Electrical Symbols & Electronic Symbols

Electrical symbols and electronic circuit symbols are used for drawing schematic diagram. The symbols represent electrical and electronic components.

Table of Electrical Symbols

Symbol

Component name Wire Symbols Electrical Wire Connected Wires Not connected Wires

Meaning

Conductor of electrical current Connected crossing Wires are not connected

Switch Symbols and Relay Symbols SPST Toggle Switch SPDT Toggle Switch Pushbutton Switch (N. ! Pushbutton Switch (N.C! D$P Switch SPST %elay %elay open & close connection by an electromagnet SPDT %elay 'umper Close connection by (umper insertion on pins. Disconnects current when open Selects between two connections "omentary switch # normally open "omentary switch # normally closed D$P switch is used for onboard configuration

Solder )ridge

Solder to close connection

Ground Symbols Earth *round Chassis *round Digital & Common *round +sed for ,ero potential reference and electrical shoc- protection. Connected to the chassis of the circuit

Resistor Symbols %esistor ($EEE! %esistor reduces the current flow. %esistor ($EC! Potentiometer ($EEE! .d(ustable resistor # has / terminals. Potentiometer ($EC! 0ariable %esistor & %heostat ($EEE! .d(ustable resistor # has 1 terminals. 0ariable %esistor & %heostat ($EC! Capacitor Symbols Capacitor Capacitor Polari,ed Capacitor Capacitor is used to store electric charge. $t acts as short circuit with .C and open circuit with DC.

Electrolytic capacitor

Polari,ed Capacitor 0ariable Capacitor

Electrolytic capacitor .d(ustable capacitance

Inductor Coil Symbols $nductor $ron Core $nductor 0ariable $nductor !ower Supply Symbols 0oltage Source Current Source .C 0oltage Source *enerator )attery Cell )attery *enerates constant 2oltage *enerates constant current. .C 2oltage source Electrical 2oltage is generated by mechanical rotation of the generator *enerates constant 2oltage *enerates constant 2oltage *enerates 2oltage as a function of 2oltage or current of other circuit element. *enerates current as a function of 2oltage or current of other circuit element. "easures 2oltage. 3as 2ery high resistance. Connected in parallel. Coil & solenoid that generates magnetic field $ncludes iron

Controlled 0oltage Source

Controlled Current Source

Meter Symbols 0oltmeter

.mmeter hmmeter Wattmeter

"easures electric current. 3as near ,ero resistance. Connected serially. "easures resistance "easures electric power "amp "ight #ulb Symbols

4amp & light bulb 4amp & light bulb 4amp & light bulb $iode "E$ Symbols Diode Diode allows current flow in one direction only (left to right!. .llows current flow in one direction6 but also can flow in the re2erse direction when abo2e brea-down 2oltage Schott-y diode is a diode with low 2oltage drop 0ariable capacitance diode *enerates light when current flows through

5ener Diode

Schott-y Diode 0aractor & 0aricap Diode Tunnel Diode 4ight Emitting Diode (4ED! Photodiode

4ED emits light when current flows through Photodiode allows current flow when e7posed to light

Transistor Symbols

NPN )ipolar Transistor PNP )ipolar Transistor Darlington Transistor '8ET#N Transistor '8ET#P Transistor N" S Transistor P" S Transistor

.llows current flow when high potential at base (middle! .llows current flow when low potential at base (middle! "ade from 1 bipolar transistors. 3as total gain of the product of each gain. N#channel field effect transistor P#channel field effect transistor N#channel " S8ET transistor P#channel " S8ET transistor

Misc% Symbols "otor Transformer Electric bell )u,,er 8use 8use )us Contains se2eral wires. +sually for data & address. )us Electric motor Change .C 2oltage from high to low or low to high. %ings when acti2ated Produce bu,,ing sound

The fuse disconnects when current abo2e threshold. +sed to protect circuit from high currents.

)us ptocoupler & pto#isolator 4oudspea-er "icrophone perational .mplifier Schmitt Trigger .nalog#to#digital con2erter (.DC! ptocoupler isolates onnection to other board Con2erts electrical signal to sound wa2es Con2erts sound wa2es to electrical signal .mplify input signal perates with hysteresis to reduce noise. Con2erts analog signal to digital numbers

Digital#to#.nalog con2erter Con2erts digital numbers to analog (D.C! signal Crystal scillator +sed to generate precise fre9uency cloc- signal &ntenna Symbols .ntenna & aerial Transmits : recei2es radio wa2es .ntenna & aerial Dipole .ntenna Two wires simple antenna "ogic Gates Symbols N T *ate ($n2erter! .ND *ate utputs ; when input is < utputs ; when both inputs are ;.

N.ND *ate % *ate N % *ate > % *ate D 8lip#8lop "ultiple7er & "u7 1 to ;

utputs < when both inputs are ;. (N T = .ND! utputs ; when any input is ;. utputs < when any input is ;. (N T = %! utputs ; when inputs are different. (E7clusi2e %! Stores one bit of data

Connects the output to selected input line. "ultiple7er & "u7 ? to ; Demultiple7er & Demu7 ; to Connects selected output to the input ? line.

See also

Electrical components Electrical units Capacitor %esistor $nductor Current 0oltage hm@s law

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