King Saud University College of Engineering Petroleum & Natural Gas Engineering Department Drilling Engineering: PGE 472

Oil Well Cement: Assignment No. 4

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1) A string of 13-3/8, 48 lb/ft casing (thickness 0.32''), is to be cemented at 2000' with a 15 lb/gal slurry. Complete fill up is desired. Discuss the choice of displacing fluid. Maximum collapse pressure of 13-3/8, 48 lb/ft CSG is 740 psi. Float collar is 50' above shoe. 2) What surface pressure must be held to prevent cement back flow under the following conditions: mud 9 ppg, cement is 15 ppg, oil 30 API (used to displace cement), fill up 2000 ft well depth 6000'. 3) A well is to be cemented with 50-50 pozzolan cement containing 2% bentonite per weight and mixed with 5.75 gal of water per sack. The specific gravity of the cement is 3.14; of pozzolan 2.46 and of bentonite 2.65. Calculate the slurry volume yield. 4) A 9000 string of 7", 29 lb/ft casing is to be run in a 9-7/8" hole with float-collar placed 50' above shoe. 750 sacks of cement are to be mixed at a slurry weight of 15.5 lb/gal, with a yield of 1.2ft3 /Sack. Cement is mixed at a rate of 30 sacks/mim, the rig pump has 18" stroke with 6.5" liners and operates at 60 SPM and 95% volumetric efficiency. a) What will be the mixing and displacement time b) Calculate the fill up in the annulus. 5) A string of 13-3/8 CSG, 68 lb/ft is to be cemented at 3000' over 2000' of open hole. If slurry yield is 2 ft3/sack and excess factor is 100 in open hole. 20" casing is set at 1000', I.D. =18.5". Float collar is 80' above shoe .Find the number of sacks for this job and the amount of displacing fluid (bbls) to displace cement to float collar. What will be the final displacing pressure. 6) A 9-5/8" casing, ID. 8.5", is to be cemented in 12.25" hole from 9000 to surface. The shoe of the surface casing (13-5/8") was set at 4000', I.D. is 12.5". The float collar is placed 80' above the shoe of the 9-5/8" CSG. The cement to be used is API class with 3% attapulgite. The mixing water is salt saturated and is 44% by weight of dry cement, increased by 5% for each one percent of attapulgite. Mixing water weighs 10 ppg. a) What is the yield of dry cement b) Find the specific weight (ppg) of slurry. c) How many sacks of cement are required for this cement job, if 100% excess cement is used in open hole d) Check if a thickening time of 4.5 hours is adequate for this job. The slurry is pumped at the rate of 45 ft3/min and displaced at the rate of 50 ft3/min.

e) In case that the float valve fails to work effectively, estimate the minimum pressure to apply at the surface to prevent the slurry from returning to the inside of the casing. Mud weight is 90 lb/ft3 7) It is required to set 13-3/8 string (I.D. 12.4'') at 4000'. 20" casing is set at 1000' (I.D. of 20" is 18.5"). Average diameter of open hole below 20" casing is 18.5". The 13 -3/8" string should be cemented to the surface. Use 150% excess in open hole and 10% excess in the annular space between casing strings. Neglect the amount of cement left below the float collar. The yield of cement per sack is 2 ft3/sack a) Find the number of sacks of class G cement for this job. b) The minimum thickening time if mixing, pumping and displacement were conducted at 7 barrels per minute. c) If the float shoe and float collar failed to work what would be the minimum surface pressure into the casing? slurry = 12.8 ppg, m =90ppg 8) 7" casing to be lowered to 10,000' in 8 1/2" hole, 9 5/8" casing (ID 8.68") at 8,000'. Well is filled with 11.0 ppg mud. Casing is fitted with float shoe and lowered empty. Casing grade is N80 & 26 lb./ft. Assume no excess cement, CSG ID is 6.28". a. If casing string is to be cemented with 16.2 ppg slurry till the surface, draw a curve showing change in hook load with amount of cement pumped inside and outside casing. Hole size is 9" average diameter. Show the following points: (1) zero CMT pumped, (2) total volume of CMT pumped, (3) CMT reached shoe, (4) CMT equalized inside and outside, and (5) CMT is outside CSG except the last 80' of CSG. Draw force depth diagram for each case. b. Draw the variation of surface pressure assuming hydrostatic conditions.