The Book of Zechariah

by Fred DeRuvo

AUTHOR: Zechariah, a prophet son of Berechiah (son of Iddo) 2nd year, 8th month of Darius Contemporary of Haggai Lived in Babylon Used by the LORD to call Israels remnant to return to Him

AUDIENCE: Remnant in Jerusalem

TIME PERIOD: 520-480 est. Eight Visions all in one night Feb 15th, 519 BC 2 Oracles 510-480 (Chs. 9-11)

DURATION: 40 years

KEY WORD: Messiah

MAJOR THEMES: The Messiah o Servant, King, Man, and God o The Angel of the Lord (3:1, 2) o The Righteous Branch (3:8; 6:12, 13) o The Stone with Seven eyes (3:9) o The King-Priest (6:13) o The Humble King (9:9, 10) o The Cornerstone, tent peg, and battle bow (10:4) o The Good Shepherd (sold for 30 shekels of Silver) (11:4-13)

o The Pierced One (12:10) o The Cleansing Fountain (13:1) o The Smitten Shepherd who is abandoned (13:7) o The Coming Judge and Righteous King (14) Encouragement & Hope: In light of the coming Messiah (9:1-11; 14:1-5) Gods Sovereignty (1:10-11; 4:10; 6:1-8)

Outline I. Introduction 1:1-6 II. The eight night visions and four messages 1:76:8 A. The horseman among the myrtle trees 1:7-17 1. The vision proper 1:7-15 2. The oracle about God's jealousy for Israel 1:16-17 B. The four horns and the four smiths 1:18-21 C. The surveyor ch. 2 1. The vision itself 2:1-5 2. The oracle about enemy destruction and Israelite blessing 2:6-13 D. The cleansing and restoration of Joshua ch. 3 1. The symbolic act 3:1-5 2. The accompanying promises 3:6-10 E. The gold lampstand and the two olive trees ch. 4 1. The vision 4:1-5 2. Two oracles concerning Zerubbabel 4:6-10 3. The interpretation of the vision 4:11-14 F. The flying scroll 5:1-4 G. The woman in the basket 5:5-11 H. The four chariots 6:1-8 III. The symbolic crowning of Joshua 6:9-15 IV. Messages concerning hypocritical fasting chs. 78 A. The question from the delegation from Bethel 7:1-3 B. The Lord's rebuke 7:4-7 C. The command to repent 7:8-14

D. Israel's restoration to God's favor 8:1-17 E. Kingdom joy and Jewish favor 8:18-23 V. Oracles about the Messiah and Israel's future chs. 914 A. The burden concerning the nations: the advent and rejection of Messiah chs. 911 1. The coming of the true king ch. 9 2. The restoration of the true people ch. 10 3. The rejection of the true king ch. 11 B. The burden concerning Israel: the advent and acceptance of Messiah chs. 1214 1. The repentance of Judah ch. 12 2. The restoration of Judah ch. 13 3. The reign of Messiah ch. 14 OVERALL STRUCTURE OF BOOK: (14 chapters total) The Call to Repentance (1:1-6) The Eight Visions of Zechariah (1:7-6:8) The Crowning of Joshua (6:9-15) The Question of Fasting (7:1-3) The Four Messages of Zechariah (7:4-8:23) The Two Oracles of Zechariah (9:1-14:21)

GENERAL TIMELINE OF BOOK: 539 538 536 534 520 519 518-517 516 510-480 Fall of Babylon Decree of Cyrus (Remnant Returns) Temple Construction Begins (Ezra 3) Temple Construction Delayed (Ezra 4) Temple Construction Resumes (Ezra 5) 8 Visions 4 Messages of Zechariah Temple Construction Completed 2 Oracles

EIGHT VISIONS: 1. 1:8-17 2. 1:18-21 Horses among the Myrtle Trees The Four Horns and Four Craftsmen

3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

2:1-13 3:1-10 4:1-14 5:1-4 5:5-11 6:1-8

The Man with the Measuring Line The Cleansing of Joshua, the High Priest The Golden Lampstand and Olive Trees The Flying Scroll The Woman in the Ephah The Four Chariots

FOUR MESSAGES: 1. 2. 3. 4. 7:4-7 7:8-14 8:1-17 8:18-23 A Rebuke of Empty Ritualism A Reminder of Past Disobedience The Restoration and Consolation of Israel The Recovery of Joy in the Kingdom

TWO ORACLES: 1. Oracle #1 (Chs. 9-11) a. Advent and Rejection of Shepherd King and Leading astray by False Shepherds 2. Oracle #2 (Chs. 12-14) a. 2nd Advent of Messiah and Acceptance of Israels King b. Reign of Messiah in Jerusalem over the Whole Earth APPLICATION OF ZECHARIAH: Dont forsake Messiahs first advent because He is coming in Judgment at His second advent WHICH IS CORRECT VIEW OF ZECHARIAH? WHY? 1. Christ will return at His second advent to establish the Kingdom then will reign over His kingdom on earth for 1,000 years 2. Christ will return only after Christianity dominates the worlds religions and the kingdom is built up by the church 3. There will be no literal earthly kingdom which Messiah will reign over, He is reigning now figuratively in the hearts of His people. Not a literal 1,000 years, only figurative