca 2H O Ca(OH) H + +
Initially 0.2 moles - - -
Finally - 0.2 moles
Volume of
3
2
H 0.2 22400 4480 cm = =
9.
2 2
2NO O 2NO +
Initially x
moles
32
-
Finally - 10
moles
46
Now,
x 10
2 x 3.5g
32 46
= =
10.
Zn + I
2

2
ZnI
Initially x
moles
65
x
moles
254
-
Finally
x x
moles
65 254
| |

|
\ .
- x
moles
254
Fraction by weight of original Zn that remains unreacted
x x
65
65 254
0.74
x
65
65
| |

|
\ .
= =
| |

|
\ .
1. Volume of
2
21 21
O 1L L
100 100
= =
Moles of
2
21
O 0.0093 moles
100 22.4
= =

3.
3 2 2 2 3
Mg N 6H O 3Mg(OH) 2NH + +
Initially 1 mole
Finally - 2 moles
5. Molarity of final soln.
480 320
1.5 1.2
Total no. of moles 1000 1000
Total volume (in L) 1
| | | |
+
| |
\ . \ .
= =
= 0.72 + 0.624 = 1.344 M.
Basic Stoichiometry HWT 7
Vidyamandir Classes
VMC/Basic Stoichiometry 19 HWT-Solutions/Chemistry
6. Mass of
3
HCO

ion =
20.8
6.1
100

Moles of
3
HCO

ion =
6.1 20.8
0.02
61 100
=
Moles of
2
CO evolved = 0.02 .
Volume of
2
CO evolved = 0.02 24.5 L 0.49 L =
(As volume of 1 mole of gas at RTP = 24.5 L)
x 0.49 10 4.9 5 = = ~ .
7.
5 4 3 2 4 2 3
4Ca (PO ) F 18SiO 30C 3P 2CaF 18CaSiO 30CO + + + + +
Initially 0.1 moles 0.36 moles 0.9 moles - - - -
Finally 0.02 moles - 0.3 moles 0.06
moles
8. Molar mass = 2 vapour density 2 39.5 79 = =
Let x be valency of element
Formula of chloride is MClx
(3.82 ) 35.5 x 79 x 2 + = = x
Atomic weight of element = 3.82 2 7.64 =
9. Let x be valency of element M
Formula of oxide is
2 x
M O
Now, (2 x 14) (x 16) 44 x 1 + + = =
Atomic weight of element = 14 1 14 =
10.
3
2NH +
2
5F
2 4
N F + 6HF
Initially 2
moles
17
8
moles
18
- -
Finally - 8 5
moles
18 17

1
moles
17
1
100g 5.9g
17
= =
% yield
3.56
100% 60 %
5.9
= =
1. A 4B X +
Molar mass of X = Molar mass of A + 4 X molar mass of B
= 12 4 35.5 154 + =
2. Ideal gas eqn.
PV = nRT
We can see that moles
2
SO 2X = moles of
2
O
molecules of
2
SO 2X = molecules of
2
O 2N =
Basic Stoichiometry HWT - 8
Vidyamandir Classes
VMC/Basic Stoichiometry 20 HWT-Solutions/Chemistry
4.
2 3
3
AL Cl AlCl
2
+
Initially
Finally
0.54
0.02 moles
27
=
6.67 1
moles moles 0.05moles
133.5 20
= =
Initially three were 0.07 moles of Al and 0.075 moles of
2
Cl
Initially three were 0.07 g atoms of Al and 0.15g atoms of
2
Cl
5.
2 2 3
3
2AL O AL O
2
+
Initially 1 mole
3
moles
4
3
32g 24g
4
= =
6. Acidic meq. used = 25 1 25 =
Excess of acidic meq. used = 5 1 5 =
Acidic meq. used for carbonate = Meq. of carbonate = 20

1
20 1000 E 50
E
= =
7.
2 3 4 4 2
Ca(OH) H PO CaHPO 2H O + +
In the above reaction n-factor of
3 4
H PO is 2.
Equivalent weight =
98
49
2
=
8. Let masses of
2 2
O and N be 1g and 4g
Molecules of
2 A
1
O N
32
=
Molecules of
2 A A
4 1
N N N
28 7
= =
Ratio of no. of molecules =
A A
1 1
N : N 7 : 32
32 7
=
9. Let x be valency of metal M.
Formula of its chloride =
x
MCl
Moles of
x
0.475 0.475
MCl 0.01/ x
12x 35.5x 47.5x
= = =
+
Now,
2 x
x
M Cl MCl
2
+
Initially 0.01/x
Finally 0.01.x
0.01x 12x 0.12g =
10. Moles of
2
CO evolved =
11
0.25 mole
44
=
Moles of
2
3
CO

ions in the mineral = 0.25 moles
Mass of
2
3
CO

ions in the mineral =
1
60 15g
4
=
% of
2
3
CO

in the mineral =
15
100% 50%
30
=
% of other metal = (100 50 15)% 35% =
Vidyamandir Classes
VMC/Basic Stoichiometry 21 HWT-Solutions/Chemistry
1.
2 2 2 2
2H O ( ) 2H O( ) O (g) +
Initially
1
moles
4
Finally
3 1
moles
24 8
=

1 100
x x 2.5
4 1000
= =
2.
3 2
3
KClO KCl O
2
+
Initially 1 mole
Finally - 3/2 moles
2 2 3
3
2Al O Al O
2
+
Initially
3
moles
2
-
Finally - 1 mole
3. Let 100 g/mol be molar mass of the compound.
Moles of atoms of element X =
50
5
10
=
Moles of atoms of element Y =
50
2.5
20
= Formula of the compound is
5 2.5 2
X Y or X Y
4. According to the question
10x / 98
9 1000
910
= x = 80.3
5. Moles of
2 4
H SO used
10
0.5 0.005
1000
= =
Moles of H
+
ions used 2 0.005 0.01 = =
Moles of NaOH used = 0.01 (As
2 4
Na SO is neutral being a salt of strong acid and strong base)
Mass of NaOH used = 0.01 40 0.4g =
6. For minimum molecular weight, assume that one molecule of the organic compound contains only one S atom.
Then
4
100
molecular weight 32 = Molecular weight = 800.
7. Let volumes be 4x L and xL
Then final molarity =
Total no. of mmoles (4000x) (2000x)
1.2M
Total volume(in mL) 5000x
+
= =
8. 50% Water Mass of water = Mass of
2 3
Na SO 126g =
Moles of water
126
7
18
= = Formula is
2 3 2
Na SO . 7H O.
9. Volume of 1L of steam = 0.00006 1000 cm
3
= 0.06 cm
3
10.
B
B A
1000 0.2 1000
m 13.88 m
1 M 1 0.2 18
_
= = =
_
Basic Stoichiometry HWT - 9
Vidyamandir Classes
VMC/Basic Stoichiometry 22 HWT-Solutions/Chemistry
1.
(20 1) (10 0.25)
0.75
40 20
+
=
+
(100 1) (50 0.25)
0.75
100 50
+
=
+
(40 1) (20 0.25)
0.75
40 20
+
=
+
(50 1) (25 0.25)
0.75
50 25
+
=
+
2. Mass % of
2 4
(0.9 100) 90 90
H SO 100% 100% 100% 47.36%
(0.9 100) (1 100) 90 100 190

= = = =
+ +
3. Let M gm/mol be molar mass of acid
Now
6 12.5
2 1000 10 0.1 1
M 1000
= = (Decinormal means normality is 0.1 N)
M = 150
4. Consider 1000L of sample of hard water
Total meq. of
2 2
5.5 4.75
CaCl and MgCl 1000 200
55.5 47.5
| |
= + =
|
\ .
Mass of
3
200
CaCO (meq. 200) 50 10g
1000
= = =
Hardness is 10 ppm
5. Acidic meq. =
0.61
(10 0.2) (30 0.1) 5 1000 E 122
E
+ = = =
6. Mass of alcohol in 2
nd
solution
10
80 0.9 7.2g
100
= =
Mass of alcohol in 1
st
solution =
90 7.2V
V 0.8 g
100 10
=
Now,
7.2V
7.2 V 10mL
10
= =
7. Mass = Moles Molar mass =
22
23
1 10
250 4.14g
6 10

8. Consider 1 L (1000 mL) of soln.

Molarity =
1000 30
1.095 9M
36.5 100
=
10. Weight of
2
(100 92)
H O 100g 8g
100

= =
Basic Stoichiometry HWT - 10