DEPART OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY, HEAD AND NECK SURGERY FATIMA COLLEGE OF MEDICINE Midterm Examination Fe r!

ar" #$, #$$% READ INSTRUCTION &EFORE ANS'ERING( A) NO ERASURES, NO SUPERIMPOSITIONS, AND NO ALTERATIONS &) ALL ANS'ERS SHOULD &E CAPITALI*ED C) YOU ARE ENTITLED TO ONLY ONE ANS'ER SHEET, PLEASE &E CAREFUL IN ANS'ERING+ A) MEDIAN RHOM&OID GLOSSITIS &) ANKYLOGLOSSIA C) PROGNATHISM D ,) Di--erentia. Dia/no0i0 1o!.d in2.!de Ne!ro-i romato0i0 A #) Em r"oni2 -ai.!re o- t3e t! er2!.!m im4art to e 2o5ered " t3e .atera. .in/!a. t! er2.e0 C 6) Anterior 4.a2ement o- t3e .o1er 7a1 13i23 ma" e a 0o.!te or re.ati5e & 8) A--e2t0 04ee23 0o!nd0 9A:, 9D: and 9N: E ;) D!e to t3e -ai.!re in t3e Gro1t3 2enter in t3e 2ond".e A) FIRST POUCH &) FIRST &RANCHIAL ARCH C) SECOND POUCH E <) '3ere t3e T3"m!0 de5e.o40 D %) T3i0 i0 t3e H"oid or Rei23ert=0 Carti.a/e A >) T3e E!0ta23ian T! e0 and t3e Midd.e Ear De5e.o40 -rom ?????) & @) T3e Ma..e!0, In2!0 and S43enomandi !.ar .i/ament are deri5ed C ,$) '3ere t3e Ton0i..ar Fo00a de5e.o40 A) PHARYNGEAL &URSAE &) AALLECULAE C) PALATOGLOSSUS & ,,) Anatomi2a. 4i.. 4o2Bet E ,#) Protr!din/ Po0terior 4art o- t3e T! a. Carti.a/e anterior to t3e E!0ta23ian t! e F ,6) Po0terior Ton0i..ar Pi..ar D ,8) A2tion i0 to 4rote2t t3e /.otti0 and 4re5ent0 a04iration A ,;) Em r"o.o/i2a. remnant o- t3e noto23ord 4re0entin/ a0 a 0a2C.iBe de4re00ion in t3e 4o0terior 1a.. C ,<) Anterior Ton0i..ar Pi..ar D) EPIGLOTITTIS E) TORUS TU&ARIUS F) PALATOPHARYNGEUS D) SECOND &RANCHIAL ARCH E) THIRD POUCH D) MACROGLOSSIA E) MICROGNATHIA

ORAL CAAITY, OROPHARYND AND NASOPHARYND D ,%) Do not !0!a.." reE!ire treatment A) median r3om oid /.o00iti0 &) mi.d anB".o/.o00ia & ,>) Not tr!e o- t3e 2.e-t .i4 and 4a.ate A) 2orre2tion o- earF3earin/ 4ro .em0 are im4ortant -or 04ee23 de5e.o4ment &) 2.e-t 4a.ate i0 !0!a.." re4aired at t3e a/e ten 1eeB0 C) en.ar/ed ton0i.0 and adenoid0 are not remo5ed to red!2e na0a.it" o- 5oi2e D) Mana/ed " 9team a44roa23): A ,@) C3ara2teriGed " mi2ro/nat3ia, 2.e-t 4a.ate and /.o00o4to0i0 A) Ro in anoma." &) A4ert 0"ndrome D #$) Tr!e o- denti/ero!0 2"0t0 A) 2ontain t3e 2ro1n o- an !ner!4ted toot3 &) !0!a.." in5o.5e0 t3e 4remo.ar0, mo.ar0 or 2aine0 C) o-ten 0o.itar" D) a.. o- t3e a o5e & #,) Not tr!e o- radi2!.ar 2"0t0 A) e4it3e.ia. re0t0 o- Ma.a00eG 4ro.i-erate in t3e a4i2a. /ran!.oma &) en.ar/e and 2a!0e mandi !.ar de-ormit" C) ma" re0!.t -rom denta. 2arie0 D) mo0t 2ommon o- ora. 2"0t0 C ##) C"0t .ined " BeratiniGed 0trati-ied 0E!amo!0 e4it3e.i!m and ma" 2ontain Beratin and an" 0Bin a44enda/e0, .iBe 3air -o..i2.e0, 01eat or 0e a2eo!0 /.and0 A) Na0oa.5eo.ar &) Na0o4a.atine C #6) An en.ar/ed retention 2"0t A) m!2o2e.e &) m!2om"0t C) ran!.a D) dermoid D #8) Not tr!e o- /ran!.oma 4"o/enie!m A) a 0eE!e. o- denta. 4!.4 in-e2tion &) a44ear0 a0 reddi03 -.e03" ma00 atta23ed to t3e /in/i5ae, !0!a.." near t3e in2i0or0 C) mana/ed " ex2i0ion and toot3 extra2tion D) none o- t3e a o5e C #;) Ton/!e 23ara2teriGed " 0ma.. -i00!re0 di5idin/ t3e 4a4i..ae into /ro!40F2.!m40 A) .a2B 3air" ton/!e &) /eo/ra43i2 ton/!e C #<) Not tr!e o- ame.o .a0toma0 A) ma" ari0e -rom denti/ero!0 2"0t0 C) 02rota. ton/!e D) median r3om oid /.o00iti0 C) Dermoid D) Retention C) Cro!Gon Di0ea0e D) None o- t3e0e C) tor!0 mandi !.ari0 D) a.. o- t3e a o5e

&) mana/ed .iBe a ma.i/nant t!mor e2a!0e o- a//re00i5e e3a5ior C) !0!a.." -o!nd in t3e maxi..a D) 0!r/i2a. de-e2t ma" e re4aired 1it3 -i !.a, i.ia2 one or ri 0 & #%) T3i0 .e0ion i0 -reE!ent." mono0toti2, a--e2t0 -ema.e0, -o!nd in t3e maxi..a, 9 !rn0 o!t: in .ate ado.e02en2e, 4rod!2in/ 4ain.e00 -a2ia. a0"mmetr" A) M"xoma &) -i ro!0 d"04.a0ia D #>) Not tr!e o- 23oana. atre0ia A) o-ten 2a!0ed " a 4er0i0tent on" 4.ate in t3e 23oana &) 4re0ent0 a0 an emer/en2" at irt3 i- i.atera. C) ma" e mana/ed tem4orari." 1it3 a 4.a0ti2 ora. air1a" in t3e mo!t3 D) !ni.atera. atre0ia need0 immediate 2orre2tion & #@) T3e e0t 1a" to dia/no0e a 7!5eni.e na0o43ar"n/ea. an/io-i roma in2.!de0 t3e -o..o1in/, EDCEPT( A) &io40" &) 2.ini2a. examination C) CT S2an D) MRI D 6$) Periton0i..ar a 02e00 ma" e mana/ed " A) In2i0ion and Draina/e &) Intra5eno!0 Anti ioti20 A) Cor P!.mona.e &) Periton0i..ar A 02e00 C) Ton0i..e2tom" a-ter , mont3 D) A.. o- t3e0e C) C3roni2it" H6 I 8 time0 "earJ D) S!04i2ion o- Ma.i/nan2" C) 2ementi-"in/ -i roma D) e4!.i0

C 6,) Not an a 0o.!te indi2ation -or ton0i..e2tom"

C 6#) A 02e00 2ommon in in-ant0 K 23i.dren, -o!nd anterior to t3e 4re5erte ra. -a02ia, 23ara2teriGed " d"043a/ia, 4ain on 01a..o1in/ and 4re0ent0 a0 an air1a" o 0tr!2tion A) Ma0ti2ator &) L!d1i/=0 C) Periton0i..ar D) Retro43ar"n/ea. D 66) Not 4art o- t3e treatment o- o 0tr!2ti5e 0.ee4 a4nea HOSAJ A) tra23eo0tom" K ton0i..e2tom" &) CPAP LARYND & 68) A a " /ir. 1a0 de.i5ered " NSD 1it3 an APGAR 02ore o- @, ,$ and 1a0 di023ar/e -rom t3e 3o04ita. on t3e 6rd 3o04ita. da") S3e 1a0 1e.. !nti. on 3er <t3 1eeB o- .i-e, 4atient a0 noted to 3a5e 9noi0": reat3in/ on in04iration) S3e 3a0 /ood 2r" and t3ere 1ere no e4i0ode0 o- a04iration or 2"ano0i0 d!rin/ -eedin/) '3at do "o! ex4e2t to -ind on dire2t .ar"n/o02o4"L A) dimini03ed 0! /.otti2 diameter &) So-t, 2o..a40i .e e4i/.otti0 C) &.eedin/ in a darB, 4!r4.i03 0! /.otti2 ma00 D) None o- t3e a o5e E 6;) Mana/ement on t3i0 4atient 1o!.d e( C) A5oidan2e o- A.2o3o. D) Sedati5e0

A) E.e2ti5e tra23eo0tom" 0in2e no e4i0ode o- 2"ano0i0 i0 noted &) La0er ex2i0ion C) S!r/er" D) Steroid t3era4" E) None o- t3e a o5e E 6<) F.!id -i..ed 2"0ti2 .e0ion in t3e .ar"n/ea. 5entri2.e A) .ar"n/o2e.e0 &) 0a22!.ar 2"0t A) 4o0terior 2ri2oar"tenoid &) .atera. 2ri2oar"tenoid A) E4i/.otti0 &) t3"roid 2arti.a/e A) M".o3"oid &) Omo3"oid & 8$) Stra4 m!02.e0 o- t3e .ar"nx( A) M".o3"oid &) Omo3"oid A) Lar"n/oma.a2ia &) 0! /.otti2 0teno0i0 A) S!4ra/.otti0 &) G.otti0 A) Indire2t .ar"n/o02o4" &) Dire2t .ar"n/o02o4" C) Ri/id endo02o4i2 .ar"n/o02o4" & 88) Stra40 m!02.e0 a2t0 a0( A) 2.e5ator0 o- t3e .ar"nx &) de4re00or0 o- t3e .ar"nx C) ten0or0 o- t3e .ar"nx C 8;) T3e on." Intrin0i2 m!02.e0 0!44.ied " t3e motor ran23 o- t3e 0!4erior .ar"n/ea. ner5e i0( A) 4o0terior 2ri2oar"tenoid0 &) .atera. 2ri2oar"tenoid0 C) 2ri2ot3"roid D) 5o2a.i0 t3"roar"tenoid E) t3"roar"tenoid D) add!2tor0 o- t3e .ar"nx E) none o- t3e0e C) Di/a0tri2 D) St".o3"oid C) S! /.otti2 3eman/ioma D) Con/enita. .ar"n/ea. 4ara."0i0 C) S! /.otti0 D) Tra23ea D) F.exi .e endo02o4i2 .ar"n/o02o4" E) None o- t3e0e E) none o- t3e0e E) none o- t3e0e C) e4i/.otti2 2"0t D) 0! /.otti2 0teno0i0 C) 2ri2ot3"roid D) t3"roar"tenoid C) 2ri2oid 2arti.a/e D) ar"tenoid0 C) Di/a0tri2 D) St".o3"oid E) none o- t3e0e E) none o- t3e0e E) interar"tenoid E) none o- t3e0e

C 6%) T3e 0!4erior .ar"n/ea. ner5e /i5e0 a motor ran23 to t3e(

C 6>) T3e on." 2om4.ete 2ir2!.ar 2arti.a/e in t3e .ar"n/ea. 0tr!2t!re

E 6@) Extrin0i2 m!02.e0 o- t3e .ar"nx EDCEPT(

A 8,) Con/enita. .ar"n/ea. .e0ion a00o2iated 1it3 4e2t!m ex2a5at!m

C 8#) Mo0t 2ommon .o2ation o- t3e 2on/enita. .ar"n/ea. 1e (

E 86) O!t 4atient .ar"n/o02o4" 2an e done t3ro!/3 t3e -o..o1in/, EDCEPT(

C 8<) Intrin0i2 .ar"n/ea. m!02.e 13i23 a2t a0 add!2tor and ten0or A) 4o0terior 2ri2oar"tenoid &) interar"tenoid C) 2ri2ot3"roid E 8%) TRUE o- t3e .ar"n/ea. inner5ation0 EDCEPT( A) Ri/3t .ar"n/ea. ner5e 3ooB aro!nd t3e ri/3t 0! 2.a5ian ner5e &) T3e 0!4erior .ar"n/ea. Hinterna. ran23J 4ier2e0 t3e t3"ro3"oid mem rane 13i.e t3e re2!rrent .ar"n/ea. ner5e enter t3e 0! /.otti0 7!0t e.o1 t3e 2ri2ot3"roid arti2!.ation C) ot3 t3e 0!4erior and in-erior ran23 3a5e ot3 motor and 0en0or" inner5ation0 D) t3e .e-t .ar"n/ea. ner5e i0 more 4rone to in7!r" t3an t3e ri/3t E) none o- t3e a o5e E 8>) T3e -o..o1in/ 0tr!2t!re0 2an e 0eenF5i0!a.iGe in Indire2t .ar"n/o02o4" EDCEPT( A) Aa..e2!.a &) ar"e4i/.otti2 -o.d0 TRACHEA A) CROUP &) TRACHECESOPHAGEAL FISTULA C) TRACHEAL STENOSIS C 8@) Intrin0i2 narro1in/ .!men, 1a..0 are ri/id and nonCdi0ten0i .eM Sx( Re04irator" Di0tre00 A ;$) Ta23"4nea, &arBin/ 2o!/3, 2"ano0i0, 0tridor 2a!0ed " In-.!enGa T"4e A D ;,) A--e2tin/ 4art o- a.. 4art0 tra23ea. 1a.., 0o-tenin/ o- 0!44ortin/ 2arti.a/e0M Sx( Stridor, arBin/ 2o!/3, re2!rrent re04irator" in-e2tion TRUE OF FALSE F ;#) Tra23eotom" i0 a 0!r/i2a. o4enin/ into t3e tra23ea t3ro!/3 13i23 a t! e 2an e 4a00ed F ;6) Tra23ea e/in0 0!4erior order o- Cri2oid 2arti.a/e, end0 at Carina 1it3 ,$ I ,8 3"a.ine 2arti.a/e0 T ;8) D!rin/ Dee4 In04iration T3ora2i2 Part 1iden0 F ;;) D!rin/ For2ed Ex4iration T3ora2i2 4art 1iden0 F ;<) Tra23ea i0 a -i rom!02!.ar t! e 1it3 ,$ I ,8 3"a.ine 2arti.a/e0 F ;%) T3e .en/t3 o- t3e tra23ea i0 ,8 I #$ 2m T ;>) T3e diameter o- t3e tra23ea i0 ,% I #8 2m T ;@) Tra23eoCe0o43a/ea. -i0t!.a are immediate and de.a"ed 2om4.i2ation0 F <$) Tra23eo0tom" i0 a 0!r/i2a. 4ro2ed!re !0e to 2reate and o4enin/ D <,) De.a"ed Com4.i2ation0, EDCEPT( A) Tra23eoma.a2ia &) Tra23eo2!.taneo!0 -i0t!.a C) Tra23ea. Steno0i0 D) A04iration o- Ga0tri2 Content0 E) De.a"ed Hemorr3a/e D) TRACHEOMALACIA E) NONE OF THESE C) E4i/.otti0 D) Fa.0e 5o2a. 2ord0 E) ar"tenoid0 D) t3"roar"tenoid E) .atera. 2ri2oar"tenoid

C <#) Immediate 2om4.i2ation0, EDCEPT( A) Hemorr3a/e &) S! 2!taneo!0 Em43"0ema C) Tra23ea. Steno0i0 C <6) Pa4i..oma, EDCEPT( A) mo0t 2ommon eni/n t!mor &) 4a4o5a5ir!0 C) r3ino5ir!0 ESOPHAGUS COLUMN A M <8) ,; I #$ 2m -rom !44er in2i0or A <;) # 4otentia.." 1eaB area in 4o0ter mid.ine
nd

D) Pne!mot3orax E) A4nea

D) C3roni2 2o!/3 E) Hoar0ene00

COLUMN & A) Laimer Trian/.e &) Ki..ian I Namie0on C) A23a.a0ia D) Ga0troe0o43a/ea. N!n2tion E) Ki..ian=0 De3i02en2e F) Anterior Com4re00ion G) Di--!0e E0o43a/ea. S4a0m H) A2id &!rn I) A.Ba.i &!rn N) Ora. P3a0e De/.!tition K) P3ar"n/ea. P3a0e De/.!tition L) E0o43a/ea. P3a0e De/.!tition M) U44er E0o43a/ea. S43in2ter

N <<) Pre4arator", Ao.!ntar" Contro. D <%) 8$ I 8; 2m -rom U44er In2i0or E <>) 'eaBne00 et1een Interior P3ar"n/ea. Con0tri2tor M!02.e and Cri2o43ar"n/e!0 K <@) Re-.ex 4ortion o- De/.!tition H %$) Coa/!.ation Ne2ro0i0 I %,) LiE!e-a2tion Ne2ro0i0 C %#) &ird=0 &eaB E0o43a/!0 " DCra" L %6) &o.!0 o- Food de02end0 into e0o43a/!0 F %8) #$ I #; 2m -rom !44er in2i0or & %;) Latera. De3i02en2e G %<) CorBCS2re1 E0o43a/!0 " DCra" G %%) Re4etiti5e Hi/3 Am4.it!de Contra2tion C %>) Di.atation Hi/3 Am4.it!de Contra2tion C %@) H I T"4e Con/enita. Di0order o- E0o43a/!0

A) E0o43a/ea. Atre0ia 1it3 Di0ta. Tra23eoCE0o43a/ea. Fi0t!.a HTEFJ &) E0o43a/ea. Atre0ia 1it3 Proxima. TEF C) Tra23eoCE0o43a/ea. Fi0t!.a 1it3o!t Atre0ia D) E0o43a/ea. Atre0ia 1it3o!t TEF E) None o- t3e0e F) A.. o- t3e0e E >$) A.Ba.i A) Penetrate0 more ra4id." in t3e e0o43a/!0 &) Penetrate0 more ra4id." in t3e 0toma23 D) Coa/!.ation Ne2ro0i0 E) A and C

C) LiE!e-a2tion ne2ro0i0 & >,) &ird=0 &eaB De-ormit" on &ari!m St!d" A) Di--!0e e0o43a/ea. 04a0m &) A23a.a0ia C) *enBer=0 Di5erti2!.!m A) Ki..ian=0 De3i02en2e &) Ki..ian I Namie0on C) Laimer I Ha2Berman Trian/.e F >6) A23a.a0ia, EDCEPT( A) Di.atation and E.on/ation o- LES &) Narro1in/ o- LES C) Pro4en0it" to de5e.o4 E0o43a/ea. Can2er D) Genera.iGed Motor Di0order o- t3e E0o43a/!0 E) A.. o- t3e0e F) None o- t3e0e LARYND AND HYPOPHARYND

F) A.. o- t3e0e D) Lar"n/ea. 'e E) None o- t3e0e F) A.. o- t3e0e D) A.. o- t3e0e E) A and & on." F) None o- t3e0e

& >#) Latera. De3i02en2e o- t3e P3ar"n/oCe0o43a/ea. 0e/ment

& >8) Radio.o/i2a too. -or t3e a00e00ment o- t3e .ar"nx -o..o1in/ externa. tra!ma A) Lar"n/o/ram &) Com4!ted Tomo/ra43" HCTJ A) i0 2ontraindi2ated &) i0 indi2ated i- a 0tri2t!re i0 a44arent " xCra" C) i0 !nne2e00ar" in t3e 4re0en2e o- ora. !rn0 D) i0 indi2ated i- d"043a/ia 4er0i0t0 a-ter 0teroid t3era4" E) 03o!.d e 2arried o!t 1it3in 8>C3o!r0 A ><) Tr!e -or -orei/n odie0 o- t3e e0o43a/!0, EDCEPT( A) mo0t -reE!ent." .od/e 13ere t3e aorta 2ro00e0 t3e e0o43a/!0 &) 03o!.d e remo5ed a0 0oon a0 4o00i .e C) i- -.at, 2ommon." 4re0ent in t3e 2orona. 4.ane D) i- 4ointed, 2an 2a!0e 4er-oration E) !0!a.." remo5ed 1it3 a ri/id e0o43a/o02o4e A >%) '3at i0 t3e e0t indi2ator o- t3e anatomi2 .e5e. o- air1a" o 0tr!2tion A) a00o2iation 1it3 eatin/ di--i2!.tie0 &) 4o0t!rin/ C) re04irator" 43a0e d!rin/ 13i23 0tridor o22!r0 E >>) Ga0troe0o43a/ea. re-.!x i0 etio.o/i2a.." im4.i2ated 1it3( D) re04irator" rate E) d"04nea C) Po."tomo/ra43" D) So-t ti00!e ti00!e radio/ra430 E) Dero/ram

E >;) T3e 4atient 13o 3a0 in/e0ted a 2a!0ti2 materia., e0o43a/o02o4"

A) 2onta2t /ran!.oma &) .ar"n/ea. 2an2er A) 0! 0terna. 23e0t 4ain &) 0o!r ta0te

C) .e!Bo4.aBia o- t3e 5o2a. 2or0 D) *enBer=0 di5erti2!.!m C) a2B 4ain D) re/!r/itation

E) A.. o- t3e a o5e

A >@) T3e mo0t 2ommon 0"m4tom o- /a0troe0o43a/ea. re-.!x di0ea0e HGERDJ i0 E) e4i/a0tri2 4ain

A @$) T3e mo0t 2ommon eni/n and ma.i/nant .e0ion0 o- t3e e0o43a/!0 are( A) .eiom"oma, 0E!amo!0 2e.. 2ar2inoma &) ne!ro-i roma, 0E!amo!0 2e.. 2ar2inoma C) -i roma, 0E!amo!0 2e.. 2ar2inoma D @,) T3e mo0t 2ommon e0o43a/ea. -orei/n od" -o!nd in 23i.dren i0( A) -i03 04ine &) meat C) to" D) 2oin E) t3!m ta2B0 D @#) Lar"n/iti0 a00o2iated air1a" 2om4romi0e i0 more 2ommon in 23i.dren e2a!0e( A) or/ani0m0 are more 5ir!.ent &) 5a22ination0 are ine--e2ti5e C) t3e imm!ne 0"0tem i0 immat!re A @6) At 13at .e5e. doe0 t3e norma. 43ar"nx e2ome 2ontin!o!0 1it3 t3e 2er5i2a. e0o43a/!0 A) CC8 A) O4i0t3oton!0 &) Fe5er o- 8$C A) Ta23"4nea &) S! 0terna. retra2tion0 A) dro1nin/ &) mid-a2e tra!ma A) .en/t3 o- int! ation time &) i023emi2 ne2ro0i0 2an e 2a!0ed " endotra23ea. t! e 4re00!re C) 0!4erim4o0ed re04irator" tra2t in-e2tion D) /a0troe0o43a/ea. re-.!x E) t3e 2ri2oid rin/ i0 t3e narro1e0t 4art o- t3e air1a" A or & @>) '3at i0 t3e mo0t 2ommon ear." 2om4.i2ation o- 4ediatri2 tra23eotom" A) &.eedin/ &) Pne!mot3orax A) Hoar0ene00 &) 0tee4.e 0i/n " DCra" C) T! e di04.a2ement D) T! e o 0tr!2tion C) a/e .e00 t3an # "ear0 D) droo.in/ E) /rad!a. on0et E) /ran!.ation ti00!e -ormation &) CC; C) CC< D) TC, E) TC# E) 4rod!2ti5e 2o!/3 C @8) In an ad!.t 1it3 e4i/.ottiti0, 13i23 indi2ate0 a need -or air1a" inter5ention C) Le!2o2"to0i0 o- O #;,$$$ D) ra4id on0et o- 0"m4tom0 C) 2"ano0i0 D) i43a0i2 0tridor C) .ar"n/ea. in-e2tion D) a/e .e00 t3an ,< "ear0 E) 4o00i .e 2er5i2a. 04ine in7!r" E) -ati/!e D) t3e air1a" i0 0ma..er E) anti ioti20 are .e00 e--e2ti5e D) .eiom"oma, adeno2ar2inoma E) -i roma, adeno2ar2inoma

C @;) '3i23 i0 t3e ear.ie0t 0i/n o- re04irator" -ai.!reL

C @<) '3i23 o- t3e -o..o1in/ i0 a re.ati5e 2ontraindi2ation o- Cri2ot3"rotom"L

E @%) '3i23 o- t3e -o..o1in/ 0eem NOT to 2ontri !te to .ar"n/ea. 0teno0i0

E @@) C3ara2teri0ti20 o- .ar"n/otra23eiti0 H2ro!4J in2.!de a.. o- t3e -o..o1in/, EDCEPT(

A ,$$) '3at i0 t3e main ad5anta/e o- F.exi .e &ron23o02o4" o5er Ri/id &ron23o02o4"L A) more di0ta. ron23ia. 0e/ment0 2an e examined &) a..o10 -or an air1a" C) a i.it" to remo5e -orei/n odie0 D) etter o4ti20 E) ex4en0e o- eE!i4ment