APWH Trimester Final 1 Review - Unit 1 Study Guide

Chapter 2
1. 2. 3. ". #. Where is Mesopotamia? What two rivers help give this region its name? What were the characteristics of Sumerian civilization? Why is Hamurabis o!e significant? What was cuneiform? What was significant of the early Hebrew religion? Who is consi!ere! the foun!er of this religion? $. What was the %hoenician economy !evelope! aroun!? What contribution !i! they ma&e to our language? '. Who were the (n!o)*uropeans? Where !i! they come from? Where !i! they migrate to ?

Chapter
1. Why is *gypt calle! the +gift of the ,ile? 2. What was the purpose of mummification? the pyrami!s? 3. What are hieroglyphics? Why are we able to rea! it to!ay?

Chapter !
1. What is the significance of Harappa an! -ohen.o)!aro? What happene! to these societies? 2. What is the +/ryan (nvasion theory? 3. What was the +caste system?

Chapter "
1. 2. 3. ". #. What values were important to the hinese? Why is the 0ellow 1iver calle! hinas 21iver of Sorrows? What was the 1st hinese !ynasty? What was the +-an!ate of Heaven ? What was the +veneration of ancestors? What were +oracle bones?

Chapter #
1. What is the generally accepte! e3planation of how humans ma!e their way to the /merican continent? 2. Who were the 4lmecs? 3. What helpe! the /ustronesians to populate the islan!s of the %acific? $%R&

Chapter '
1. What will allow the %ersians to govern such a large empire? 2. What were qanats? 3. What was 5oroastrianism? (ts beliefs?

Chapter (
1. 2. 3. ". Who was onfucius? What has been his impact on hinese history an! culture? What was +6egalism? What is so famous about the tomb of *mperor Shi)Huang!i? Why will the Han !ynasty collapse?

Chapter )
1. 2. 3. ". How was classical (n!ia !ifferent from classical %ersia an! hina? What was the 1st (n!ian empire? Why !i! it !ecline? Who will early 7u!!hism appeal to? Why will 7u!!hism eventually lose its popularity in (n!ia?

Chapter 1* Classi+al Gree+e

1. Why will the city)state 8or polis9 become the most important :ree& institution? 2. What were the two most important city)states in :reece? 3. What were most of Spartas resources were !evote! to? ". How !i! Sparta !iscourage social !istinctions? What !i! !etermine this? #. What was the upbringing of a Spartan male li&e? ;emale? $. How !i! Sparta maintain public or!er an! !iscourage rebellion by helots? '. Who coul! become a citizen in /thens? '. How !i! /thens achieve its great wealth? Who benefite! the most from this? <. Why will the :ree&s begin to establish colonies? Where will they !o this first? =. How !i! the :ree&s !iffer from classical %ersia> hina> an! (n!ia? 1?. What was the impact of :ree& colonization on the -e!iterranean region? 11. What will bring the :ree&s into conflict with the %ersian *mpire? 12. What happene! at the 7attle of -arathon 8"=? 7 *9? 13. What will happen to the %ersian forces that inva!e! :reece un!er @er3es? 1". What was the purpose of the Delian League? What city)state was its lea!er? What le! to a !ispute amongst its members? 1#. Why is the %eloponnesian War !escribe! as 2both !ebilitating an! !emoralizingA for the :ree&s? 1$. Where was -ace!on locate!? What influence !i! the :ree&s have on -ace!on elites? 1'. 7y 33? 7 * /le3an!er ha! conBuere! what great empire? Why will he stop in (n!ia? What became of /le3an!ers empire? 1<. What is meant by the term Hellenistic?

1=. How were the Hellenistic empires similar to classical %ersian> hinese> an! (n!ian empires? 2?. What was the purpose of the 4lympic :ames? 21. Why will religious cults become popular with women? 22. What !i! the 2mystery religionsA of the Hellenistic worl! have in common?

Chapter 11 R,me
1. 2. 3. ". What is a republic? How long !i! 1omes last? What was the structure of the 1oman 1epublic? Who were the patricians? plebeians? What le! to conflict with arthage an! the eventual Punic Wars 82$")1"$ 7 *9? What !i! 1ome gain as a result of its victory? #. Che e3pansion of the 1oman empire le! to what internal problems? $. What impact !i! the assassination of the :racchi brothers have on 1oman politics for the ne3t 1?? years? '. How will Dulius aesar gain his initial popularity with the 1oman people? <. What !omestic policies will aesar pursue after ma&ing himself dictator? What will be the response of the 1oman elite? =. Who was 4ctavian? How will he come to power? 1?. What was the pax romana? How long will it last? 11. What will be the impact of the 1oman roa! system? 12. What was the purpose of aBue!ucts? 13. What rights !i! the paterfamilias have? 1". What role !i! woman play in the 1oman family? 1#. How !i! 1oman authorities 2&eep the masses contente!A? 1$. What role !i! slave labor play in 1oman society? Who was Spartacus? 1'. What were relations li&e between Dews in %alestine an! 1oman authorities? 1<. Why will 1oman authorities be 2alarme!A by the teachings of Desus? What will they eventually !o to him? 1=. What will be the impact of %aul of Carsus on the hristian religion? 2?. Why will 1oman authorities persecute early hristians? 21. Who in particular will be attracte! to this new faith? Why?

Ch-12 Sil. R,ad

/ see your han!outEnotes

Ch-1 The C,mm,nwealth ,0 1y2antium

1. What was the strategic importance of 7yzantium 87yzantion9? 2. Why will onstantine ma&e 7yzantium a new imperial city? What !i! he re)name the city as? 3. 7y the late "th century> why will onstantinople be so important? ". Che 7yzantine empire began after the fall of what other empire? #. What religion will be the official religion of the 7yzantine empire?

$. 7y the $th century> how powerful ha! the 7yzantine emperor become? What was Dustinians most important political contribution? '. What territories will the 7yzantines lose to (slamic control by the mi!)'th century? <. What issues !ivi!e! church authorities in the 7yzantine *mpire an! Western *urope? =. What political +grievances !ivi!e! authorities in the 7yzantine *mpire an! Western *uropean lan!s? 1?. What classical culture ha! the greatest impact on the 7yzantine *mpire? 11. Who was the patriarch? How !i! he receive his position? 12. What is iconoclasm? 13. What were the religiousEtheological issues that split the two hristian communities?

Ch-1! Rise ,0 3slam

1. 3. ". #. <. What geographical region !i! (slam originate in? What was /rabias role in long)!istance tra!e of the post)classical era? What other religions !i! -uhamma!s new religion share beliefs with? What is the Furan? hadith? How !i! -uhamma! view himself an! his religious mission? How !i! this ma&e him !ifferent from /braham or Desus? =. What are the ;ive %illars of the (slamic faith? 1?. What provisions !i! -uhamma! ma&e for his successor? 11. 7y mi!)eighth century> how far !i! the (slamic empire stretch? What two empires> in particular> will lose territory to the -uslims? 12. How !i! the Shia sect of (slam come about? Who are the Sunni? 1". What present)!ay (raBi city became the center of the (slamic worl! at this time? 1$. What causes will bring about the !ecline of the /bbasi! !ynasty? 1'. What was the effect of new crops intro!uce! throughout dar al-Islam? (n which !irection !i! most of these pro!ucts move? What were some of these new foo!s? 1<. Why will some of these new foo!s result in !ramatic increases in foo! supply? 1=. -uslim conBuerors were able to ta&e a!vantage an! revive tra!e along what alrea!y establishe! tra!e route? 2?. What maritime a!vancements allowe! -uslim sailors to increase their tra!e? 21. How was -uslim Spain !ifferent than the rest of the (slamic worl!? 22. What rights !i! /rab women en.oy that those in most other lan!s !i! not? How !i! the Furan help enhance this? 23. 4n the other han!> how !i! the Furan an! sharia law reinforce male !ominance? 2". Why will the practice of the veiling of women be use! in the (slamic worl!? 2#. What is the -uslim view of interpreting the Furan in other languages? What was its effect on !ar)al (slam 2$. Who were the Sufis? Why were they effective as missionaries?

Chapter 1"4 The Resur5en+e ,0 &mpire in &ast Asia

1. 2. 3". "$. '. How will imperial rule be restore! in hina? What other regions in *ast /sia will be influence! by the hinese? What three policies helps to e3plains the success of the Cang !ynasty? How !i! most government officials receive their positions? What !i! the Song rulers place a great emphasis on? What 2two big problemsA !i! this lea! to? Che Song incursion into Gietnam le! to what commo!ity greatly e3pan!ing the supply of foo!? <. What was 2foot bin!ingA? Why was it !one? =. What new techniBues E technologies !i! the hinese !evelop !uring this time? Which was the 2most notable? 1?. How will hinese consumers stimulate tra!e throughout the *astern Hemisphere? 11. How will 7u!!hism reach hina? 12. Why will 7u!!hism become popular after the fall of the Han empire? Why were people attracte! to this new religion? 13. What will both Horea an! Gietnam borrow from hina? What was the most notable !ifference between Horea an! hina? 1". How will Gietnams relations with hina be similar to Horeas? Iifferent? 1#. What is the significance of Dapans +me!ieval perio!? 1$. Who were shoguns? 1'. Who were the samurai? Why was their role so !istinctive? 1<. What i!eas will Dapan borro from Cang hina?

Chapter 1#4 3ndia and the 3ndian %+ean 1asin

1. 2. 3. ". #. $. '. (n what ways will (n!ia influence other areas of S* /sia? How will the (n!ian 4cean basin move towar! greater economic integration? (n what way was the :upta empire similar to the Han an! 1oman empires? What was politics li&e in ,orthern (n!ia What three groups will bring (slam to ,. (n!ia? How !i! Southern &ing!oms !iffer politically from those in the ,orth? Why will Southern (n!ia e3perience greater economic !evelopment than the ,orth? <. How was tra!e in the (n!ian 4cean !ifferent in the postclassical era? =. What &in! of pressures were place! on the caste system? 1?. How will the aste system a!apt to changes in (n!ian society? 11. What two religious tra!itions will lose popularity in (n!ia at this time? What two will increasingly !ominate? 12. What events helpe! lea! to 7u!!hisms !ecline? 13. What was the impact of Sufis on (n!ians acceptance of (slam? 1". Who will intro!uce (n!ian influence into S* /sia? 1#. Why will ruling elites in S* /sia often)times convert to (slam?

Chapter 1'4 The F,undati,ns ,0 Christian S,+iety in Western &ur,pe

1. What hurch !i! the ;ran&s ma&e a 2firm allianceA with? What was the culturalEreligious result of this? 2. What was the significance of the 7attle of Cours 8'329? 3. Jn!er whos lea!ership will the ;ran&s reach their greatest power? ". What will harlemagnes three gran!sons !o to the empire? #. Chree groups of outsi!e inva!ers will bring !own the arolingiansK of the three> who the most feare!? $. What technology allowe! the ,orseEGi&ings to e3pan!? What areas will they eventually settle an! E or e3plore? '. How woul! you compare Econtrast the emergence of regional *uropean &ing!oms to postclassical hina an! (n!ia? <. Why !i! the feu!al system of lor!s an! retainers become so complicate! an! confusing? What !i! this !o to the political or!er of the time? =. What was a serf? Who !i! they owe obligations to? What were those obligations? 1?. How !oes the te3t compare economic activity in early me!ieval Western *urope to hina> (n!ia> the 7yzantine *mpire> SW /sia> etcL? What were the reasons for this? 11. What helpe! to bring about more economic stability by the 1?th century? 12. Co what region will the center of *uropean economic activity shift to !uring this time? How will the intro!uction of the 2heavy plowA impact this? 13. What was happening to the size of Western *uropes population by the year 1???? 1". How will harlemagne promote the sprea! of atholicism? 1#. What was the !enedictine "ule? What was its impact on other *uropean monasteries? 1$. What role an! services !i! monasteries provi!e?

Chapter 1(4 6,madi+ &mpires and &urasian 3nte5rati,n

1. What areas will the Cur&ish noma!s migrate to? 2. /lthough very !estructive> what positive benefits are a result of Cur&ish an! -ongol !omination? 3. What are the characteristics of a steppe? ". How involve! were noma!ic peoples in tra!e? #. *ventually> what religion will most Cur&s a!opt? $. What military a!vantage !i! the noma!s have over more tra!itional armies? '. What s&ills allowe! the -ongols to be so !ominate? How woul! they treat their conBuere! enemies? <. (nto what areas will :enghis e3ten! -ongol rule? =. /t the time of his !eath> what were the accomplishments of :hinggis Hhan? What was his greatest failing? 1?. What will eventually happen to :enghis Hhans empire? 11. Who was -arco %olo?

12. What areas will Hublai 8Hhubilai9 Hhan e3ten! -ongol !omination? What areas will he fail to conBuer? 13. Who were the +:ol!en Hor!e? Where will they establish their authority? 1". (n what ways !i! the -ongols !irectly> an! in!irectly> promote inter)regional interaction between *urope an! /sia? 1#. What was the main cause for the economic problems that le! to -ongol !ecline in %ersia? 1$. 7esi!es economic issues> what two other factors le! to -ongol !ecline in hina? 1'. /lthough short)live!> what is the significance of Camerlanes empire? What characteristics !i! Camerlane share with :enghis Hhan? 1<. ;ollowing Camerlanes !eath> what empire will the 4ttomans e3pan! at the e3pense of?

Ch-1) States and S,+ieties ,0 Su7-Saharan A0ri+a

1. Who were the 7antu? 2. How !i! bananas reach /frica? What was the impact of bananas on the !iet an! population of 7antu peoples? 3. How !i! 7antu peoples govern themselves? ". 7y what two metho!s will (slam be intro!uce! into /frica? #. What helpe! Buic&en the pace of travel an! communication through the Sahara Iesert? Where !i! they originally come from? $. What was the basis of tra!e between West an! *ast /frica? '. What were the a!vantages for *ast /frican nations converting to (slam? <. Who was -ansa -usa? What was his impact on the sprea! of (slam in West /frica?

=. What was the status of women in /frica compare! to those in other societies? 1?. Why will +slave rai!ing become a part of /frican culture? 11. (n what /frican &ing!om will hristianity become popular? What country is it to!ay?

Chapter 2*4 Western &ur,pe 8urin5 The Hi5h $iddle A5es

1. Who were the ,ormans? What ,orman will inva!e an! +conBuer *nglan!? 2. (n comparison to hina> you te3tboo& !escribes *urope in what way? 3. What !evelopments le! to the !ramatic increase in economic yiel!s in *urope !uring the High -i!!le /ges? What was the impact on population? ". Che re)emergence of specialization of labor will have what result? #. What were guil!s? What role !i! they play in the re)emerging cities? $. What are sacraments? Why were they so important? What is the most popular sacrament? Why was the Girgin -ary so popular with atholics? '. Why will some people become critical of the hurch? <. What areas will Scan!anavians e3plore an! establish colonies in? =. What was the reconquista? What year was it over? 1?. Why will %ope Jrban (( call for a +crusa!eA? 11. Why will the "th rusa!e be so tragic? 12. What will be the impact of the rusa!es on *uropean tra!e?