4.

2
What are you going to Think and discuss. A circus has 3 male and 3 female
learn? tigers. a) If the keeper feeds 39 kg of meat to the tigers
To define a linear
each day and each tiger gets the same portion, what
equation with one
variable is the weight of meat fed to each tiger everyday?
To make a model to
state an equation
To understand Solution
and Solution Set

Key Terms :
• equation
• linear equation with
one variable
• solution and Set
solution

Picture 4..4
b) If each tiger eats m kg of meat everyday, and the
meat eaten by all tigers is 45 kg, write down an open
sentence related to the weight of meat eaten by all
tigers. How many kg of meat are eaten by six female
tigers?
c) If a male tiger eats meat twice as much as a female
tiger, and the meat eaten by all tigers is 36 kg, how
many kilograms of meat are eaten by six male tigers?

In the tiger problems:

• If one tiger eats m kg, then the relation is 6m = 45.
• The value of m is unknown. Therefore, m is a variable. An open sentence
that uses the sign “=” is called an equation.
• If the highest power of the variable in an equation is 1, then that
equation is called a linear equation.

Mathematics for Junior High School – Year 7/ 131

 Consider the following equations. Determine which
ones are linear equations with one variable? Give the
reasons.
a) p - 12 = 5
b) t + r = 28

c) h2 = 16
d) 2k – 3 = k + 7

Think and discuss. To celebrate the Independence

Day of Indonesia, students of “SMP Association” and
students of “SMP Reconciliation” held a competition
in the square of the district. They went to the square
of the district by car and bicycle. Students of “SMP
Association” needed three cars and six bicycles.
Students of “SMP Reconciliation” needed two cars
and seven bicycles.
The number of students in each car was the same.

If the total number of the students of those two

schools was 88,
(a) how many cars were used to go to the square of
the district?
(b) how many students went to the square of the
district by bicycle?
(c) how many students were there in each car?

Look at the tiger problem again.

The equation we get is 6m = 45. If m is substituted by

five, then the sentence becomes 6 x 5 = 45 and it is

132/ Student’s Book – Linear Equations and Inequalities with One Variable
false.

If m is substituted by 6, then the sentence becomes 6 x

6 = 45 and it is false.

If m is substituted by 7, then the sentence becomes 6 x

7 = 45 and it is false.

If m is substituted by 7 1 , then the sentence becomes

2

6 x 7 1 = 45 and it is true. Is there any value of m to

2
make the sentence true?

The value to make the equation becomes true is

called a solution of the equation. Therefore, the

solution of the equation 6m = 45 is 7 1 .

2

Mathematics for Junior High School – Year 7/ 133

 1. In the following sentences, determine which one
is a linear equation with one variable and which one
is a non linear equation with one variable. Give
reason.

a. 3s = 4 – s f. x2 – x = 0
b. –5t > t + 2 g. k ³ -5k +3
c. m = 2n – 5 h. x – y = 7
d. x = 9 – 3x i. 2s + s + 9
e. y + 5 = -1 j. 5m = 2m + 5

2. Write T in the bracket if the statement is true and

write F if the statement is false (do it by replacing the
value of x in the equation).
a. 4 is a solution of –2x + 4 = x (. . . )
b. –3 is not a solution of 2x – 3 = 9 (...)
c. 5 is a solution of 5x – 10 = x + 10 ( . . . )
d. 0 is a solution of x – 3 = 2x – 3 ( . . . )
e. –1 is not a solution of 3x + 3 = 0 ( . . . )

3
f. is a solution of 4x – 5 = 8x + 1 ( . . . )
4
3
g. - is a solution of 5x + 6 = -10x – 3 ( . . . )
5

3. Write examples of open sentences that can be

represented by the following linear equation.
a. 5 − x = 3 c. 5x + 3 = 3x + 9
b. x – 2 = 3x + 4 d. 8 – x = 2x – 1

4. Write a linear equation with one variable for

each of the following statements.

134/ Student’s Book – Linear Equations and Inequalities with One Variable
a. If Rp500.00 is added to Fia’s money, it will
become Rp 5,000.00.
b. After 7 books are taken by Ida, Ifa has 12
books left.
c. If Fitri’s money is multiplied by 2, it will
become Rp 15,000.00.
d. If Dani’s money is given to his two younger
brothers, each of them will have Rp 3,500.00.
e. After it is added Rp 50,000.00, Mother’s money
becomes Rp75,000.00.

Mathematics for Junior High School – Year 7/ 135

136/ Student’s Book – Linear Equations and Inequalities with One Variable