WATER SUPPLY AND WASTER WATER

ENGINEERING LAB REPORT

SUBMITTED TO:
SIR HAROON RASHEED
SUBMITTED BY:
WARDA JAVAID
2011-EN-41
TOPICS:
PUMPING WITH STORAGE
DIRECT PUMPING

UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY LAHORE

Table of Contents
1.0.

INTRODUCTION: ................................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.1

Sources of drinking water: ............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.2

Water purification facilities: .......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.3

Water storage facilities: ................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.4

Introduction to assigned Scheme: ................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.5

Purpose: ......................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.0.

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM: ..................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.6

Gravity Distribution: ....................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.7

Pumping without storage: ............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.8

Pumping with storage: ................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.0.

WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM COMPONENTS: ........................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.1

Water abstraction and raw water transfer (Collection work) ....... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.2

Transmission work ......................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.3

Water treatment (Treatment work) .............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.4

Water distribution network (Distribution work)............................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.0.

LAYOUT OF WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM: ..................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.1
5.0.

Tree System or Dead End System: ................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
DESIGN CRITERIA:............................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.1

Water Consumption: ...................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.1.1. Terms related to Water Consumption ......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.2

Average Daily Consumption: .......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.3

Maximum Daily Consumption: ...................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.4

Peak Hourly Consumption: ............................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.5

Ratios of water consumption used in Design ................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.6

Per Capital consumption of water ................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.7

Peak factor ..................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.8

Factors effecting water consumption ............................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.6.1. Standards of living........................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.6.2 Size of city ..................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.6.3 Population and demographics ...................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.6.4 Housing Stock ................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.6.5 Public Attitudes ............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.6.6 Regulations and policies................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.6.7 Water rate ..................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.6.8 Weather ........................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.6.9 Climate .......................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.6.10 Economy...................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.9

Pressure in distribution system ..................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.9.1 Minimum Residual Pressure: ........................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.10

Water Supply Pipes: ....................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.11

Length of pipes used in supply system .......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.12

Calculation of Nodal Demand ........................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

6.0.

DESIGN DATA: .................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

6.1

Design Period: ................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

6.2

Design Procedure: .......................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

6.3

Calculation of Population: .............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

6.4

CALCULATION FOR FUTURE POPULATION: .................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

7.0.

REFERENCES: ...................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

8.0.

ANEXURE: ........................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

STUDY AREA:
Nasheman Iqbal is our study area.

GEOGRAPHY OF LAHORE
Lying between 31153145 N and 74017439 E, Lahore is bounded on the
north and west by the Sheikhupura District, on the east by Wagah, and on the south
by Kasur District. The Ravi River flows on the northern side of Lahore. Lahore
city covers a total land area of 404 km and is still growing.
Lahore features a hot semi-arid climate with rainy, long and extremely hot
summers, dry and warm winters, a monsoon and dust storms. The weather of
Lahore is extreme during the months of May, June and July, when the temperatures
soar to 4048 C (104118 F). From late June till August, the monsoon seasons
starts, with heavy rainfall throughout the province.

Land area:
Estimated area of scheme is 15.32 acres.

Literature review:
Water supply system:
A water supply system or water supply network is a system of engineered
hydrologic and hydraulic components which provide water supply. The water
system includes:
A drainage basin (see water purification-sources of drinking water)
A raw water collection point (above or belowground) where the water
accumulates, such as a lake, a river, or a ground from an underground
aquifer. Raw water may be transferred using uncovered ground level
aqueducts, covered tunnels or underground water pipes to water purification
facilities.
Water purification facilities. Treated water is transferred using water pipes
(usually underground)

 Water storage facilities such as reservoirs, water tanks, or water towers.

Smaller water systems may store the water in cisterns or pressure vessels.
Tall buildings may also need to store water locally in pressure vessels in
order for the water to reach the upper floors
Additional water pressurizing components such as pumping stations may
need to be situated at the outlet of underground or above ground reservoirs
or cisterns (such as fire hydrants)
Connection to the sewers (underground pipes, or above ground ditches in
some developing countries) are generally found downstream of the water
consumers, but the sewer system is considered to be a separate system,
rather than part of the water supply system

Introduction:
The estimated area of our scheme is 18.66 Acre. Total area of our scheme consists of

Houses
Open spaces
Masjid
Commercial buildings

Related Theory:
Sources of water:
Life is possible on earth due to the presence of water. Nearly three-fourths of the
earth's surface is covered with water. Water is also found below the earth's surface.
It is present in air in the form of water vapour. About 70 per cent of the human
body is water. The bodies of all plants and animals contain water.
Rainwater, oceans, rivers, lakes, streams, ponds and springs are natural sources of
water. Dams, wells, tube wells, hand-pumps, canals, etc, are man-made sources of
water.

Rain Water:
Rain water collects on the earth in the form of surface water and underground
water

Surface Water:
Water present on the surface of the earth in the form of oceans, rivers, lakes, ponds
and streams is called surface water. The water in rivers and lakes comes from rain
and melting of snow on mountains. Rivers flow into the sea.

Underground Water:
Some of the rainwater seeps through the soil on to the non-porous rocks below.
This is underground water. Sometimes due to high pressure, this water sprouts out
in the form of springs. It can be obtained by digging wells, sinking tube wells, etc

Water Consumption:
Water is consumed for many purposes like

Domestic use
Commercial use
Public use
Fire demand

Domestic use:
Water furnished to residential places, used for cooking,bathingetc. Generally
50% is consumed under domestic use.

Commercial and industrial use:

Water furnished to commercial and industrial plants. It is expected that where
population is more than 25000. The water consumption is 15% of total.

Public use:
Water supplied to public buildings like schools, libraries, hospitals etc.

Fire demand:

The total volume of water consumes for other purposes and compares it with fire
demand, it will be negligible but at the time of fire, volume of water will be very
large.

Factors affecting Water consumption:

Climate
Size of the city
Pressure in water distribution system
Quality of water
Cost of water
Type of supply
Sewerage system
Standard of living
Metering

Components of Water Supply System:

Nodes
Pipes
Reservoir
Pump
Overhead tank

Node:
Imaginary points to join the pipes in a water supply scheme.
A pipe is installed between two nodes it provide connection

Pipe:
A tube of metal, plastic or other material used to convey water, gas, oil or other
fluid

Reservoir:
A natural or artificial place where water is collected and stored for use, especially

Water for supplying community, irrigating land, furnishing power etc

Overhead tank:
A water tank is a container for storing water, the need of a water tank is to provide
storage of water for drinking agriculture fire suppression etc

Pump:

Pump that increases the pressure within the distribution system and raises water
into an elevated storage tank.

METHODS OF DISTRIBUTUION
Methods There are 3 methods of distribution
Gravity flow
Pumping without storage
Pumping with storage
GRAVITY FLOW
This flow is possible only when the source of supply is located above the level of
the city.
PUMPING WITH STORAGE
It is possible when we provide some type of storage technique like over hand tank
(OHD) along with supply of water directly to the community. Stored water is then
used in the peak hour consumption or when if there is any electricity failure

PUMPING WITHOUT STORAGE

Simply direct pumping with no storage technique includes in this type of pumping

Pressure in Distribution system:

Minimum Residual Pressure should not be less than 14 m. MRP is designed based
on height.

Types of Water Supply System:

Continuous Supply:
In this system of supply water is supplied to the consumer whole day without a
break in the system. Advantage of this consumer system is that consumer does not
have to store water.

Intermittent Supply:
In this system water is supplied only during certain fixed hours of the day. The
disadvantage of this system is that consumer has to store water and during nonsupply hours pressure in the main falls below atmospheric pressure and creates a
partial vacuum in pipes

LAYOUT SYSTEMS
Water supply scheme can be designed using two layout systems

DEADEND SYSTEM
In this system area of cut off supply is more .if for replacement or any other
purpose water supply is to cut off whole supply is to cut off.

LOOP SYSTEM
In this system water supply system is made by dividing whole in number of
loops. Loop system is generally preferred. Area of cut off supply would be
less in such system when needed during emergencies purposes

PIPING SYSTEMS

There are 3 types of piping systems

1) PRIMARY OR ARTERIAL MAINS carry flow from the pumping
station to and from elevated storage tanks and to the various districts of the
city
2) SECONDARY MAINS- run from one primary main to another
3) TERTIARY MAINS- form a grid over an entire area supplying user and to
fire hydrants. They are connected to primary, secondary or other small mains
at both ends

Hydraulics of water distribution:

HAZEN-WILLIAM EQAUTION
The HazenWilliams equation is an empirical formula which relates the flow of
water in a pipe with the physical properties of the pipe and the pressure drop
caused by friction. It is used in the design of water pipe systems such as fire
sprinkler systems, water supply networks, and irrigation systems.

H = 1/10.68(Q/C)1.85L/(d)4.83

Pumping head for pumping with storage= losses in pipes+draw down+safty

factor+losses in pumps+depth of ground water table+height of OHT
Pumping head for direct pumping= = losses in pipes+draw down+safty
factor+losses in pumps+depth of ground water table

EPANET
EPANET is a computer program that performs extended period simulation of
hydraulic and water quality behavior within pressurized pipe networks. A network
consists of pipes, nodes (pipe junctions), pumps, valves and storage tanks or
reservoirs. EPANET tracks the flow of water in each pipe, the pressure at each
node, the height of water in each tank, and the concentration of a chemical species
throughout the network during a simulation period comprised of multiple time

steps. In addition to chemical species, water age and source tracing can also be
simulated.
EPANET is designed to be a research tool for improving our understanding of the
movement and fate of drinking water constituents within distribution systems. It
can be used for many different kinds of applications in distribution systems
analysis. Sampling program design, hydraulic model calibration, chlorine residual
analysis, and consumer exposure assessment are some examples.
METHODOLOGY
Before designing water supply scheme on EPA net firstly draw it on map
manually.
In our manual work we first divide our whole area in umber of plots and
calculate it
Then we assumed no of persons in each plot. Also assume their average
water demand per person
Assumed no of persons = 10
Average water demand per person = persons per plot x (300 + roll #)=
persons per plot x 340
Then we draw assembly including tank, reservoir pump and junctions.
Then we randomly add nodes/junctions around plots and assign each node
some no of plots. Join near junction with assembly
Then we join nodes by pipes to get a piping network.
Measure the lengths of pipes.
Then calculate base demand at each node be the formula (persons per plot x
340)
Now start designing water supply on EPA.net
Steps in Using EPANET

Draw a network representation of your distribution system

Edit the properties of the objects that make up the system
Describe how the system is operated
Select a set of analysis options
Run a hydraulic/water quality analysis

It will give the message that your run is successful.

View the results of the analysis

If the pressure is out of range then change the diameter values of pipes to
bring it in range

Design Criteria used in the Project:

Design period:
We have designed the water supply scheme of this project for 20 years
Population estimation and per capita consumption:
Total plots= 935
Population per plot= 8
Total estimated population=7480
Per capita water consumtion=341 lpcd
Average water consumtion= 2550680 lps

Maximum water consumption

= 25506801.5
=3826020 lps

Peak hourly Consumption

= 25506802.5
=5739030 lps

Design Flow:
Design flow for direct pumping= 67.51 lps
Design flow for pumping with storage= 30.005 lps

Design velocity:
In direct pumping velocity= 0.00-0.98 m/s
In pumping with storage velocity= 0.00-0.98 m/s
CALCULATIONS
A. PUMPING WITH STORAGE
Total average daily flow = QAVG = 30.005 Lit/sec
QMAX = QAVG = 30.005 lit/sec
QMAX(cfs) = (30.005 1000) (3.281)3 =1.05 cfs
FLOW = 30.005 lps
HL = 10.68 (Q/c)1.85 (L/d4.87) = 10.68 (0.0300/120)1.85 (60/0.34.87) = 0.049
Head(m) =0.049 + 3.65 + 3.048 + 3.048 + 60 = 69.79 m
TANKS DIAMETER

QAVG = V/t
V = Qavg t
Volume(lit) = 0.0300 (1/6) 86400 (12/24) = 216.036 m 3
Volume in gallons = 216.036 = 57033.50 gallons

DIAMETER
As by the formula

V = r2 h
216.036 = 3.14 r2 3.048
R = 4.7 m
Dia of tank = D = 2R = 2 4.7 = 9.5 m
Pump
Brake horse power = ( H Q ) / ( Ep 550 )
= ( 62.4 229 1.05 ) / ( 0.60 550 ) = 45.68 hp
Pipes lengths
Pipe length in feet = total length in meters 3.281
Dia 150 mm 2203 3.28 = 7225.84 ft
Dia 100 mm 900 3.281 = 2952 ft
Dia 75 mm 901 3.281 = 2955.28 ft

COST:
Cost for storage
Cost of storage per gallons capacity = 215 Rs
Cost of storage for 5703.50 gallons = 215 5703.50
= 12.26 millions
Cost for pump
Cost for 200 hp = 2 millions dolars
Cost for 1 hp = 10,000 dolars
Cost for 45.68 hp =82.87 millions rupees
Cost of pipes
Dia 150 mm 7225.82ft 810/ft = 5.8 millions

Dia 100 mm 2952 ft 553 /ft = 1.6 millions

Dia 75 mm 2955.28 ft 404/ft = 1.19 millions
Total cost = 12.26 + 82.87 + 5.8 + 1.6 + 1.19 = 103.7 millions

B. PUMPING WITHOUT STORAGE

Total average daily flow = QAVG = 30.005 Lit/sec
QMAX = QAVG 2.25 = 67.51 lit/sec
QMAX(cfs) = (67.51 1000) (3.281)3 =2.38 cfs
FLOW = 30.005 lps
HL = 10.68 (Q/c)1.85 (L/d4.87) = 10.68 (0.0300/120)1.85 (4004/0.34.87) = 2.95
Head(m) =2.95 + 3.65 + 3.048 + 3.048 + 40 = 53.01 m
Due to pressure problem I use my head 65.94 m instead of 53.01 m.
Pump
Brake horse power = ( H Q ) / ( Ep 550 )
= ( 62.4 173.91 2.36 ) / ( 0.60 550 ) = 77.60 hp
Pipes lengths
Pipe length in feet = total length in meters 3.281
Dia 150 mm 2203 3.28 = 7225.84 ft
Dia 100 mm 900 3.281 = 2952 ft
Dia 75 mm 901 3.281 = 2955.28 ft

COST:
Cost for pump
Cost for 200 hp = 2 millions dolars
Cost for 1 hp = 10,000 dolars
Cost for 77.60 hp=48.78 millions rupees

Cost of pipes
Dia 150 mm 7225.82ft 810/ft = 5.8 millions
Dia 100 mm 2952 ft 553 /ft = 1.6 millions
Dia 75 mm 2955.28 ft 404/ft = 1.19 millions
Total cost = 48.78 + 5.87+ 1.6 + 1.19 = 57.44 millions

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Hydraulic and Water Quality
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Analysis for Pipe Networks
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Input File: indirect2.NET

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Node
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JU3
JU2
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JU2
JU5
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JU4
JU5
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JU5
JU6
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JU6
JU7
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JU7
JU8
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JU8
JU9
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JU8
JU11
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JU11
JU10
10
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JU11
JU12
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JU12
JU13
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JU13
JU14
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JU16
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JU16
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JU16
JU18
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JU18
JU17
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26
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JU38
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JU24
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JU25
300
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JU31
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JU50
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JU51
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JU51
JU52
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JU52
JU47
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JU47
JU48
17
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JU48
JU123
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JU31
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JU60
JU61
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JU62
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JU45
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JU45
JU120
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150
PI74
JU120
JU57
18
150
PI75
JU57
JU59
15
150
PI76
JU59
JU58
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JU58
JU45
18
150
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JU58
JU44
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150
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JU60
JU64
23
150
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JU64
JU65
3
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JU65
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JU57
JU56
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JU56
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JU53
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JU52

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End
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Node
m
mm
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JU54
47
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JU91
JU90
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JU90
JU89
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100
PI90
JU89
JU88
12
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JU88
JU87
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JU87
JU56
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JU87
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100
PI96
JU67
JU68
17
150
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JU68
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23
150
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JU64
JU66
14
150
PI99
JU68
JU69
5
150
PI100
JU69
JU72
14
150
PI101
JU72
JU73
3
150
PI102
JU73
JU74
10
150
PI103
JU74
JU75
10
150
PI104
JU74
JU76
8
150
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JU76
JU78
16
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JU78
JU79
34
150
PI107
JU79
JU80
20
150
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JU74
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46
100
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JU70
40
100
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JU70
JU71
22
100
PI111
JU70
JU77
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100
PI112
JU77
JU121
13
100
PI113
JU121
JU83
10
100
PI114
JU83
JU82
21
100
PI115
JU82
JU78
28
100
PI116
JU82
JU81
48
150
PI117
JU81
JU79
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100
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JU81
JU85
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100
PI119
JU83
JU84
25
100
PI120
JU84
JU85
37
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JU84
JU98
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100
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JU98
JU99
28
100
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JU93
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JU93
JU94
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100
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JU94
JU70
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100
PI126
JU94
JU95
27
100
PI127
JU95
JU96
23
100
PI128
JU96
JU77
24
100
PI129
JU95
JU100
12
100
PI130
JU96
JU97
12
100
PI131
JU97
JU121
24
100
PI132
JU97
JU100
23
150

PI133

JU100

JU101

10

100

Page 4
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End
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ID
Node
Node
m
mm
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JU101
JU102
25
100
PI135
JU102
JU98
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150
PI136
JU102
JU103
22
100
PI137
JU103
JU104
5
100
PI138
JU88
JU92
28
150
PI139
JU92
JU93
22
100
PI140
JU93
JU111
46
75
PI141
JU94
JU112
46
75
PI142
JU55
JU86
12
150
PI143
JU91
JU105
64
75
PI144
JU105
JU106
12
75
PI145
JU106
JU107
82
75
PI146
JU106
JU109
21
75
PI147
JU109
JU108
22
150
PI148
JU108
JU90
57
75
PI149
JU108
JU110
21
75
PI150
JU110
JU92
46
75
PI151
JU110
JU111
22
75
PI152
JU111
JU112
23
75
PI153
JU112
JU113
25
75
PI154
JU113
JU95
46
75
PI155
JU113
JU115
26
75
PI156
JU115
JU114
24
75
PI157
JU114
JU101
24
75
PI158
JU114
JU116
48
75
PI159
JU116
JU103
24
75
PI160
JU116
JU117
24
75
PI161
JU117
JU115
45
75
PI162
JU113
JU119
25
150
PI163
JU119
JU118
72
75
PI164
JU118
JU117
24
75
PI165
JU109
JU119
90
75
PI166
JU97
JU98
36
100
PI23
TA1
JU5
7
150
PI27
TA1
JU5
1000
150
PU1
RE1
TA1
#N/A
#N/A Pump
Page 5
Energy Usage:
---------------------------------------------------------------------Usage
Avg.
Kw-hr
Avg.
Peak
Cost
Pump
Factor Effic.
/m3
Kw
Kw
/day
---------------------------------------------------------------------PU1
100.00 60.00
0.28
35.11
35.11 16853.61
---------------------------------------------------------------------Demand Charge:
0.00

Total Cost:

16853.61

Node Results:
---------------------------------------------------------------------Node
Demand
Head Pressure
Quality
ID
LPS
m
m
---------------------------------------------------------------------JU1
0.57
273.37
21.37
0.00
JU2
0.41
273.37
21.37
0.00
JU3
0.19
273.37
21.37
0.00
JU4
0.41
273.47
21.47
0.00
JU5
0.38
273.47
21.47
0.00
JU6
0.00
273.21
21.21
0.00
JU7
0.13
273.17
21.17
0.00
JU8
0.09
273.16
21.16
0.00
JU9
0.06
273.16
21.16
0.00
JU10
0.03
273.15
21.15
0.00
JU11
0.00
273.15
21.15
0.00
JU12
0.13
273.15
21.15
0.00
JU13
0.25
273.14
21.14
0.00
JU14
0.13
273.14
21.14
0.00
JU15
0.19
273.14
21.14
0.00
JU16
0.16
273.15
21.15
0.00
JU17
0.16
273.14
21.14
0.00
JU18
0.13
273.14
21.14
0.00
JU20
0.16
273.12
21.12
0.00
JU21
0.13
273.11
21.11
0.00
JU22
0.16
273.11
21.11
0.00
JU24
0.38
273.20
21.20
0.00
JU25
0.28
273.11
21.11
0.00
JU26
0.47
273.11
21.11
0.00
JU27
0.57
273.11
21.11
0.00
JU28
0.35
273.13
21.13
0.00
JU29
0.16
273.11
21.11
0.00
JU30
0.28
273.11
21.11
0.00
JU31
0.22
273.10
21.10
0.00
JU32
0.13
273.16
21.16
0.00
JU34
0.16
273.07
21.07
0.00
JU35
0.28
273.07
21.07
0.00
JU36
0.47
273.04
21.04
0.00
JU37
0.35
273.05
21.05
0.00
JU38
0.92
273.04
21.04
0.00
JU39
0.13
273.03
21.03
0.00
JU40
0.13
273.02
21.02
0.00
Page 6
Node Results: (continued)
---------------------------------------------------------------------Node
Demand
Head Pressure
Quality
ID
LPS
m
m
---------------------------------------------------------------------JU41
0.13
273.02
21.02
0.00
JU42
0.19
273.03
21.03
0.00
JU43
0.19
273.04
21.04
0.00

JU44
JU45
JU46
JU47
JU48
JU49
JU50
JU51
JU52
JU53
JU54
JU55
JU56
JU57
JU58
JU59
JU60
JU61
JU62
JU63
JU64
JU65
JU66
JU67
JU68
JU69
JU70
JU71
JU72
JU73
JU74
JU75
JU76
JU77
JU78
JU79
JU80
JU81
JU82
JU83
JU84
JU85
JU86
JU87

0.32
0.22
0.25
0.28
0.16
0.00
0.00
0.22
0.25
0.25
0.22
0.54
0.09
0.16
0.00
0.16
0.22
0.32
0.19
0.13
0.13
0.35
0.16
0.13
0.25
0.19
0.25
0.41
0.25
0.25
0.28
0.32
0.32
0.25
0.22
0.00
0.35
0.28
0.25
0.22
0.22
0.32
0.35
0.16

273.03
273.05
273.06
273.09
273.10
273.10
273.10
273.09
273.09
273.06
273.05
273.05
273.04
273.04
273.04
273.04
273.03
273.03
273.03
273.02
273.02
273.03
273.01
272.99
272.99
272.98
272.93
272.95
272.97
272.96
272.95
272.95
272.95
272.90
272.89
272.89
272.89
272.89
272.89
272.89
272.88
272.88
273.05
272.95

21.03
21.05
21.06
21.09
21.10
21.10
21.10
21.09
21.09
21.06
21.05
21.05
21.04
21.04
21.04
21.04
21.03
21.03
21.03
21.02
21.02
21.03
21.01
20.99
20.99
20.98
20.93
20.95
20.97
20.96
20.95
20.95
20.95
20.90
20.89
20.89
20.89
20.89
20.89
20.89
20.88
20.88
21.05
20.95

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

Page 7
Node Results: (continued)
---------------------------------------------------------------------Node
Demand
Head Pressure
Quality
ID
LPS
m
m
---------------------------------------------------------------------JU88
0.38
272.90
20.90
0.00
JU89
0.13
272.88
20.88
0.00
JU90
0.28
272.87
20.87
0.00

JU91
JU92
JU93
JU94
JU95
JU96
JU97
JU98
JU99
JU100
JU101
JU102
JU103
JU104
JU105
JU106
JU107
JU108
JU109
JU110
JU111
JU112
JU113
JU114
JU115
JU116
JU117
JU118
JU119
JU120
JU121
JU19
JU122
JU123
RE1
TA1

0.35
0.51
0.51
0.25
0.25
0.00
0.00
0.16
0.19
0.25
0.25
0.19
0.28
0.13
0.32
0.47
0.00
0.35
0.41
0.32
0.32
0.25
0.38
0.22
0.22
0.25
0.09
0.38
0.51
0.22
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-34.88
6.56

272.86
272.89
272.89
272.89
272.88
272.89
272.88
272.88
272.88
272.88
272.88
272.88
272.87
272.87
272.84
272.84
272.84
272.85
272.85
272.86
272.86
272.86
272.85
272.86
272.85
272.86
272.85
272.85
272.85
273.05
272.89
273.14
273.10
273.12
212.00
273.62

20.86
20.89
20.89
20.89
20.88
20.89
20.88
20.88
20.88
20.88
20.88
20.88
20.87
20.87
20.84
20.84
20.84
20.85
20.85
20.86
20.86
20.86
20.85
20.86
20.85
20.86
20.85
20.85
20.85
21.05
20.89
21.14
21.10
21.12
0.00
1.62

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00 Reservoir
0.00 Tank

Page 8
Link Results:
---------------------------------------------------------------------Link
Flow VelocityUnit Headloss
Status
ID
LPS
m/s
m/km
---------------------------------------------------------------------PI1
-0.57
0.03
0.02
Open
PI2
-0.19
0.01
0.00
Open
PI3
-10.19
0.58
4.45
Open
PI4
-0.41
0.02
0.01
Open
PI5
17.33
0.98
11.90
Open
PI6
6.84
0.39
2.13
Open
PI7
2.53
0.14
0.34
Open
PI8
0.06
0.00
0.00
Open
PI9
2.37
0.13
0.30
Open
PI10
0.03
0.01
0.00
Open
PI11
2.34
0.13
0.29
Open

PI12
PI13
PI14
PI15
PI16
PI17
PI18
PI19
PI20
PI21
PI22
PI24
PI25
PI26
PI28
PI29
PI30
PI31
PI32
PI33
PI34
PI35
PI36
PI37
PI38
PI39
PI40
PI41
PI42
PI43
PI44
PI45
PI46
PI47
PI48
PI49

2.65
0.13
0.19
4.19
0.44
3.59
2.04
-2.09
3.97
3.81
0.16
10.49
1.42
-4.24
3.53
5.65
4.19
3.84
4.49
2.61
2.29
0.13
-0.19
1.56
9.02
2.36
2.35
0.57
6.28
6.13
-2.21
3.73
-0.27
-0.43
3.02
2.81

0.15
0.03
0.01
0.24
0.03
0.20
0.12
0.12
0.22
0.22
0.01
0.59
0.08
0.24
0.20
0.32
0.24
0.22
0.25
0.15
0.13
0.01
0.01
0.09
0.74
0.13
0.13
0.03
0.36
0.35
0.12
0.21
0.02
0.02
0.17
0.16

0.37
0.04
0.00
0.86
0.01
0.64
0.23
0.24
0.78
0.72
0.00
4.70
0.12
0.88
0.62
1.50
0.86
0.73
0.98
0.36
0.28
0.00
0.00
0.14
8.64
0.30
0.29
0.02
1.82
1.74
0.26
0.69
0.01
0.01
0.47
0.41

Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open

Page 9
Link Results: (continued)
---------------------------------------------------------------------Link
Flow VelocityUnit Headloss
Status
ID
LPS
m/s
m/km
---------------------------------------------------------------------PI50
2.81
0.16
0.41
Open
PI51
2.81
0.16
0.41
Open
PI52
2.58
0.15
0.35
Open
PI53
-0.98
0.06
0.06
Open
PI54
-4.52
0.26
0.99
Open
PI55
-3.38
0.19
0.58
Open
PI56
1.30
0.07
0.10
Open
PI57
1.31
0.07
0.10
Open
PI58
4.96
0.28
1.17
Open
PI59
2.71
0.15
0.38
Open
PI60
-5.00
0.28
1.19
Open

PI61
PI62
PI63
PI64
PI65
PI66
PI67
PI68
PI69
PI70
PI71
PI72
PI73
PI74
PI75
PI76
PI77
PI78
PI79
PI80
PI81
PI82
PI83
PI84
PI85
PI86
PI87
PI88
PI89
PI90
PI91
PI92
PI93
PI94
PI95
PI96

4.29
2.26
2.07
3.56
1.57
-1.69
2.95
-2.04
3.26
-2.09
3.87
-3.13
3.27
3.05
2.14
-1.69
-3.50
1.81
1.77
-3.33
-3.67
0.75
-3.18
-4.29
-1.23
3.31
-0.88
-0.76
-1.49
-1.62
-2.96
-3.84
0.72
-2.69
2.13
2.00

0.24
0.13
0.12
0.20
0.09
0.10
0.17
0.12
0.18
0.12
0.22
0.18
0.18
0.17
0.12
0.10
0.20
0.10
0.10
0.19
0.21
0.04
0.18
0.24
0.07
0.19
0.05
0.10
0.19
0.21
0.38
0.49
0.09
0.34
0.27
0.11

0.90
0.27
0.23
0.64
0.14
0.16
0.45
0.23
0.54
0.24
0.74
0.50
0.54
0.48
0.25
0.16
0.62
0.18
0.17
0.56
0.67
0.04
0.52
0.90
0.09
0.55
0.05
0.26
0.91
1.06
3.26
5.26
0.23
2.72
1.76
0.22

Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open

Page 10
Link Results: (continued)
---------------------------------------------------------------------Link
Flow VelocityUnit Headloss
Status
ID
LPS
m/s
m/km
---------------------------------------------------------------------PI97
-4.86
0.27
1.13
Open
PI98
4.97
0.28
1.18
Open
PI99
6.60
0.37
1.99
Open
PI100
4.62
0.26
1.03
Open
PI101
4.36
0.25
0.92
Open
PI102
4.11
0.23
0.83
Open
PI103
0.32
0.02
0.01
Open
PI104
1.86
0.11
0.19
Open
PI105
1.55
0.35
3.96
Open
PI106
0.80
0.05
0.04
Open
PI107
0.35
0.02
0.01
Open

PI108
PI109
PI110
PI111
PI112
PI113
PI114
PI115
PI116
PI117
PI118
PI119
PI120
PI121
PI122
PI123
PI124
PI125
PI126
PI127
PI128
PI129
PI130
PI131
PI132
PI133
PI134
PI135
PI136
PI137
PI138
PI139
PI140
PI141
PI142
PI143

1.65
1.80
-1.35
1.55
1.65
0.92
0.06
-0.53
0.34
-0.45
0.51
0.63
-0.19
0.60
0.19
1.64
0.35
-1.35
0.84
-0.52
-1.30
0.49
0.78
-0.73
0.90
1.14
0.23
-0.86
0.91
0.13
0.97
-0.17
0.62
0.61
0.35
0.41

0.21
0.23
0.17
0.20
0.21
0.12
0.01
0.07
0.02
0.06
0.06
0.08
0.02
0.08
0.02
0.21
0.04
0.17
0.11
0.07
0.17
0.06
0.10
0.09
0.05
0.14
0.03
0.05
0.12
0.02
0.05
0.02
0.14
0.14
0.02
0.09

1.10
1.29
0.76
0.98
1.10
0.37
0.00
0.13
0.01
0.10
0.12
0.19
0.02
0.17
0.02
1.09
0.06
0.76
0.32
0.13
0.70
0.12
0.27
0.24
0.05
0.55
0.03
0.05
0.36
0.01
0.06
0.02
0.72
0.70
0.01
0.35

Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open

Page 11
Link Results: (continued)
---------------------------------------------------------------------Link
Flow VelocityUnit Headloss
Status
ID
LPS
m/s
m/km
---------------------------------------------------------------------PI144
0.10
0.02
0.02
Open
PI145
0.00
0.00
0.00
Open
PI146
-0.37
0.08
0.29
Open
PI147
-0.64
0.04
0.03
Open
PI148
-0.44
0.10
0.39
Open
PI149
-0.54
0.12
0.57
Open
PI150
-0.64
0.14
0.77
Open
PI151
-0.22
0.05
0.11
Open
PI152
0.08
0.02
0.02
Open
PI153
0.43
0.10
0.37
Open
PI154
-0.61
0.14
0.72
Open

PI155
PI156
PI157
PI158
PI159
PI160
PI161
PI162
PI163
PI164
PI165
PI166
PI23
PI27
PU1

-0.10
-0.35
-0.65
0.08
-0.50
0.33
-0.03
0.76
0.11
-0.27
-0.14
0.61
23.61
4.71
34.88

0.02
0.08
0.15
0.02
0.11
0.07
0.01
0.04
0.03
0.06
0.03
0.08
1.34
0.12
0.00

0.02
0.25
0.81
0.02
0.48
0.22
0.00
0.04
0.03
0.15
0.05
0.18
21.10
0.15
-61.62

Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open Pump

Page 1
11/1/2013 1:24:59 AM
**********************************************************************
*
E P A N E T
*
*
Hydraulic and Water Quality
*
*
Analysis for Pipe Networks
*
*
Version 2.0
*
**********************************************************************
Input File: direct2.NET

Link - Node Table:

---------------------------------------------------------------------Link
Start
End
Length Diameter
ID
Node
Node
m
mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------PI1
JU1
JU2
70
150
PI2
JU3
JU2
32
150
PI3
JU2
JU5
22
150
PI4
JU4
JU5
70
150
PI5
JU5
JU6
22
150
PI6
JU6
JU7
20
150
PI7
JU7
JU8
33
150
PI8
JU8
JU9
15
150
PI9
JU8
JU11
17
150
PI10
JU11
JU10
10
75
PI11
JU11
JU12
5
150
PI12
JU12
JU13
18
150
PI13
JU13
JU14
9
75
PI14
JU13
JU15
30
150
PI15
JU7
JU16
20
150
PI16
JU16
JU12
35
150
PI17
JU16
JU18
17
150
PI18
JU18
JU17
10
150
PI19
JU17
JU13
26
150
PI20
JU17
JU20
26
150
PI21
JU20
JU21
11
150
PI22
JU21
JU22
20
150
PI24
JU6
JU32
10
150
PI25
JU18
JU19
22
150
PI26
JU19
JU32
30
150
PI28
JU21
JU122
20
150
PI29
JU19
JU122
27
150
PI30
JU122
JU37
50
150
PI31
JU37
JU38
22
150
PI32
JU38
JU62
7
150
PI33
JU62
JU39
10
150
PI34
JU39
JU41
13
150
PI35
JU41
JU40
20
150
PI36
JU42
JU39
22
150
PI37
JU36
JU38
17
150

PI38
JU2
JU24
20
125
PI39
JU24
JU25
300
150
Page 2
Link - Node Table: (continued)
---------------------------------------------------------------------Link
Start
End
Length Diameter
ID
Node
Node
m
mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------PI40
JU25
JU26
10
150
PI41
JU26
JU27
12
150
PI42
JU24
JU28
42
150
PI43
JU32
JU123
25
150
PI44
JU123
JU28
20
150
PI45
JU28
JU30
18
150
PI46
JU25
JU29
20
150
PI47
JU29
JU30
25
150
PI48
JU30
JU31
18
150
PI49
JU31
JU49
5
150
PI50
JU49
JU50
17
150
PI51
JU50
JU51
15
150
PI52
JU51
JU52
12
150
PI53
JU52
JU47
15
150
PI54
JU47
JU48
17
150
PI55
JU48
JU123
30
150
PI56
JU31
JU48
17
150
PI57
JU26
JU31
51
150
PI58
JU123
JU34
40
150
PI59
JU34
JU35
16
150
PI60
JU35
JU122
25
150
PI61
JU35
JU36
30
150
PI62
JU36
JU43
6
150
PI63
JU43
JU44
17
150
PI64
JU44
JU60
10
150
PI65
JU60
JU61
18
150
PI66
JU61
JU62
33
150
PI67
JU61
JU63
22
150
PI68
JU63
JU41
35
150
PI69
JU47
JU46
40
150
PI70
JU46
JU34
37
150
PI71
JU46
JU45
18
150
PI72
JU45
JU35
32
150
PI73
JU45
JU120
4
150
PI74
JU120
JU57
18
150
PI75
JU57
JU59
15
150
PI76
JU59
JU58
21
150
PI77
JU58
JU45
18
150
PI78
JU58
JU44
30
150
PI79
JU60
JU64
23
150
PI80
JU64
JU65
3
150
PI81
JU65
JU59
16
150
PI82
JU57
JU56
13
150
PI83
JU56
JU54
15
150
PI84
JU54
JU53
17
150
PI85
JU53
JU46
17
150

PI86

JU52

JU53

40

150

Page 3
Link - Node Table: (continued)
---------------------------------------------------------------------Link
Start
End
Length Diameter
ID
Node
Node
m
mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------PI87
JU55
JU54
47
150
PI88
JU91
JU90
25
100
PI89
JU90
JU89
15
100
PI90
JU89
JU88
12
100
PI91
JU88
JU87
17
100
PI92
JU87
JU56
17
100
PI93
JU87
JU71
23
100
PI94
JU71
JU66
23
100
PI95
JU66
JU67
8
100
PI96
JU67
JU68
17
150
PI97
JU68
JU63
23
150
PI98
JU64
JU66
14
150
PI99
JU68
JU69
5
150
PI100
JU69
JU72
14
150
PI101
JU72
JU73
3
150
PI102
JU73
JU74
10
150
PI103
JU74
JU75
10
150
PI104
JU74
JU76
8
150
PI105
JU76
JU78
16
75
PI106
JU78
JU79
34
150
PI107
JU79
JU80
20
150
PI108
JU74
JU77
46
100
PI109
JU69
JU70
40
100
PI110
JU70
JU71
22
100
PI111
JU70
JU77
25
100
PI112
JU77
JU121
13
100
PI113
JU121
JU83
10
100
PI114
JU83
JU82
21
100
PI115
JU82
JU78
28
100
PI116
JU82
JU81
48
150
PI117
JU81
JU79
28
100
PI118
JU81
JU85
28
100
PI119
JU83
JU84
25
100
PI120
JU84
JU85
37
100
PI121
JU84
JU98
23
100
PI122
JU98
JU99
28
100
PI123
JU71
JU93
47
100
PI124
JU93
JU94
23
100
PI125
JU94
JU70
47
100
PI126
JU94
JU95
27
100
PI127
JU95
JU96
23
100
PI128
JU96
JU77
24
100
PI129
JU95
JU100
12
100
PI130
JU96
JU97
12
100

PI131
PI132
PI133

JU97
JU97
JU100

JU121
JU100
JU101

24
23
10

100
150
100

Page 4
Link - Node Table: (continued)
---------------------------------------------------------------------Link
Start
End
Length Diameter
ID
Node
Node
m
mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------PI134
JU101
JU102
25
100
PI135
JU102
JU98
23
150
PI136
JU102
JU103
22
100
PI137
JU103
JU104
5
100
PI138
JU88
JU92
28
150
PI139
JU92
JU93
22
100
PI140
JU93
JU111
46
75
PI141
JU94
JU112
46
75
PI142
JU55
JU86
12
150
PI143
JU91
JU105
64
75
PI144
JU105
JU106
12
75
PI145
JU106
JU107
82
75
PI146
JU106
JU109
21
75
PI147
JU109
JU108
22
150
PI148
JU108
JU90
57
75
PI149
JU108
JU110
21
75
PI150
JU110
JU92
46
75
PI151
JU110
JU111
22
75
PI152
JU111
JU112
23
75
PI153
JU112
JU113
25
75
PI154
JU113
JU95
46
75
PI155
JU113
JU115
26
75
PI156
JU115
JU114
24
75
PI157
JU114
JU101
24
75
PI158
JU114
JU116
48
75
PI159
JU116
JU103
24
75
PI160
JU116
JU117
24
75
PI161
JU117
JU115
45
75
PI162
JU113
JU119
25
150
PI163
JU119
JU118
72
75
PI164
JU118
JU117
24
75
PI165
JU109
JU119
90
75
PI166
JU97
JU98
36
100
PU1
RE1
JU5
#N/A
#N/A Pump
Energy Usage:
---------------------------------------------------------------------Usage
Avg.
Kw-hr
Avg.
Peak
Cost
Pump
Factor Effic.
/m3
Kw
Kw
/day
---------------------------------------------------------------------PU1
100.00 60.00
0.38
38.88
38.88 18663.55
----------------------------------------------------------------------

Demand Charge:
Total Cost:

0.00
18663.55

Page 5
Node Results:
---------------------------------------------------------------------Node
Demand
Head Pressure
Quality
ID
LPS
m
m
---------------------------------------------------------------------JU1
0.57
295.95
43.95
0.00
JU2
0.41
295.96
43.96
0.00
JU3
0.19
295.96
43.96
0.00
JU4
0.41
296.05
44.05
0.00
JU5
0.38
296.05
44.05
0.00
JU6
0.00
295.79
43.79
0.00
JU7
0.13
295.75
43.75
0.00
JU8
0.09
295.74
43.74
0.00
JU9
0.06
295.74
43.74
0.00
JU10
0.03
295.73
43.73
0.00
JU11
0.00
295.73
43.73
0.00
JU12
0.13
295.73
43.73
0.00
JU13
0.25
295.72
43.72
0.00
JU14
0.13
295.72
43.72
0.00
JU15
0.19
295.72
43.72
0.00
JU16
0.16
295.73
43.73
0.00
JU17
0.16
295.72
43.72
0.00
JU18
0.13
295.72
43.72
0.00
JU20
0.16
295.70
43.70
0.00
JU21
0.13
295.69
43.69
0.00
JU22
0.16
295.69
43.69
0.00
JU24
0.38
295.78
43.78
0.00
JU25
0.28
295.69
43.69
0.00
JU26
0.47
295.69
43.69
0.00
JU27
0.57
295.69
43.69
0.00
JU28
0.35
295.71
43.71
0.00
JU29
0.16
295.69
43.69
0.00
JU30
0.28
295.69
43.69
0.00
JU31
0.22
295.69
43.69
0.00
JU32
0.13
295.74
43.74
0.00
JU34
0.16
295.65
43.65
0.00
JU35
0.28
295.65
43.65
0.00
JU36
0.47
295.62
43.62
0.00
JU37
0.35
295.64
43.64
0.00
JU38
0.92
295.62
43.62
0.00
JU39
0.13
295.61
43.61
0.00
JU40
0.13
295.61
43.61
0.00
JU41
0.13
295.61
43.61
0.00
JU42
0.19
295.61
43.61
0.00
JU43
0.19
295.62
43.62
0.00
JU44
0.32
295.62
43.62
0.00
JU45
0.22
295.63
43.63
0.00

JU46
JU47
JU48
JU49
JU50

0.25
0.28
0.16
0.00
0.00

295.65
295.67
295.68
295.68
295.68

43.65
43.67
43.68
43.68
43.68

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

Page 6
Node Results: (continued)
---------------------------------------------------------------------Node
Demand
Head Pressure
Quality
ID
LPS
m
m
---------------------------------------------------------------------JU51
0.22
295.67
43.67
0.00
JU52
0.25
295.67
43.67
0.00
JU53
0.25
295.64
43.64
0.00
JU54
0.22
295.63
43.63
0.00
JU55
0.54
295.63
43.63
0.00
JU56
0.09
295.62
43.62
0.00
JU57
0.16
295.62
43.62
0.00
JU58
0.00
295.62
43.62
0.00
JU59
0.16
295.62
43.62
0.00
JU60
0.22
295.61
43.61
0.00
JU61
0.32
295.61
43.61
0.00
JU62
0.19
295.61
43.61
0.00
JU63
0.13
295.60
43.60
0.00
JU64
0.13
295.61
43.61
0.00
JU65
0.35
295.61
43.61
0.00
JU66
0.16
295.59
43.59
0.00
JU67
0.13
295.58
43.58
0.00
JU68
0.25
295.57
43.57
0.00
JU69
0.19
295.56
43.56
0.00
JU70
0.25
295.51
43.51
0.00
JU71
0.41
295.53
43.53
0.00
JU72
0.25
295.55
43.55
0.00
JU73
0.25
295.54
43.54
0.00
JU74
0.28
295.54
43.54
0.00
JU75
0.32
295.54
43.54
0.00
JU76
0.32
295.53
43.53
0.00
JU77
0.25
295.49
43.49
0.00
JU78
0.22
295.47
43.47
0.00
JU79
0.00
295.47
43.47
0.00
JU80
0.35
295.47
43.47
0.00
JU81
0.28
295.47
43.47
0.00
JU82
0.25
295.47
43.47
0.00
JU83
0.22
295.47
43.47
0.00
JU84
0.22
295.46
43.46
0.00
JU85
0.32
295.46
43.46
0.00
JU86
0.35
295.63
43.63
0.00
JU87
0.16
295.53
43.53
0.00
JU88
0.38
295.48
43.48
0.00
JU89
0.13
295.46
43.46
0.00
JU90
0.28
295.45
43.45
0.00

JU91
JU92
JU93
JU94
JU95
JU96
JU97

0.35
0.51
0.51
0.25
0.25
0.00
0.00

295.44
295.47
295.48
295.47
295.47
295.47
295.47

43.44
43.47
43.48
43.47
43.47
43.47
43.47

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

Page 7
Node Results: (continued)
---------------------------------------------------------------------Node
Demand
Head Pressure
Quality
ID
LPS
m
m
---------------------------------------------------------------------JU98
0.16
295.46
43.46
0.00
JU99
0.19
295.46
43.46
0.00
JU100
0.25
295.46
43.46
0.00
JU101
0.25
295.46
43.46
0.00
JU102
0.19
295.46
43.46
0.00
JU103
0.28
295.45
43.45
0.00
JU104
0.13
295.45
43.45
0.00
JU105
0.32
295.42
43.42
0.00
JU106
0.47
295.42
43.42
0.00
JU107
0.00
295.42
43.42
0.00
JU108
0.35
295.43
43.43
0.00
JU109
0.41
295.43
43.43
0.00
JU110
0.32
295.44
43.44
0.00
JU111
0.32
295.44
43.44
0.00
JU112
0.25
295.44
43.44
0.00
JU113
0.38
295.43
43.43
0.00
JU114
0.22
295.44
43.44
0.00
JU115
0.22
295.43
43.43
0.00
JU116
0.25
295.44
43.44
0.00
JU117
0.09
295.43
43.43
0.00
JU118
0.38
295.43
43.43
0.00
JU119
0.51
295.43
43.43
0.00
JU120
0.22
295.63
43.63
0.00
JU121
0.00
295.47
43.47
0.00
JU19
0.00
295.72
43.72
0.00
JU122
0.00
295.68
43.68
0.00
JU123
0.00
295.70
43.70
0.00
RE1
-28.32
212.00
0.00
0.00 Reservoir
Link Results:
---------------------------------------------------------------------Link
Flow VelocityUnit Headloss
Status
ID
LPS
m/s
m/km
---------------------------------------------------------------------PI1
-0.57
0.03
0.02
Open
PI2
-0.19
0.01
0.00
Open
PI3
-10.19
0.58
4.45
Open
PI4
-0.41
0.02
0.01
Open

PI5
PI6
PI7
PI8
PI9
PI10
PI11
PI12
PI13

17.33
6.84
2.53
0.06
2.37
0.03
2.34
2.65
0.13

0.98
0.39
0.14
0.00
0.13
0.01
0.13
0.15
0.03

11.90
2.13
0.34
0.00
0.30
0.00
0.29
0.37
0.04

Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open

Page 8
Link Results: (continued)
---------------------------------------------------------------------Link
Flow VelocityUnit Headloss
Status
ID
LPS
m/s
m/km
---------------------------------------------------------------------PI14
0.19
0.01
0.00
Open
PI15
4.19
0.24
0.86
Open
PI16
0.44
0.03
0.01
Open
PI17
3.59
0.20
0.64
Open
PI18
2.04
0.12
0.23
Open
PI19
-2.09
0.12
0.24
Open
PI20
3.97
0.22
0.78
Open
PI21
3.81
0.22
0.72
Open
PI22
0.16
0.01
0.00
Open
PI24
10.49
0.59
4.70
Open
PI25
1.42
0.08
0.12
Open
PI26
-4.24
0.24
0.88
Open
PI28
3.53
0.20
0.63
Open
PI29
5.65
0.32
1.50
Open
PI30
4.19
0.24
0.86
Open
PI31
3.84
0.22
0.73
Open
PI32
4.49
0.25
0.98
Open
PI33
2.61
0.15
0.36
Open
PI34
2.29
0.13
0.28
Open
PI35
0.13
0.01
0.00
Open
PI36
-0.19
0.01
0.00
Open
PI37
1.56
0.09
0.14
Open
PI38
9.02
0.74
8.64
Open
PI39
2.36
0.13
0.30
Open
PI40
2.35
0.13
0.29
Open
PI41
0.57
0.03
0.02
Open
PI42
6.28
0.36
1.82
Open
PI43
6.13
0.35
1.74
Open
PI44
-2.21
0.12
0.26
Open
PI45
3.73
0.21
0.69
Open
PI46
-0.27
0.02
0.00
Open
PI47
-0.43
0.02
0.01
Open
PI48
3.02
0.17
0.47
Open
PI49
2.81
0.16
0.41
Open
PI50
2.81
0.16
0.41
Open
PI51
2.81
0.16
0.41
Open

PI52
PI53
PI54
PI55
PI56
PI57
PI58
PI59
PI60
PI61
PI62

2.58
-0.98
-4.52
-3.38
1.30
1.31
4.96
2.71
-5.00
4.29
2.26

0.15
0.06
0.26
0.19
0.07
0.07
0.28
0.15
0.28
0.24
0.13

0.35
0.06
0.99
0.58
0.10
0.10
1.17
0.38
1.19
0.90
0.27

Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open

Page 9
Link Results: (continued)
---------------------------------------------------------------------Link
Flow VelocityUnit Headloss
Status
ID
LPS
m/s
m/km
---------------------------------------------------------------------PI63
2.07
0.12
0.23
Open
PI64
3.56
0.20
0.64
Open
PI65
1.57
0.09
0.14
Open
PI66
-1.69
0.10
0.16
Open
PI67
2.95
0.17
0.45
Open
PI68
-2.04
0.12
0.23
Open
PI69
3.26
0.18
0.54
Open
PI70
-2.09
0.12
0.24
Open
PI71
3.87
0.22
0.74
Open
PI72
-3.13
0.18
0.50
Open
PI73
3.27
0.18
0.54
Open
PI74
3.05
0.17
0.48
Open
PI75
2.14
0.12
0.25
Open
PI76
-1.69
0.10
0.16
Open
PI77
-3.50
0.20
0.62
Open
PI78
1.81
0.10
0.18
Open
PI79
1.77
0.10
0.17
Open
PI80
-3.33
0.19
0.56
Open
PI81
-3.67
0.21
0.67
Open
PI82
0.75
0.04
0.03
Open
PI83
-3.18
0.18
0.52
Open
PI84
-4.29
0.24
0.90
Open
PI85
-1.23
0.07
0.09
Open
PI86
3.31
0.19
0.55
Open
PI87
-0.88
0.05
0.05
Open
PI88
-0.76
0.10
0.26
Open
PI89
-1.49
0.19
0.91
Open
PI90
-1.62
0.21
1.06
Open
PI91
-2.96
0.38
3.26
Open
PI92
-3.84
0.49
5.26
Open
PI93
0.72
0.09
0.23
Open
PI94
-2.69
0.34
2.72
Open
PI95
2.13
0.27
1.76
Open
PI96
2.00
0.11
0.22
Open

PI97
PI98
PI99
PI100
PI101
PI102
PI103
PI104
PI105
PI106
PI107
PI108
PI109

-4.86
4.97
6.60
4.62
4.36
4.11
0.32
1.86
1.55
0.80
0.35
1.65
1.80

0.27
0.28
0.37
0.26
0.25
0.23
0.02
0.11
0.35
0.05
0.02
0.21
0.23

1.13
1.18
1.99
1.03
0.92
0.83
0.01
0.19
3.96
0.04
0.01
1.10
1.29

Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open

Page 10
Link Results: (continued)
---------------------------------------------------------------------Link
Flow VelocityUnit Headloss
Status
ID
LPS
m/s
m/km
---------------------------------------------------------------------PI110
-1.35
0.17
0.76
Open
PI111
1.55
0.20
0.98
Open
PI112
1.65
0.21
1.10
Open
PI113
0.92
0.12
0.37
Open
PI114
0.06
0.01
0.00
Open
PI115
-0.53
0.07
0.13
Open
PI116
0.34
0.02
0.01
Open
PI117
-0.45
0.06
0.10
Open
PI118
0.51
0.06
0.12
Open
PI119
0.63
0.08
0.19
Open
PI120
-0.19
0.02
0.02
Open
PI121
0.60
0.08
0.17
Open
PI122
0.19
0.02
0.02
Open
PI123
1.64
0.21
1.09
Open
PI124
0.35
0.04
0.06
Open
PI125
-1.35
0.17
0.76
Open
PI126
0.84
0.11
0.32
Open
PI127
-0.52
0.07
0.13
Open
PI128
-1.30
0.17
0.70
Open
PI129
0.49
0.06
0.12
Open
PI130
0.78
0.10
0.27
Open
PI131
-0.73
0.09
0.24
Open
PI132
0.90
0.05
0.05
Open
PI133
1.14
0.14
0.55
Open
PI134
0.23
0.03
0.03
Open
PI135
-0.86
0.05
0.05
Open
PI136
0.91
0.12
0.36
Open
PI137
0.13
0.02
0.01
Open
PI138
0.97
0.05
0.06
Open
PI139
-0.17
0.02
0.02
Open
PI140
0.62
0.14
0.72
Open
PI141
0.61
0.14
0.70
Open

PI142
PI143
PI144
PI145
PI146
PI147
PI148
PI149
PI150
PI151
PI152
PI153
PI154
PI155
PI156

0.35
0.41
0.10
0.00
-0.37
-0.64
-0.44
-0.54
-0.64
-0.22
0.08
0.43
-0.61
-0.10
-0.35

0.02
0.09
0.02
0.00
0.08
0.04
0.10
0.12
0.14
0.05
0.02
0.10
0.14
0.02
0.08

0.01
0.35
0.02
0.00
0.29
0.03
0.39
0.57
0.77
0.11
0.02
0.37
0.72
0.02
0.25

Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open

Page 11
Link Results: (continued)
---------------------------------------------------------------------Link
Flow VelocityUnit Headloss
Status
ID
LPS
m/s
m/km
---------------------------------------------------------------------PI157
-0.65
0.15
0.81
Open
PI158
0.08
0.02
0.02
Open
PI159
-0.50
0.11
0.48
Open
PI160
0.33
0.07
0.22
Open
PI161
-0.03
0.01
0.00
Open
PI162
0.76
0.04
0.04
Open
PI163
0.11
0.03
0.03
Open
PI164
-0.27
0.06
0.15
Open
PI165
-0.14
0.03
0.05
Open
PI166
0.61
0.08
0.18
Open
PU1
28.32
0.00
-84.05
Open Pump

COMMENTS
In pumping with storage we have pressure in range of 14 25 and in direct
pumping we have appropriate pressures with range of 40 60.
EPANET software calculates the flow in each pipe and ressure at each node
with in no time and saves our time
In indirect pumping we have pipes with lesser dia so total cost is lesser than
of pumping without stotage due to greater diameters
If the pressure is more than the desirable limit then we have to increase the
diameter in order to decrease the pressure

Recommendations:
Pumping with storage should be adopted because this method is more
feasible as compared to direct pumping because it provides us continuous
supply of water in high demand hours
Hours should be provided at every intersection
Continuous supply should be given

References:
Water supply and sewage by E.W Steel
wikipedia