Sonchus arvensis ( tempuyung)

Scientific classification Kingdom: plantae Order : asterales Family : asteraceae Tribe : cichorieae Genus : sonchus Species : s.arvensis Binomial name : sonchus arvensis L.
Local names
Perennial so thistle! tempuyung! "ield so thistle! niu she tou! laitron des cha

Botanical characteristic

Stems To #.$m tall!erect!herbaceous!glabrous!glaucous!hollo ! ith mil%y sap!branching above in in"lorescence!single "rom stout taproot or stolons. Leaves &lternate!sessile!clasping!glabrous!dentate 'the teeth ith minute pric%le tips(!to )*+cm long!reduced above. Lo er leaves lyrate pinnati"id. ,pper leaves oblong-linear. Inflorescence Loose corymbi"orm arrangement o" "lo er heads teminating branches o" in"lorescence. Peduncles glabrous or ith glandular pubescence. .ach division o" in"lorescence subtented by small scale li%e attenuate bract. Involucres /ylindrical to urceolate!to #.0cm tall 'long( in "lo er!1-2mm in diameter. Phyllaries in t o or three series. Outer most phyllaries small. 3nner phyllaries to #.4mm long!5mm broad!linear ! ith scarious margins!spreading to slightly recurved at ape6!glabrous or ith glandular pubescence! ith dar%er green midvein!apressed. Ray flowers 7ead to $cm broad. Flo ers "ertile. Ligules yello ! -*cm long! *-0 toothed at ape6! glabrous. /orolla tube hitish! pubescent. Pappus o" numerous capillary bristles to #.5 cm long. &chene #mm long in "lo er ')*mm long in "ruit(! pubescent. 8eceptacle slightly concave. Disk flowers &bsent Flowering 9une-october Habitat :aste ground! roadsides! railroads Origin ;ative to .urasia

Plant material used Whole aerial plant

Major chemical constituents luteolin 7-0-glycoside, apigenin 7-0-glycoside, , Isocynaroside, Sonchoside, 3,4,7-trihydm lavone and its derivatives, uteolin, quercetin-3-O-glucosidase, 3 -hydro y-!"-enoic acid, metho y-acid, - #ydro yphenyl acid$ entacylic triterpenes% triterpenes account &or a'out () o& the crude lipid e tract or 0$") o& the dried plant$ *omposition o& the triterpenoid &raction, as indicated 'y gas chromatography o& the corresponding acetates, +as a-amyrin ,-)., -amyrin ,"!)., lupeol ,!3)., tara asterol ,"4). and pseudo-tara asterol ,!").$ / single, long-chain alcohol ,!(). +as also present Dosage forms 0ried plant made into decoction Medicinal uses
Uses described in pharmacopoeias and well established documents

0iuretic and anti-1idney stone

Uses described in traditional medicine

2idney stone, gallstone, dysentri, haemorrhoid, 3out arthritis, apendicitis, mastitis, hypertension, 'urn +ound, 'ruises$ Posology "40 mg o& dried plant 'oiled +ith "40 ml o& +ater until !40 ml le&t, let cool then &ilter +ith clean cloth$ 0ivide into 3 equal volume &or one day$
References http:<< .missouriplants.com<=ello alt<Sonchus>arvensis>page.html

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