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P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
C I S C O sum inist r a a T elef nica m at er iales de f or m acin e inf or m acin ( los M at er iales de F or m acin) . C I S C O consider a q ue dich os M at er iales de F or m acin son ex act os en la f ech a de ent r eg a a T elef nica, per o no r ealiz a m anif est acin alg una ni ot or g a g ar ant a alg una acer ca de los M at er iales de F or m acin y , en especial, acer ca de si los m ism os son ex act os, est n act ualiz ados, son com plet os, o r esult an idneos par a su pr opsit o. N ing una inf or m acin cont enida en los M at er iales de F or m acin const it uy e un com pr om iso, pr om esa u oblig acin leg al a car g o de C I S C O de ent r eg ar pr oduct os o pr est ar ser v icios de m at er ial, cdig o o f uncionalidad alg una. C I S C O no es r esponsable ni r esponder de las consecuencias q ue pudier an t ener los act os o decisiones q ue adopt e T elef nica asum iendo o conf iando en el cont enido de los M at er iales de F or m acin ni, en g ener al, de las consecuencias de la ut iliz acin de los m ism os por T elef nica .
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d . C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
Renuncia de Responsabilidad
A g enda
Da 1 : I nt r od u c c i n d e l C u r s o T i p os d e R e d e s d e Dat os Da 2 :
Da 3 :
P r ot oc ol os d e R e d
Da 4 :
Di s e o d e L A N Di s e o d e L A N
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
DA
Introduccin de l C urs o
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
D esc r i p c i n C u r so de Redes de D at os
OBJ ETIVO: Ob t e ne r co no cimie nt o d e l o s t rmino s y co nce pt o s f u nd ame nt al e s d e re d e s q u e incl u y an LANs, W ANs, IP, sw it ch ing y re d e s co nve rg e nt e s d e vo z y d at o s. DU RACIN: 20 h o ras
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
I c onos de C i sc o y S m b ol os
Router C i s c o U n i f i ed C om m un i c a ti on s M a n a g er C a m era P C / V i d eo C i s c o U n i ty S erv er
V oi c e Router
S RS T -E n a b l ed Router
P h on e
C i s c o U n i f i ed P res en c e S erv er
S w i tc h Router
I P P h on e
P B X
C i s c o U n i ty E x p res s
M ob i l e A c c es s P h on e
G a tew a y
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
I c onos de C i sc o y S m b ol os (C ont ).
W ork g roup S w i tc h V oi c eE n a b l ed M ul ti l a y er S w i tc h V P N C on c en tra tor L a p top
A T A
A c c es s S erv er W eb S erv er
P D A
W ork g roup S w i tc h
F i l e S erv er
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
DA
T ip os de R e de s
de D a tos
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
T I PO S D E RE D E S D E D A T O S
C O N T E N I DO S
4 .- T I PO S D E R E D E S D E D A T O S
3 .- A R Q U I T E C T U R A D E R E D
2 .- R E D E S C O N V E R G E N T E S
1.- E L E M E N T O S D E U N A R E D
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
O f icinas R emotas
IP WAN
Si
A ccess Sw itch
W A N A g g r eg ation R ou ter
B r anch R ou ter
A ccess Sw itch
Infraestructura d e R ed
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
10
C om p onent es de l a Red
S w i t c h d e c ap a 2 ( ac c e s o)
F u n c io n a lid a d e s y C a r a c te r is tic a s
Proporciona conexiones para h ost s y d isposit iv os f inal es. S eg u rid ad d e Pu ert o F ast et h ernet -G ig ab it et h ernet V l anvs C al id ad d e serv icio ( Q O S )
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
11
C om p onent es de l a Red
S w i t c h d e c ap a 3 ( Di s t r i b u c i n)
F u n c io n a lid a d e s y C a r a c te r is tic a s
S oport e d e l a C apa 3 ( enru t am ient o ent re V L A N vs) F ast et h ernet -G ig ab it et h ernet / 1 0 G ig ab it et h ernet Pol it icas d e S eg u rid ad / L ist as d e cont rol d e acceso C om ponent es R ed u nd ant es C al id ad d e serv icio ( Q O S )
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
12
C om p onent es de l a Red
R ou t e r ( E DC )
F u n c io n a lid a d e s y C a r a c te r is tic a s
Proporciona C onect iv id ad con l a W A N E nru t am ient o ( est at ico-d inm ico) C al id ad d e serv icio ( Q O S ) S eg u rid ad
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
13
Redes de D at os y V oz S ep ar adas
Las co mpaas q u ie re n re d u cir g ast o s e n l a W AN po r l a int e g racin.
Lo s d at o s so n e l t rf ico primario e n mu ch as re d e s d e vo z .
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
14
D ef i ni c i n y D i seo
la m is m a R e d IP V a ri os m od os d e d i s e o:
R e d q u e Pe rm i t e q u e v oz , v i d e o y d a t os u t i l i c e n
I nt e g ra c i n d e e q u i p os d e v oz t ra d i c i ona l (V oI P) S u s t i t u c i n d e e q u i p os d e v oz t ra d i c i ona l (T oI P) E q u i p a m i e nt o m i x t o.
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
15
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
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E j em p l o: T el ef ona I P
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
17
E q u i p am i ent o Mi x t o
T el etr ab aj ad or
U nif ied CM
A p p l ications R est of th e W or l d
O f icina centr al U su ar io M ov il
V3PN
I nt ernet
IP WAN
PS T N
L eg acy Site U nif ied CM E x p r ess T ie L ines P B X
18
E l em ent os q u e I nt eg r an
V oice M ail / U nif ied M essag ing U C E nd p oints W eb / A u d io/ V id eo Conf er encing M ed ia R esou r ces
MTP
L D A P D ir ector y
U C
U C P r ocessing A g ents
GK
Infraestructura d e U C
PS T N
G atew ay/ Su r v iv ab l e R emote
A p l i caci o nes
Comms E nd p oints
X c o d e C o n f Conf
Si
IP WAN
Si
Camp u s
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
A ccess Sw itch
W A N A g g r eg ation R ou ter
Infraestructura d e R ed
B r anch R ou ter
A ccess Sw itch
B r anch
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
19
C a ra c t e rs t i c a s F u nd a m e nt a l e s re l a c i ona d a s c on e l d i s e o d e a rq u i t e c t u ra d e re d
To l e rancia a f al l as Cal id ad d e se rvicio Escal ab il id ad
C ar ac t er st i c as de l a ar q u i t ec t u r a de r ed
Se g u rid ad
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
20
L a c onm u t a c i n d e p a q u e t e s a yu d a a m e j ora r l a a t e nu a c i n y l a t ol e ra nc i a a f a l l a s d e l a a rq u i t e c t u ra d e R e d
C ar ac t er st i c as de l a ar q u i t ec t u r a de r ed
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
21
C ar ac t er st i c as de l a ar q u i t ec t u r a de r ed
L a s c a ra c t e rs t i c a s d e l a R e d p e rm i t e n e s c a l a r p a ra p od e r s a t i s f a c e r l a s d e m a nd a s d e l os u s u a ri os
J e rrq u ica Est nd are s co mu ne s Pro t o co l o s co mu ne s
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
22
C ar ac t er st i c as de l a ar q u i t ec t u r a de r ed
S e rv i c i os q u e ne c e s i t a n c a l i d a d d e s e rv i c i o y m e c a ni s m os ne c e s a ri os p a ra g a ra nt i z a rl a
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
23
L os m e c a ni s m os d e c a l i d a d d e s e rv i c i o d e be n g a ra nt i z a r l a c a l i d a d d e s e rv i c i o d e l a s a p l i c a c i one s q u e l o re q u i e re n
C ar ac t er st i c as de l a ar q u i t ec t u r a de r ed
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
24
S e ne c e s i t a s e l e c c i ona r l a e s t ra t e g i a d e c a l i d a d d e s e rv i c i o a p rop i a d a p a ra u n t i p o d e t rf i c o d e t e rm i na d o
C ar ac t er st i c as de l a ar q u i t ec t u r a de r ed
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
25
S e ne c e s i t a n m e d i d a s bs i c a s p a ra l a p rot e c c i n d e l a s re d e s d e d a t os
Ase g u re l a co nf id e ncial id ad me d iant e e l u so d e : Au t e nt icacin d e u su ario Encript acin d e d at o s
C ar ac t er st i c as de l a ar q u i t ec t u r a de r ed
Mant e ng a l a int e g rid ad d e l as co mu nicacio ne s me d iant e e l u so d e : Ase g u re l a d ispo nib il id ad me d iant e e l u so d e : Arq u it e ct u ra d e re d re d u nd ant e Fire w al l s Firmas d ig it al e s
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
26
L A N
TI P OS DE REDES DE DATOS
- Se d e no mina re d d e re a l o cal (LAN) a l a re d u t il iz ad a e n u n h o g ar, u n e d if icio o u n campu s
R e d e s d e re a l oc a l (L A N )
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
27
L A N
S on R e d e s Prop i e t a ri a s d e l C l i e nt e y norm a l m e nt e ba j o s u a d m i ni s t ra c i n.
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
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MA N
R e d e s M e t rop ol i t a na s
- Las LAN se parad as po r u na d ist ancia g e o g rf ica se co ne ct an e nt re s me d iant e u na re d d e no minad a re d d e re a e x t e nsa (W AN)
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
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W A N
R e d e s d e re a e x t e ns a (W A N )
No rmal me nt e se u san Acce so s co nt rat ad o s a G rand e s Co mpaias d e Te l e co mu nicacio ne s para int e rco ne ct ar e nt re si varias LAN/ MAN.
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
30
W A N
MACROLAN
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
31
W A N
VPN-IP D e s c r i p c i n B s i c a d e l S e r v i c i o
El se rvicio VPN-IP d e TDE se b asa e n l a cre acin d e t ne l e s MPLS, co nsig u ind o se cre ar u na nu b e virt u al privad a d e nt ro d e u na re d pb l ica. Las re d e s VPN-IP no s o f re ce rn:
Po sib il id ad d e e mpl e ar d ist int o s t ipo s d e acce so se g n l as ne ce sid ad e s d e l cl ie nt e (t ant o acce so s co nmu t ad o s co mo pe rmane nt e s).
Ex ist e n varias al t e rnat ivas para pro po rcio nar re d u nd ancia a l o s acce so s VPN-IP.
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d . C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
Es po sib l e prio riz ar o g arant iz ar cie rt o nive l d e t rf ico , po r e j e mpl o para d e t e rminad as apl icacio ne s (Q o S). Para e l l o se d e f ine n t re s cal id ad e s para e l t rf ico d e cl ie nt e : Mu l t ime d ia, Oro y Pl at a.
32
W A N
V P N -I P (M od a l i d a d e s d e a c c e s o)
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
33
W A N
V P N -I P (M od a l i d a d e s d e a c c e s o)
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
34
W A N
V P N -I P (M od a l i d a d e s d e a c c e s o)
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
35
DA
Protocolos d e R e d
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
36
PRO T O C O L O S D E RE D
1.- MODELO TCP/IP
IPV 4 .
C O N T E N I DO S
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
37
D esc r i p c i n p or C ap as
MODELO TC P / I P :
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
38
PD U
(U ni dades de D at os del Pr ot oc ol o)
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
39
PD U
(U ni dades de D at os del Pr ot oc ol o)
E s q u e m a s d e d i re c c i ona m i e nt o y d e nom i na c i n
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
40
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
41
L a V oz sob r e E l Pr ot oc ol o I nt er net
V oice X 1 2 3 4 F X S e0 R 1 1 0 .1 .1 .1 V oice PK T D at a PK T s0 IP W A N V oice PK T 1 0 .1 .1 .2 D at a PK T s0 R 2 X 1 2 3 4 F X S e0 D at a V oice
D at a
M u l t ip l es t ru nk s m u l t ip l ex ado s p o r nm ero s de p u ert o U D P R eal T im e T ransp o rt C o nt ro l P ro t o co l ( R T C P ) M ej o ras de int eg racin de l a cap a ap l icacin
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d . C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
42
L a V oz sob r e E l Model o T C P/ I P
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
43
V oI P Pr ot oc ol os de S eal i z ac i n
H .3 2 3 S e s s i on I ni t i a t i on Prot oc ol (S I P)
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
44
P r o t o c o l o d e Tr a ns p o r t e e n Ti e m p o Re a l , ( RTP ) .
Prov e e f u nc i one s d e re d e x t re m o a e x t re m o y e nt re g a s e rv i c i os p a ra d a t os s e ns i bl e s a l re t a rd o y t i e m p o re a l t a l e s c om o v oz y v d e o. F u nc i ona c on q u e u i ng s obre ot ro t rf i c o.
Nme ro d e se cu e ncia.
p a ra
p ri ori z a r t rf i c o d e
v oz
C om o s e rv i c i os i nc l u ye :
Est ampad o d e l t ie mpo .
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
45
Re a l -Ti m e Tr a ns p o r t C o nt r o l P r o t o c o l , ( RTC P ) .
S u p e rv i s a l a c a l i d a d d e l a d i s t ri bu c i n d e d a t os p rop orc i ona l a i nf orm a c i n d e c ont rol y
Pe rm i t e q u e l os s e rv i d ore s i m p l i c a d os e n u na s e s i n R T P i nt e rc a m bi e n i nf orm a c i n s obre M oni t ori z a c i n y c ont rol d e l a s e s i n Prop orc i ona u n f l u j o s e p a ra d o d e R T P p a ra u s o d e t ra ns p ort e U D P
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
46
I nt e g r a c i n d e l a V o z e n e l m o d e l o TC P / I P
eM ail
D ir ector y
D ata B ase
Cal end ar
M essag ing
3p cc
S M T P , L D A P , S Q L / O D B C , H T T P , J T A P I
G K
H . 3 2 3 , S IP , S C C P , M G C P
M G C
IP Ne t w o r k
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
P ST N
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
47
C l ases de D i r ec c i ones
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
48
D i r ec c i ones I P C l ase, A , B , C , D
yE
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
49
D i st r i b u c i n de D i r ec c i ones
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
50
D i r ec c i ones de C l ase A
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
51
D i r ec c i ones de C l ase B
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
52
D i r ec c i ones de C l ase C
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
53
Rang os de D i r ec c i ones I P
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
54
D i r ec c i ones I P Pb l i c as y Pr i v adas
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
55
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
56
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
57
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
58
P RI NC I P I OS DE DI V I SI N EN SUB REDES
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
59
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
60
S er v er s
35 7 5 1 1 1 50
17 10 10 2 3 3 45
26 4 4 1 1 1 37
12 0 0 0 0 0 12
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
61
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
62
G r u p os de S u m ar i z ac i n de Ru t a
Lo s b e ne f icio s d e l d ire ccio namie nt o j e rrq u ico incl u y e n : So po rt e para g ru po s d e su mmariz acin d e ru t a Su mariz acin e f icie nt e d e ru t as U n Dire ccio namie nt o IP mal d ise ad o t ie ne co mo co nse cu e ncias:
Ex ce so d e t rf ico d e e nru t amie nt o , co nd u cie nd o a co nsu mo d e anch o d e b and a ad icio nal Incre me nt o d e cl cu l o s d e l a t ab l a d e e nru t amie nt o , d e g rad and o e l re nd imie nt o d e l ro u t e r.
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
63
Ej e m p l o : B l o q u e s d e Di r e c c i n p o r Se d e s
P osic in T ot a l R ound e d P ow e r of 2 A d d r e ss B l oc k
1 2 9 0
441 28 35
Houston Region
H oust on C a m p us R e m ot e O ffic e 3 329 21
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
64
Ej e m p l o : B l o q u e s d e Di r e c c i n p o r Se d e s
P osic in T ot a l R ound e d P ow e r of 2 A d d r e ss B l oc k
1 2 9 0
441 28 35
2 0 4 8
512 6 4 6 4
Houston Region
H oust on C a m p us R e m ot e O ffic e 3 329 21 512 6 4
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
65
Ej e m p l o : B l o q u e s d e Di r e c c i n p o r Se d e s
P osic in T ot a l R ound e d P ow e r of 2 A d d r e ss B l oc k
1 2 9 0
441 28 35
2 0 4 8 1 0 2 4
512 6 4 6 4
Houston Region
H oust on C a m p us R e m ot e O ffic e 3 329 21
1 0 2 4
512 6 4
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
66
Ej e m p l o : B l o q u e s d e Di r e c c i n p o r Se d e s
P osic in T ot a l R ound e d P ow e r of 2 A d d r e ss B l oc k 172. 16 . 0. 0 172. 16 . 7. 255 / 21 172. 16 . 8. 0 172. 16 . 11. 255 / 22 172. 16 . 8. 0 172. 16 . 9 . 255 / 23 172. 16 . 10. 0 / 26 172. 16 . 10. 6 4 / 26 172. 16 . 12. 0 172. 16 . 15. 255 / 22 172. 16 . 12. 0 172. 16 . 13. 255 / 23 172. 16 . 14. 0 / 26
67
1 2 9 0
2 0 4 8 1 0 2 4
441 28 35
512 6 4 6 4
Houston Region
H oust on C a m p us R e m ot e O ffic e 3
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
1 0 2 4
329 21
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
512 6 4
Ej e m p l o : P l a n d e d i r e c c i o na m i e nt o J e r r q u i c o
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
68
Ej e m p l o : P l a n d e d i r e c c i o na m i e nt o J e r r q u i c o
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
69
Manej o de D i r ec c i ones I P
La U t il iz acin d e DH CP e n l a e mpre sa. La U t il iz acin d e NAT e n l a e mpre sa. La U t il iz acin d e DNS e n l a e mpre sa.
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
70
A sig na c in d e D ir e c c in D inm ic a c on D H C P D isp osit iv os d e usua r io fina l Ms d e 30 d isp osit iv os d e usua r io fina l Sl o l a r e c onfig ur a c in d e se r v id or d e D H C P e s ne c e sa r ia R e q uie r e l a c onfig ur a c in d e se r v id or D H C P a d ic iona l Sl o e l se r v id or d e D H C P ne c e sit a a se r c onfig ur a d o Se r v id or D H C P r e d und a nt e e s r e q ue r id o C ua l q uie r d isp osit iv o c onsig ue l a d ir e c c in I P
D isp onib il id a d a l t a
P r e oc up a c ione s d e se g ur id a d
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
71
Ej e m p l o : As i g na c i n d e Di r e c c i n I P e n u na Re d d e Em p r e s a
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
72
Resol u c i n de N om b r e D i nm i c a c ont r a E st t i c a
Re so l u cin d e no mb re s a d ire ccio ne s IP Est t ico Dinmico El u so d e No mb re s f acil it a e l t rab aj o
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
73
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
74
L a U t i l i z ac i n de D N S p ar a Resol u c i n de N om b r e
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
75
Ej e m p l o : Lo c a l i z a c i n d e DH C P y Se r v i d o r e s DNS e n l a Re d
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
76
ETH ERNET
77
E t h er net en l a L A N
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
78
E t h er net en l a L A N
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
79
E t h er net en l a L A N
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
80
E t h er net en l a L A N
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
81
Q u es Met r o E t h er net ?
Sed e Centr al SO N E T / SD H R P R D W D M / CW D M E th er net M P L S/ I P ( V P L S) 10 0 M b p s E th er net O f icina R emota 1 10 M b p s E th er net
O f icina R emota 2
Red Metro Ethernet: C u a l q u i e r r e d d e sti n a d a a su m i n i str a r se r v i c i o s M e tr o E th e r n e t. E n g e n e r a l e l tr m i n o M e tr o E th e r n e t se a p l i c a a redes de op era dor. Serv i c i os Metro Ethernet: S e r v i c i o s d e c o n e c ti v i d a d M A N / W A N de ni v el 2 a tr a v s d e ED C vS Ethernet
R emota 3
82
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
83
Q u i nc l u ye el ser v i c i o Met r oL A N ?
MAN
1 / C o n f i g u r a c i n d e l a V L AN 2 / Ac c e s o s a l a MAN 3 / C a u d a l
1, 2, 3, ... 10 M b p s
10 0 M b p s 1G b p s
10 , 20 , 30 , ...
10 0 , 20 0 , 30 0 , ...
84
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
S er v i c i o Mac r oL A N
2 , 1 0 , 1 0 0 y 1 0 0 0 Mb p s
Se r v i c i o s d e H o s t i n g y A SP e n TIC
D ata Center
O f icinas
85
Escenario General
S e d e e nT IC (H o u s i ng /H o s t i ng )
Red A c c es oT IC
Ac c e s o a l a MAN (S e r v i c i o Me t r o L AN)
EDC
ED C
E q u ip o e n D o m ic ilio d e C l i e nt e
EDC
MAN C a u d a le s Na c i o na l y T I C
Red de T r n s i t o N a c io n a l (M P L S )
MAN
El servicio requiere de Accesos Ethernet, proporcionados al cliente por el P roveedor de Acceso Ethernet ( S ervicio M etroL AN ) . Escenario g eneral que incluy e sedes del cliente en varias capitales y en T IC
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
86
O t ros escenarios
E D C
MAN
E D C
T IC S er v i c i os H A S P en el T I C
E D C T IC
E D C
a lo ja d o e n e l
Red A c c es o T IC
MAN
Aplicacin en M adrid y B arcelona ( conectividad entre M AN y T I C sin pasar por red nacional
E D C
g estionado
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
87
C o m p u e s t o p o r Ac c e s o s y C a u d a l e s
Accesos Ethernet:
Entre u na sede y el T I C
E D C
MAN
A c c es o E t h er n et
C a u d a l es:
V el ocidades 2 , 1 0 , 1 0 0 y 1 0 0 0 M b p s
E l c l i e nt e p u e d e c o nt r a t a r u n a c c e s o e n:
C u alq u iera de su s sedes u of icinas donde ex ista cob ertu ra El T I C ( ex cep to acceso de 2 Mb p s)
1 , 2 , 3 , , 8 , 9 , 1 0 , 2 0 , 3 0 , 4 0 , 8 0 , 9 0 , 1 0 0 , 2 0 0 , 3 0 0 , , 1 0 0 0 M b p s
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
88
Pr ob l em as de u n di seo de r ed no ap r op i ado
VLANvS
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
89
Pr ob l em as de u n di seo de r ed no ap r op i ado
G ra n c a nt i d a d d e t ra f i c o u ni c a s t c on M A C d e s c onoc i d a D i f i c u l t a d e n e l m a ne j o y s op ort e
T rf i c o m u l t i c a s t e n p u e rt os d ond e no s e re q u i e re Pos i bl e s v u l ne ra bi l i d a d e s d e s e g u ri d a d
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
90
A s i g na r l a s d i re c c i one s I P e n bl oq u e s c ont i nu os A s i g na r u na re d I P p or V l a n
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d . C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
91
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
92
V L A N s (end-t o-end)
V L A N s (end-t o-end)
El t e rmino e nd -t o -e nd VLAN se re f ie re a q u e u na se rie d e pu e rt o s d e l sw it ch pu e d e n e st ar co ne ct ad o s a t ravs d e u na VLAN e n u na re d e sparcid a po r t o d a l a re d e mpre sarial , a o t ro co nj u nt o d e pu e rt o s d e u n sw it ch Raz o ne s para impl e me nt ar VLANs
Agrupar usuarios S e gurid ad Q oS E v it ar e nrut am ie nt o V L AN S d e propsit o e spe cf ico D e b id o al d ise o
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
94
V L A N s l oc al es
L a s V l a n l oc a l e s e s t a n norm a l m e nt e re s t ri ng i d a s a u n a rm a ri o d e c a bl e a d o
95
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
V L A N s l oc al es
E n e l p a s a d o l os d i s e a d ore s i nt e nt a ron i m p l e m e nt a r l a re g l a 8 0 / 2 0 , e s t a re g l a e s t a ba ba s a d a e n obs e rv a c i n (8 0 % d e l t ra f i c o e ra i nt e rno y s ol o e l 2 0 % e ra e x t e rno) A c t u a l m e nt e l os d i s e a d ore s c ons ol i d a n l os e n u bi c a c i one s c e nt ra l e s d e l a re d y p rov e e re c u rs os e x t e rnos s i n i m p ort a r e l nu m e ro d s e g m e nt os q u e s e ne c e s i t e a t ra v e s a r (2 0 % q u e d a i nt e rno y s ol o e l 8 0 % e s e x t e rno) e s e rv i d ore s na c c e s oa d e l t ra f i c o
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
96
B enef i c i os de V L A N s l oc al es en u n C am p u s E m p r esar i al
F l u j o d e t ra f i c o d e t e rm i ns t i c o R u t a s re d u nd a nt e s a c t i v a s A l t a d i s p oni bi l i d a d D i s e o e s c a l a bl e D om i ni o d e f a l l a f i ni t o
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
97
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
98
L os e nl ace s Troncal e s d e b e n d e se r conf igurad os d e f orm a apropiad a para pod e r t ransm it ir e l t raf ico d e Te l e f ona
S e l e ccionar l os sw it ch e s e n l a capa d e D ist rib ucin para q ue pue d an act uar com o R P s
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
99
A soc i ando V L A N s en u na r ed j er r q u i c a
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
10 0
A soc i ando V L A N s en u na r ed j er r q u i c a
C u a nd o s e a s oc i a n V L A N s d e nt ro d e u n nu e v o d i s e o d e re d j e rrq u i c o, m a nt e ng a e s t os p a rm e t ros e n m e nt e
Ex amine e l e sq u e ma d e d ire ccio namie nt o IP a se r apl icad o e n cad a VLAN d e cad a su b re d Co nf ig u re e nru t amie nt o e nt re VLANs e n l a capa d e d ist rib u cin Aso cie a l a VLAN y su b re d d e l u su ario f inal a u n b l o q u e e spe cf ico d e Sw it ch e s Id e al me nt e , l imit ar u na VLAN a u n sw it ch d e acce so o st ack d e sw it ch e s
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
10 1
DA
D iseo d e L A N
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
10 2
D I S E O
D E L A N
CONTENIDOS
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
10 3
M O D E LO S D E R E D E S J E R R Q U I C AS
G rand e s d o minio s d e co l isin
D i sp osi t i v os de Red N o j er r q u i c os
Al t a Lat e ncia
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
10 4
C onm u t ac i n C ap a 2
Re nd imie nt o a ve l o cid ad d e l cab l e Co nmu t acin po r H ard w are
De s v e nt a j a s
Il imit ad o
Ning n t rf ico e nt re
d o minio d e b ro ad cast
VLANs
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
E nr u t am i ent o C ap a 3
U n Do minio d e b ro ad cast po r int e rf ace ACLs pu e d e n se r apl icad as e nt re se g me nt o s
De s v e nt a j a s
Al t o co st e po r pu e rt o
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
C onm u t ac i n de Ml t i c ap a
Fu ncio nal id ad co mb inad a Lay e r 4 sw it ch ing Lay e r 3 sw it ch ing Lay e r 2 sw it ch ing
Rpid a e scal ab il id ad
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
10 7
d e Spanning
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
10 8
C ap as en el Model o J er r q u i c o
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
10 9
Model o de C am p u s J er r q u i c o
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
110
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
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111
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
112
Mdu l os en el C am p u s de E m p r esa
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
113
Mdu l o de I nf r aest r u c t u r a de C am p u s
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
114
E j e m p l o : R e d J e r r q u i c a
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
115
C ap a de A c c eso
El pu nt o d e co nce nt racin e n e l cu al l o s cl ie nt e s t ie ne n acce so a l a re d Co nmu t acin d e Capa 2 e n l a capa d e acce so : De f ine u n nico d o minio d e b ro ad cast Co nmu t acin ml t icapa e n l a capa d e acce so d e l a re d d e Campu s : pt imame nt e sat isf ace l as ne ce sid ad e s d e u n u su ario part icu l ar po r ro u t ing , f il t e ring , au t e nt if icacin , se g u rid ad , o cal id ad d e se rvicio Co nmu t acin ml t icapa e n l a capa d e acce so a l a W AN : Ay u d a a co nt ro l ar l o s g ast o s d e l a W AN u sand o d ial -o nd e mand ro u t ing (DDR) y e nru t amie nt o e st t ico
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
116
E j e m p l o : C o ne c t i v i d a d d e C a p a d e Ac c e s o e n e l LAN d e C a m p u s
a j o s on a s ig n a d a s a V L A N : Im p le m e n ta r u n a V L A N o s e con e ct a n a e n l a ce s d e d ia n t e t r on ca l e s V L A N . r ou t e r s d e d is t r ib u cin e n r
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C ap a de D i st r i b u c i n
Pro po rcio na l a co nmu t acin mu l t icapa e nt re acce so y co re :
A g r e g ac i n d e anc h o d e b and a c onc e nt r and o ml t i p l e s e nl ac e s d e v e l oc i d ad b aj a e n u n e nl ac e p r i nc i p al r p i d o P r op or c i ona t r ans i c i one s d e me d i os
D e t e r mi na e l ac c e s o d e l g r u p o d e t r ab aj o o e l d e p ar t ame nt o
p ar a d i s p os i t i v os d e ac c e s o
p or f i l t r ac i n d e r u t a
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
118
E j e m p l o : C a p a d e D i s t r i b u c i n e n l a R e d d e C a m p u s
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
119
C ap a C or e
L a f u nc i n d e l a c a p a c ore e s p rov e e r t ra ns p ort e d e d a t os rp i d o y e f i c i e nt e q u e :
Fo rma u n b ack b o ne rpid o co n se rvicio s d e t ranspo rt e rpid o s Pro ve a re d u nd ancia y t o l e rancia d e f al l o s Of re z ca b u e na mane j ab il id ad No t a : La capa Co re d e b e ra e vit ar l a manipu l acin d e paq u e t e po r f il t racin o co mpro b acin d e l ist a d e acce so .
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
120
E j e m p l o : C o nm u t a c i n M u l t i c a p a e n e l C o r e d e C a m p u s
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
121
E j e m p l o : R o u t i ng e n l a R e d W AN
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
122
P R I NC I P I O S D E D I S E O
D E R E D E S
J E R R Q U I C AS
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P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
Si
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123
D i seo de Red J er r q u i c o
Access D i st r i b u t i o n
Co m p o nent es b s i c o s d e l a t o p o l o g a m o d ul ares
Si Si
Jerarqua c ad a c ap a t i ene un p ap el es p ec f i c o
C o re D i st r i b u t i o n
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P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
P ro m uev e m o d el o s d e t rf i c o d et erm i ni s t as
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124
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
Cap a d e E nl ac e d e d at os / Mu l t i c ap a A lto Me d i o Me d i o B aj o
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
125
Ve l o cid ad d e Co ne x iny para se rvid o re s y e nl ace s Caract e rist icas ad icio nal e s co mo Q o S y IP mu l t icast De spl ie g u e d e VLAN
Re d u nd ancia
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
126
Mane j o d e t ru nk s e nt re
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
127
U sa r R P V S T + p a r a l a mej o r co nv er g enci a .
Ms c omn e n e l c e nt r o d e d at os
R e q u e r i d o p ar a p r ot e g e r c ont r a b u c l e s d e l l ad o d e u s u ar i o
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
128
C i sc o S T P H er r am i ent as
P ort F ast : E v it a l a f ase d e apre nd iz aj e d e l pue rt o d e acce so * U pl ink F ast : Tre s a cinco se gund os d e conv e rge ncia d e spus d e l a cad a d e e nl ace
B ack b one F ast : C ort a e l t ie m po d e C onv e rge ncia por m ax _ age para f al l o ind ire ct o
L oopG uard : I m pid e a un pue rt o supl e nt e o raz h ace rse d e signad o e n l a ause ncia d e B P D U s*
129
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
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130
C ap a 3 I nt er c onex i n de A c c eso a di st r i b u c i n
d e re d .
Re d u nd ancia.
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
132
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
133
H SRP, VRRP, y G LBP pro po rcio na t e mpo riz ad o re s d e mil ise g u nd o y re nd imie nt o d e co nve rg e ncia e x ce l e nt e H SRP co mn e n amb ie nt e s Cisco VRRP si ne ce sit amo s int e ro pe rab il id ad d e mu l t ive nd e d o r
Pro po rcio na u n g at e w ay po r d e f e ct o re sist e nt e o d ire ccin d e l prime r sal t o a l o s e q u ipo s f inal e s co n H SRP, VRRP, o G LBP
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
134
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
135
E j e m p l o : C o ns t r u y a T r i ng u l o s R e d u nd a nt e s
L os e nl ac e s
B as ad o e n H ar d w ar e l a r e c u p e r ac i n al c ami no ant e r i or e s r p i d a .
r e d u nd ant e s d e i g u al c os t e d e c ap a 3 s op or t an c onv e r g e nc i a r p i d a .
136
I nt er c onex i n de D i st r i b u c i n C ap a 3
P r ct i ca r eco mend a d a
N inguna conv e rge ncia S TP re q ue rid a por f al l o y re cupe racin d e l e nl ace Mape ar num e ros d e V L AN C apa 2 a sub re d e s C apa 3 uso y m ane j o
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d . C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
E nl ace d e d ist rib ucin a d ist rib ucin re q ue rid o para sum ariz acin d e rut a para f acil id ad d e
137
A l t er nat i v a: I nt er c onex i n de D i st r i b u c i n C ap a 2
U sar sl o si se re q uie re f l e x ib il id ad d e V L AN
C onv e rge ncia d e S TP re q ue rid a para f al l o y re cupe racin d e e nl ace s Ms com pl e j o porq ue l a raz d e S TP y H S R P d e b e ran coincid ir E nl ace d e d ist rib ucin a d ist rib ucin re q ue rid o para sum ariz acin d e rut a
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d . C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
C apa 2
138
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
139
E j e m p l o : D i s e o d e C a m p u s G r a nd e c o n S w i t c h M u l t i c a p a e n B a c k b o ne
Re d u cir l o s pe e rs d e sw it ch ml t icapa G ran Escal ab il id ad To po l o g a sin b u cl e s spanning -t re e
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
140
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
141
D i seo de B or de de D i st r i b u c i n
Dist rib u cin t ie ne n q u e pro t e g e r e l campu s co re d e : Lo s sw it ch e s d e b o rd e d e
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
142
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
143
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
144
R E D E S C O NVE R G E NT E S , I M P LE M E NT AR VO Z E N LAN.
A c c es s D i s t ri b ut i o n Co re
Si Si Si Si Si Si
C a p a d e d i st r i b u ci n
A l t a D i s p o ni b i l i d a d re d u nd a nc i a , c o nv e rg e nc i a rp i d a I m p o s i c i n d e p o l t i c a s Q o S : p ro g ra m a c i n, l i m i t e s d e c o nf i a nz a y c l a s i f i c a c i n A l t a D i s p o ni b i l i d a d re d u nd a nc i a , c o nv e rg e nc i a rp i d a Q o S : p ro g ra m a c i n, l i m i t e s d e c o nf i a nz a
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
Si
Si
C o re
D i s t ri b ut i o n A c c es s
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
Si
Si Si Si
Si
Si
W A N
D ata Center
I nter net
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
145
I nt eg r ac i n de I nf r aest r u c t u r a
Ex t e nd ie nd o l o s l imit e s d e Re d
E l Sw itch D escu b r e el T el f ono I P y A p l ica al imentacin T r ansaccin CD P E ntr e T el f ono y Sw itch T el f ono I P asig nad o en l a V L A N A p r op iad a P eticin D H CP y R eg istr o en Cal l M anag er
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
146
I nt eg r ac i n de I nf r aest r u c t u r a: Pr i m er Paso
Cl as e
0
Mni m o s N i v el es d e P o t enc i a d e s al i d a en el P S E
1 5 .4 W 4 .0W 1 5 .4 W T r a t a d o c o m o Cl a s e 0
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
N i v el es d e P o t enc i a Mx i m o s en el D i s p o s i t i v o al i m ent ad o
0.4 4 a 1 2 .9 5 W 0.4 4 a 3 .8 4 W 6 .4 9 a 1 2 .9 5 W 3 .8 4 a 6 .4 9 W
O pc i o na l O pc i o na l O pc i o na l R e s e rv a d o pa r a F u t u r o U s o
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
7 .0W
R e s e r v a d o pa r a F u t u r o U s o : u na Cl a s e 4 no P u e d e S e r A l i m e nt a d o po r u n D i s po s i t i v o c o n P o E
147
P S E P o S o u r ce E q u C i sco 6 5 0 0 3 7 5 0 , 3 5
N eg oc i ac i n de A l i m ent ac i n m ej or ada
Se A l imenta el d isp ositiv o T el f ono T r ansmite u n CD P P ow er N eg otiation P ack et ind icand o Su M od o Sw itch E nv a u n CD P R esp onse con u na P eticin d e P otencia B asad o en l as Cap acid ad es I nter camb iad as Se d eter mina l a A sig nacin d e P otencia F inal
P D P o w er ed D ev i ce C i sco 7 9 7 0
U sand o u n int e rcamb io b id ire ccio nal d e CDP l as e x ig e ncias d e po t e ncia e x act as so n ne g o ciad as d e spu s d e l arranq u e inicial
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d . C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
148
U se l a cal cul ad ora d e pot e ncia para d e t e rm inar e x ige ncias d e pot e ncia
h t t p: / / w w w .c i s c o .c o m / g o / po w e r c a l c u l a t o r
149
C i sc o Pow er C al c u l at or
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
150
E j e m p l o : R e s u m e n d e C o ns u m o d e P o t e nc i a
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
151
E j e m p l o : D e t a l l e s d e S u m i ni s t r o d e E ne r g a
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
152
E j e m p l o : D e t a l l e s d e C o nf i g u r a c i n
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
153
8 0 2 .1 Q enca p su l a t i o n w i t h 8 0 2 .1 p L a y er 2 C o S
N a t i v e V L AN ( P V I D ) N i ng n C a mb i o d e C o nf i g u r a ci n N ecesa r i a en el P C
154
S ob r ec ar g a de E nl ac es en el C am p u s
Tpica 4 : 1 S ob re S uscripcin d e D at os Tipica 2 0 : 1 S ob re S uscripcin d e D at os
Co r e Di s t r i b u t i o n A c c e s s
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
155
E nd -t o -E nd Q o S
U sa ml t i p l es co l a s co n cr i t er i o s d e a d mi si n y p r o g r a ma ci n co nf i g u r a b l es.
H a ce cu mp l i r p o l t i ca s Q o S en l o s p u nt o s d e a g r eg a ci n y p u nt o s d e t r a nsi ci n.
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
156
1 G b L ink
D is t r ib u t io n S w it c h
L AN
R at e Transit ion Q ue ue d
1 0 0 Mb L ink
A c c e s s S w itc h
L os paq ue t e s son re cib id os m s rpid o d e l o q ue son t ransm it id os . L os paq ue t e s son e ncol ad os m ie nt ras e spe ran a se r t ransm it id os por e nl ace s m s l e nt os.
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d . C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
157
Pap el de Q oS en el C am p u s
Q oS p rot e g e s l o re a l m e nt e m s a l a v oz y a l v d e o :
Pr o t e j a e l B u e n o y Ca s t i g u e e l M a l o
Of re ce u n co mpro miso d e q u e h ay al me no s al g u no s re cu rso s d e re d d ispo nib l e s para e l t rf ico d e max imo e sf u e rz o Pu e d e id e nt if icar y po t e ncial me nt e cast ig ar e l t rf ico f u e ra d e pe rf il (g u sano s po t e ncial e s , DDOS, e t c.) Acce ss Dist rib u t io n Co re -Co l o carl o s e n u na cl ase Scave ng e r co n e l me no r se rvicio d e co l a co nf ig u rab l e (CS1 ) Vo ice Dat a Scave ng e r
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
Vo ice
Dat a Scave ng e r
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
158
R e gul ar
E l t r f i co S ca t i ene q u e ser a a su p r o p i a co u mb r a l es b a j o
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
R X R X R X
S c a v e ng e r Co l a d e s c a r te A g r e s iv a
T X
V o ic e
R X
V o ic e P u e s ta e n Co l a S e ns i b l e R e t r a s o -y-d e s c a r t e
159
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
C O M P O NE NT E S D E LAS R E D E S D E Vo I P
C om p onent es de T el ef ona I P
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
160
O b j et i v os de D i seo de T el ef ona I P
H ace r l a t e l e f o na IP e x t e nsame nt e u t il iz ab l e H ace r l a t e l e f o na IP re nt ab l e Baj ar g ast o s d e l l amad as a l arg a d ist ancia U sar l a t e l e f o na IP d e pu nt a a pu nt a e nt re sit io s co n co ne ct ivid ad IP
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
161
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
162
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
163
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
164
Co nve rsacin d e vo z :
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
165
S C C P C ont r ol
Lo s cl ie nt e s SCCP se re g ist ran co n Cisco U nif ie d Cal l Manag e r para re cib ir su inf o rmacin d e co nf ig u racin . Las U nio ne s d e me d io s e nt re cl ie nt e s SCCP u san RTP.
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
166
S I P C ont r ol
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
167
MG C P C ont r ol
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
168
DA
Diseo d e L A N
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
169
D I S E O
D E L A N
C O N T E N I DO S
1.- C A R A C T E R S T I C A S D E L T R F I C O D E V O Z Y D A T O S . 2 .- F L U J O 3 .- Q O S Y E L T R F I C O
D E L L A M A D A D E V oI P. D E V O Z .
4 .- I M PO R T A N C I A D E L A A L T A D I S PO N I B I L I D A D PA R A V oI P.
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
170
C AR AC T E R S T I C AS D E L T R F I C O D AT O S
L a te n c ia 1 7 -1 0 6 b a n d a g a ra n t p o r lla 1 5 0 o v e b a n t r f v o z J itte r <3 0 m s * Pr d i d a <1 % * <1 5 0 m s *
E x i g enc i as de T r f i c o: V oz
D E VO Z Y
*ex
b p rh e d a ic o p o
k b p s a n c h o d e d e p r io r id a d iz a d o m a d a s (+ a d ) g a r d e r lla
L a y e r 2 a n c h o d e a n tiz a d o p a r a c o n tr o l d e la m a d a
171
i g enc i as d e d i rec c i n ni c a
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d . C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
+ 2 0 %
*ex
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
172
E x i g enc i as de T r f i c o : D at os
Las ap lic ac iones diferent es t ienen c arac t erst ic as de t rfic o diferent es .
Las diferent es v ersiones de la m ism a ap lic ac in p u eden t ener c arac t erst ic as de t rfic o diferent es .
E s nec esaria la c lasific ac in de A p lic ac iones seg n su s nec esidades p ara p oder darlas u n t rat am ient o diferent e
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
173
F ac t or es q u e A f ec t an a l a C al i dad del A u di o
1 . Fid e l id ad : e x act it u d d e au d io o cal id ad . Eco : Po r l o g e ne ral d e b id o a inco mpat ib il id ad d e impe d ancia.
Ru id o d e f o nd o : e l ru id o d e vo l u me n b aj o o d o e n l a co nve rsacin.
Re t raso : Tie mpo q u e t ard a l a se al e n pro pag arse d e u n e x t re mo al o t ro d e l a co nve rsacin. Prd id a d e paq u e t e : Prd id a d e paq u e t e s e n l a re d .
J it t e r: Variacin e n l a l l e g ad a d e paq u e t e s d e vo z .
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
174
J i t t er en Redes de I P
Cor r i e nt e E s t ab l e d e P aq u e t e s
T i e mp o
Mi s ma Cor r i e nt e d e P aq u e t e D e s p u s d e A t as c o o E nc ol ad o I mp r op i o
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
175
R o u te r
F ix e d Co d e r D e la y F ix e d : P a c k e tiz a tio n D e la y
F ix e d : S e r ia liz a t io n D e la y V a O Q u D r ia b le : u t pu t e u i ng e la y
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
176
Ret r aso A c ep t ab l e : G . 1 1 4
Val o r e n Mil ise g u nd o s
01 5 0 1 5 04 00
De scripcin
A c e p t ab l e p ar a l a may or p ar t e d e ap l i c ac i one s d e u s u ar i o
E nc i ma 4 00
I nac ob j e al g u e x c e
A c e p t ab l e , a c ond i c i n d e q u e l os ad mi ni s t r ad or e s s e an c ons c i e nt e s d e l t i e mp o d e t r ans mi s i n y s u i mp ac t o e n l a c al i d ad d e t r ans mi s i n d e ap l i c ac i one s d e u s u ar i o e p t ab l e p ar a l a r e d g e ne r al q u e p l ane a t i v os (s i n E mb ar g o, e s r e c onoc i d o q u e e n nos c as os e x c e p c i onal e s , e s t e l mi t e s e r d i d o.)
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
177
E f ec t o de Pr di da de Paq u et e
P e r d id ad e A u d io
P ac k e t 1
L os t P ac k e t 2
P ac k e t 3
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
178
Vo IP g e ne ral me nt e t o l e ra re t ard o s d e h ast a 1 5 0 ms ant e s d e q u e l a cal id ad d e l a l l amad a se d e g rad e . El u so d e u n b u f f e r inst ant ne o cau sa variacin d e l re t ard o e n l a misma co rrie nt e d e vo z .
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
179
J it t e r
U s e B uf f ers d e d ej i t t er.
P ri o ri z ar P aquet es d e v o z .
Cal c ul e ex i g enc i as d e anc h o d e b and a, i nc l uy end o v o z , S eal i z ac i n, S o b rec arg a, y d at o s . D i s ee l a red p ara m i ni m i z ar l a c o ng es t i n. P ri o ri z ar P aquet es d e v o z .
180
Pro b l e ma Fiab il id ad
C u e s t i o ne s y S o l u c i o ne s p a r a Vo I P e n u na R e d C o nv e r g e nt e ( C o nt )
So l u cin
P ro p o rc i o ne red und anc i a p ara l o s i g ui ent e: H ard w are E nl ac es
Se g u rid ad
A s eg ure l o s c o m p o nent es s i g ui ent es : I nf raes t ruc t ura d e red P unt o s Fi nal es A p l i c ac i o nes S i s t em as que t rat an l l am ad a
A l i m ent ac i n ( U P S )( S A I )
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
181
MO S y PS Q M
MOS Re su l t ad o d e o pinin me d io
PSQ M
Pu nt u acio ne s d e 1 (pe o r) a 5 (me j o r); 4 .0 e s l a cal id ad Ace pt ab l e Me d id a d e Cal id ad d e Vo z Pe rce pt u al De f inid o e n Est nd ar ITU Me d id a d e pe rf e ccio namie nt o au t o mat iz ad a Pu nt u acio ne s d e 6 .5 (pe o r) a 0 (me j o r) P.8 6 1
Cau sa me d id as su b j e t ivas
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
182
C om p ar ac i n de Medi da de C al i dad de V oz
R asgo MO S P S Q M
Mt od o d e p r u e b a
O b je tiv o N o N o
P r u e b a d e p r d i d a d e p aq u e t e d e p u nt a a p u nt a
P r u e b a d e j i t t e r d e p u nt a a p u nt a
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
183
C odec s
L o co L o o r V a ca L o s cd e cs r r ie n te d e s cd e cs D to A . r i o s e s t n r g a t i l d e s co d e cs G . 7 1 1 G . 7 2 2 G . 7 2 6 G . 7 2 8 G . 7 2 9 G . 7 2 3 . 1 G S M F R i L B C r e a l i z a n l a co d i f i ca ci n y d e co d i f i ca ci n e n u n a d a t o s d i g i t a l o s e a l . t r a d u ce n s t r e a m s V o I P e n o t r o f o r m a t o : A t o D , D t o D , d a r e s d e cd e c d e f i n e n e l r a t i o d e co m p r e s i n d e l a v o z . s o p o r t a d o s p o r C i s co i n cl u y e n :
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
184
A n ch o d e b a n d a 6 4 k b /s 6 4 k b /s 3 2 k b /s 3 2 k b /s 2 4 k b /s 2 4 k b /s 1 6 k b /s 1 6 k b /s 1 6 k b /s 1 6 k b /s 8 k b /s 8 k b /s
T a m a o d e M u e s tra 2 4 0 1 6 0 1 2 0 8 0 8 0 6 0 8 0 4 0 8 0 4 0 4 0 2 0 4 8 2 4 4 0 2 0
P a q u e te s 3 3 5 0 3 3 5 0 2 5 3 3 2 5 5 0 1 3 2 5 2 5 5 0 1 6 3 3 1 7 3 3
185
6 .3 k b / s 6 .3 k b / s 5 .3 k b / s 5 .3 k b / s
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
G .7 2 3 r 5 3
S ob r ec ar g a c ap a 2
PPP: 6 b y t e s o f o ve rh e ad Et h e rne t II: 1 8 b y t e s o f o ve rh e ad
MP: 6 b y t e s o f o ve rh e ad
FRF.1 2 Lay e r 2 h e ad e r: 6 b y t e s o f o ve rh e ad
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
186
S ob r ec ar g a de S eg u r i dad y T u nnel i ng
IPse c: 5 0 t o 5 7 b y t e s MLP: 6 b y t e s MPLS: 4 b y t e s L2TP o r G RE: 24 b y t e s
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
187
T amao d e Mu e s t r a
B yt e s
240 160 120 80 80 60 80 40 80 40 40 20 48 24 40 20
G . 711 G . 711 G . 726r 32 G . 726r 32 G 726r 24 G . 726r 24 G . 726r 16 G . 726r 16 G . 728 G . 728 G . 729 G . 729 G . 723r 63 G . 723r 63 G . 723r 53 G . 723r 53
B i t s po r S e g u nd o
76, 267 82, 40 0 44, 267 50 , 40 0 37, 80 0 42, 40 0 25, 20 0 34, 40 0 25, 20 0 34, 40 0 17, 20 0 26, 40 0 12, 338 18, 375 11, 395 17, 490
F r ame R e l ay
F r ame R e l ay c on c R T P
B i t s po r S e g u nd o
66, 133 67, 20 0 34, 133 35, 20 0 26, 40 0 27, 20 0 17, 60 0 19, 20 0 17, 60 0 19, 20 0 960 0 11, 20 0 7350 840 0 6360 7420
E t h e r ne t
B i t s po r S e g u nd o
79, 467 87, 20 0 47, 467 55, 20 0 41, 40 0 47, 20 0 27, 60 0 39, 20 0 27, 60 0 39, 20 0 19, 60 0 31, 20 0 13, 913 21, 525 12, 985 20 , 670 188
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
E f ec t os de V A D
Cd e c G .7 1 1 G .7 1 1 G .7 2 6 r 3 2 G .7 2 6 r 3 2 G 7 2 6 r2 4 G .7 2 6 r 2 4 G .7 2 6 r 1 6 G .7 2 6 r 1 6 G .7 2 8 G .7 2 8 G .7 2 9 G .7 2 9 G .7 2 3 r 6 3 G .7 2 3 r 6 3 G .7 2 3 r 5 3 G .7 2 3 r 5 3
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
V e l ocid a d d e Cd e c 6 4 ,0 0 0 6 4 ,0 0 0 3 2 ,0 0 0 3 2 ,0 0 0 2 4 ,0 0 0 2 4 ,0 0 0 1 6 ,0 0 0 1 6 ,0 0 0 1 6 ,0 0 0 1 6 ,0 0 0 8 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 6 3 0 0 6 3 0 0 5 3 0 0 5 3 0 0
T a m a o d e M u e s tra 2 4 0 1 6 0 1 2 0 8 0 8 0 6 0 8 0 4 0 8 0 4 0 4 0 2 0 4 8 2 4 4 0 2 0
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
F r ame R e l ay
7 6 ,2 6 7 8 2 ,4 0 0 4 4 ,2 6 7 5 0 ,4 0 0 3 7 ,8 0 0 4 2 ,4 0 0 2 5 ,2 0 0 3 4 ,4 0 0 2 5 ,2 0 0 3 4 ,4 0 0 1 7 ,2 0 0 2 6 ,4 0 0 1 2 ,3 3 8 1 8 ,3 7 5 1 1 ,3 9 5 1 7 ,4 9 0
F r ame R e l ay con
4 9 ,5 7 3 5 3 ,5 6 0 2 8 ,7 7 3 3 2 ,7 6 0 2 4 ,5 7 0 2 7 ,5 6 0 1 6 ,3 8 0 2 2 ,3 6 0 1 6 ,3 8 0 2 2 ,3 6 0 1 1 ,1 8 0 1 7 ,1 6 0 1 1 ,9 4 4 1 1 ,3 6 9
189
V A D
8 0 1 9 7 4 0 7
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
F LU J O
Pr ot oc ol os de S eal i z ac i n
D es c ri p c i n P r ot oc ol o e s t nd ar d e I T U p ar a c omu ni c ac i n i nt e r ac t i v a; d e s ar r ol l ad o d e H .3 2 0 I S D N e s t nd ar ; f l e x i b l e , c omp l e j o
D E LLAM AD A D E Vo I P
E s t nd ar d e I E T F p ar a c ont r ol d e g at e w ay P S T N ; c ont r ol d e d i s p os i t i v o d e l e g ad o
P r ot oc ol o p r op i e t ar i o d e Ci s c o u s ad o e nt r e CU CM y t e l f onos V oI P Ci s c o
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
190
H . 323
H .3 2 3 s u i t e :
Apro b ad o e n 1 9 9 6 po r e l ITU -T .
H .3 23 g at e w ay s nu nca so n re g ist rad o s co n Cisco U nif ie d Co mmu nicat io ns Manag e r; sl o l a d ire ccin IP e st d ispo nib l e para co nf irmar q u e l a co mu nicacin e s po sib l e .
Ex t e nsame nt e u sad o co n g at e w ay s, g at e k e e pe rs, o cl ie nt e s d e t e rce ro s H .3 23 , so b re t o d o t e rminal e s d e vd e o e n Cisco U nif ie d Co mmu nicat io ns.
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
191
MG C P
Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP):
IETF RFC 27 0 5 d e sarro l l ad o e n 1 9 9 9 . El pro t o co l o d e cl ie nt e / se rvid o r q u e pe rmit e q u e u n d ispo sit ivo d e co nt ro l d e l a l l amad a t o me e l co nt ro l d e u n pu e rt o e spe cf ico e n u n g at e w ay . Para q u e o cu rra u na int e raccin MG CP co n Cisco U nif ie d Co mmu nicat io ns Manag e r, h ay q u e ase g u rarse q u e e l Cisco IOS so f t w are o e l sist e ma o pe rat ivo Cisco Cat al y st e s co mpat ib l e co n l a ve rsin d e Cisco U nif ie d Co mmu nicat io ns Manag e r. MG CP ve rsio n 0 .1 e s so po rt ad o e n Cisco U nif ie d Co mmu nicat io ns Manag e r. El co nce pt o PRI b ack h au l e s u no d e l o s co nce pt o s ms po d e ro so s e n l a impl e me nt acin MG CP co n Cisco U nif ie d Co mmu nicat io ns Manag e r. BRI b ack h au l ing e s impl e me nt ad o e n ve rsio ne s d e Cisco IOS .
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d . C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
192
S IP
S e s s i on I ni t i a t i on Prot oc ol (S I P):
IETF RFC 25 4 3 (1 9 9 9 ), RFC 3 26 1 (20 0 2), and RFC 3 6 6 5 (20 0 3 ). Basad o e n l a l g ica d e l W o rl d W id e W e b .
pro t o co l o Pe e r-t o -pe e r d o nd e l o s d ispo sit ivo s f inal e s (ag e nt e s d e u su ario ) inician se sio ne s. b asad o e n e l t e x t o ASCII para f cil re al iz acin y d e pu racin . Lo s g at e w ay s SIP nu nca so n re g ist rad o s co n Cisco U nif ie d Co mmu nicat io ns Manag e r; sl o l a d ire ccin IP e st d ispo nib l e para co nf irmar q u e l a co mu nicacin e s po sib l e .
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
193
S C C P
S k i nny C a l l C ont rol Prot oc ol (S C C P):
Pro t o co l o d e co nt ro l d e t e rminal pat e nt ad o po r Cisco .
Pro t o co l o d e e st mu l o : Para cad a aco nt e cimie nt o , e l d ispo sit ivo f inal e nva u n me nsaj e a Cisco U nif ie d Co mmu nicat io ns Manag e r. La nat u ral e z a pro pie t aria pe rmit e ad icio ne s rpid as y camb io s. Pu e d e se r u sad o para co nt ro l ar pu e rt o s FX S d e g at e w ay .
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
194
C om p ar ac i n de Pr ot oc ol os
H .3 2 3 s u i t e :
Pro t o co l o Pe e r-t o -pe e r
Ej e mpl o s : Cisco VG 224 Anal o g Ph o ne G at e w ay (sl o FX S) y , Cisco 28 0 0 Se rie s y , Cisco 3 8 0 0 Se rie s ro u t e rs.
P S TN H .3 2 3 Q .9 2 1 Q .9 3 1
195
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
C om p ar ac i n de Pr ot oc ol os (C ont . )
MG CP:
Trab aj a e n una arq uit e ct ura d e cl ie nt e / se rv id or C onf iguracin sim pl if icad a C isco U nif ie d C om m unicat ions Manage r m ant ie ne e l pl an d e m arcad o E j e m pl o C isco C at al y st ope rat ing sy st e m MG C P : C isco C at al y st 6 0 0 0 W S -X 6 6 0 8 -T1 y C at al y st 6 0 0 0 w s-X 6 6 0 8 -E 1 P S TN MG C P Q .9 2 1
Q .9 3 1
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
196
C om p ar ac i n de Pr ot oc ol os (C ont . )
SIP: Pro t o co l o Pe e r-t o -pe e r.
Co nf ig u racin ne ce saria d e G at e w ay po rq u e l a pasare l a d e b e mant e ne r e l pl an d e marcad o y e l e nru t amie nt o d e l l amad a. Ej e mpl o s : Cisco 28 0 0 Se rie s y Cisco 3 8 0 0 Se rie s ro u t e rs.
P S TN S IP Q .9 2 1 Q .9 3 1
197
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
C om p ar ac i n de Pr ot oc ol os (C ont . )
S C C P
Trab aj a e n u na arq u it e ct u ra d e cl ie nt e / se rvid o r . Cisco U nif ie d Co mmu nicat io ns Manag e r mant ie ne e l pl an d e marcad o y ru t as d e l l amad a.
Ej e mpl o s : Cisco VG 224 (so l o FX S) y , Cisco VG 24 8 Anal o g Vo ice G at e w ay s, Cisco ATA 1 8 6 , y Cisco 28 0 0 Se rie s ro u t e rs co n pu e rt o s FX S.
P S TN
S C C P
S CCP E nd po i nt
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d . C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
FXS
198
I T U -T H . 323 Stand ar d A nal og P h ones G atew ays V id eo T er minal s Comp u ter T el ep h ony I nteg r ation/ Q u ick B u f f er E ncod ing
SCC P
S IP
Cal l A g ents
A p p l ications Ser v er s ( J T A P I / CT I )
199
S e a l i z a c i n d e P r o t o c o l o s
G a t ew a y s D S P R esou r ces
Conf/ X c od e
I nf r aest r u c t u r a de U C
Unified CM E Ca r r ier s/ O t h er V endor s P B X s Unified CM 5 .x /6 .x
U ni f i ed CM 5 .x / 6 .x
M icr osoft L CS IB M S a m et im e
CT I A p p s
Cisco a nd rd 3 -p a r t y P h ones
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
IP n la tra s 3 , M
a t iv o y l n e a con M a n t ie n e e l G CP ,
S CCP M G CP H . 32 3 CT I S IP /S IM P L E CS T A ov er S I P
20 0
I nf r aest r u c t u r a de U C
in g b a c k )
M e d ia
U nified CM
Med i a (R T P S t r e am)
I P P h one B
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d . C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
20 1
I nf r aest r u c t u r a de U C
in g b a c k )
d i a (O L C )
Med i a (R T P S t r e am)
I P P h one B
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d . C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
20 2
I nf r aest r u c t u r a de U C
E l P roce sam ie nt o e s e se ncial m e nt e e l m ism o e n e st e m od e l o d e d e spl ie gue com o e n e l caso d e sit io nico; e l I P h ace l a t e cnol oga m s ind e pe nd ie nt e d e l a t opol oga
I P P h one A
U nified CM IPW A N
Co ns u l t a d e P l a n d e M a rc a d o
Med i a
I P P h one B
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d . C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
20 3
I nf r aest r u c t u r a de U C
S i g nal i ng L eg 2
I P T r u nk Ca l l S e t u p A l e r t i ng Co nne c t
U ni f i ed CM Cl us t er 1
U ni f i ed CM Cl us t er 2
Co ns u l t a d e P l a n d e M a rc a d o
IP W A N
Med i a
I P P h one A
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d . C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
I P P h one B
20 4
I nf r aest r u c t u r a de U C
Co ns u l t a d e P l a n d e M a rc a d o
S i g nal i ng L eg 3 U ni f i ed CM Cl us t er 2
Co ns u l t a d e P l a n d e M a rc a d o
U ni f i ed CM Cl us t er 1
Sig
IP W A N
Med i a
ng nali
5 Leg
I P P h one A
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d . C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
I P P h one B
20 5
I nt r a -C l u s t e r
Co ns u l t a d e P l a n d e M a rc a d o
I nf r aest r u c t u r a de U C
S i g nal i ng L eg 1
IP W A N
S i g nal i ng L eg 2
I P P h one A
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
Med i a (R T P S t r e am)
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
I P P h one B
20 6
QUOS Y EL TRF I C O D E V OZ
Perfiles de Trfic o y E x ig enc ia s
Vi d eo -Co nf
D at a
C o ns tante/r af ag as B eni g no /ag r es i v o I ns ens i b l e d es car te I ns ens i b l e Retar d o r etr ans m i s i o nes T C P
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
D ef i ni c i n de Q oS
L a h a s e r v ic io d e u s u d e o tro b ilid a e s p e a r io s s u s u d d e la c ia l o m o a p lic a a r io s o re d p a ra e jo r a d o c i o ne s e a p lic a c io p ro v e a u nc nd e tr ne s o e r u n o nj u nt o i m e nt o a m b o s
V o z -V i d e o -Da t o s
R e nd i m i e nt o C o ns i s t e nt e y p r e d e c i b l e
20 8
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
C a r a c t er s t i c a s d e t r f i c o:
E l f l u j o d e v o z d e pe q u e o s pa q u e t e s c o ns t a nt e s c o m pi t e n c o n e l f l u j o d e d a t o s a g r e s i v o . E l t r f i c o c r t i c o d e b e c o ns e g u i r l a pr i o r i d a d . L a v o z y e l v d e o s o n s e ns i b l e s a l t i e m po .
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d . C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
L a s b r e v e s i nt e r r u pc i o ne s no s o n a c e pt a b l e s .
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
20 9
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
210
C ar enc i a de A nc h o de b anda
E l anc h o d e b and a mx i mo d i s p oni b l e e s i g u al al anc h o d ms l e nt o. F l u j os ml t i p l e s c omp i t e n p or e l mi s mo anc h o d e b and a, c mu c h o me nos anc h o d e b and a d i s p oni b l e p ar a u na ap l i c ac L a f al t a d e anc h o d e b and a p u e d e t e ne r i mp ac t os d e r e nd ap l i c ac i one s d e r e d .
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d . C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
e b and a d e l e nl ac e au s and o q u e h ay a i n s ol a. i mi e nt o e n
211
Me j or e E nv i ar Comp r Comp r
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
e l e nl ac e l os p aq u e i ma l a c ar i ma l a c ab
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
212
mu c h o ms ef i c i ent e:
es per a , el a nc h o d e b a nd a d i s poni b le pu ed e s er u s a d o d e u n mod o V oz : L L Q y com pre sin d e cab e ce ra R TP Trf ico int e ract iv o : C B W F Q y com pre sin d e cab e ce ra TC P
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
213
T i p os de D el ay
D el ay d e P r o ces am i ento : el ti em p o q u e tar d a u n r o u ter p ar a to m i nter f az d e entr ad a, ex am i nar l o , y p o ner l o en l a co l a d e s al i d a d el D el ay d e E nco l ad o : E l ti em p o q u e u n p aq u ete r es i d e en l a co l a d D el ay d e S er i al i z aci n: E l ti em p o q u e s e tar d a p ar a co l o car l o s D el ay d e P r o p ag aci n: E l ti em p o q u e tar d a el p aq u ete p ar a cr u z o r i g en al d es ti no .
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d . C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
E l I m p ac t o del D el ay en l a C al i dad
E n d -t o p ro c e s a J i t t e r d E n r e d m ie n tr a
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
-e n d m ie n e fin e e s d e s e l p
d e la y to , s e la v a m x ro c e s
ig r ia r ia im a m
u a l a la l i z a c i n c i n e n o e s fu e ie n to y
s u , y e l rz o e n
m a e n d e , la c o
d e to c o la d la y . p ro p la d o s
d a e l d e l a y d e p r o p a g a c i n , o d e l c a m in o . a g a c i n y l a s e r i a l i z a c i n s o n f i j a s , o n im p r e v is ib le s .
215
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
Modos de Redu c i r el D el ay
M e j o r e e E nv i a r l o H a b i l i t a r Co m pr i m Co m pr i m
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
l e nl a c s pa q u l a r e pr a la c a a la c a
e ( e l m e j o r pe r o t a m b i n l a s o l u c i n m s c a r a ) . e t e s i m po r t a nt e s pr i m e r o . i o r i z a c i n d e l o s pa q u e t e s m s i m po r t a nt e s . r g a t i l d e Ca pa 2 ( e s t o l l e v a t i e m po ) . b e c e r a d e l pa q u e t e I P .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
216
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
I m p ac t o de Pr di da de Paq u et es
I m p ac t o de Pr di da de Paq u et es (C ont . )
T a i l d r o p s o c u c o m u n e s y s u c M u c h o s o t r o s l a c o n g e s t i n d m e jo r a d e h a r d p r e v is to , e r r o r e
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
r r e n c u a n d o la c o e d e n c u a n d o u n e tip o s d e d e s c a r te e l r o u te r , a lg u n o s w a re (c o m o , d e s c s d e tra m a ).
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
la d e n la c e s o c u p o c o a rte s
s a lid e s ta rre n , c o m d e e
a e s ta lle n a .T a il d c o n g e s tio n a d o . p o r lo g e n e r a l c o m u n e s y p u e d e n re q n tr a d a , ig n o r e , e x c
ro p s s o n o r e s u lta d o d e u e r ir u n a e s o d e tie m p o
219
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
G a r a nt i c e b a s t a nt e a nc h o d e b a nd a a pa q u et es s ens i b les .
M ejor e el enla c e ( el mejor per o t a mb i n la s olu c i n ms c a r a ) . Pr ev eng a la c ong es t i n d es c a r t a nd o a lea t or i a ment e pa q u et es menos i mpor t a nt es a nt es d e q u e oc u r r a la c ong es t i n .
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d . C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
220
I m p l em ent ac i n de Q oS
1 . Id e nt if iq u e e l t rf ico y su s e x ig e ncias .
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
221
I dent i f i q u e T r f i c o y S u s E x i g enc i as
Au d it o ra d e re d : Id e nt if iq u e e l t rf ico e n l a re d . Au d it o ra co me rcial : De t e rmine l a impo rt ancia d e cad a t ipo d e t rf ico para e l ne g o cio . Nive l e s d e se rvicio re q u e rid o s: De t e rmine e l t ie mpo d e re spu e st a re q u e rid o .
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
222
L as E x i g enc i as de T i p os de T r f i c o D i f er ent es
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
223
Pol t i c as de Q oS
U na d e f inicin e n t o d a l a re d d e l o s nive l e s e spe cf ico s d e Q o S ad j u d icad o a d if e re nt e s cl ase s d e t rf ico d e re d
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
224
Por q u H ab i l i t ar Q oS en el C am p u s ?
Aum e nt ar e l anch o d e b and a para e v it ar conge st in re al m e nt e no ay ud a cuand o l a cue st in cl av e e s e l t am ao d e b uf f e r Q oS pe rm it e q ue e l t rf ico se nsib l e al d e scart e y al d e l ay se a e nv iad o con priorid ad S ob r eS u s c r i pc i n d e D a t os Tpi c a 4 :1 D ist rib u t ion S ob r eS u s c r i pc i n A c c ess d e D a t os Tpi c a 2 0 :1
= D ata = V o i ce
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d . C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
Core
Si
Si
C ong es t i n I ns t a nt nea d e I nt er f a z
Si
Si
225
H ab i l i t ando Q oS en el C am p u s
C la s i f i c a c i n: M a r c a r los Pa q u et es c on u na Pr i or i d a d Es pec f i c a q u e D enot e u n Ex i g enc i a pa r a C la s e d e S er v i c i o d e la R ed Lmi t e d e C onf i a nz a :D ef i na y r ef u er c e u n Lmi t e d e C onf i a nz a Pr og r a ma c i n: A d ju d i q u e Pa q u et es a U na d e la s M lt i ples C ola s ( B a s a d o en C la s i f i c a c i n) pa r a Tr a t a mi ent o es pec f i c o por la R ed A pr ov i s i ona mi ent o: C a lc u le el A nc h o d e b a nd a R eq u er i d o pa r a Tod a s la s A pli c a c i ones M s los Element os d e s ob r ec a r g a
U ni f i ed C M C l u s ter
PS TN
S RS T Ro u ter
IPW A N
C am p u s
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d . C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
B r anch O f f i ce
226
Dnd e E s t R e q u e r i d o Q o S De nt r o d e l C a m p u s ?
Fas tE th er net G i g ab i tE th er net T en G i g ab i tE th er net N o T r u s t + P o l i ci ng + Q u eu i ng C o nd i ti o nal T r u s t + P o l i ci ng + Q u eu i ng T r u s t D S C P + Q u eu i ng P er -U s er M i cr o f l o w P o l i ci ng + C o P P C i s co C atal ys t 6 5 0 0 P FC 3
W A N
A g g r eg ato r
S er v er Far m s
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
I P P h o nes + P C s
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
I P P h o nes + P C s
227
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
Q oS en el C am p u s
CoS = 5
Voic e CoS = 5
P1
A c c es s S w itc h
CoS = 0
Pr i or i t y Q D a ta Q s
D at a
PC
228
E nd p o i nt s
Co re
Si
W A N
A g g reg at o rs
Los d i s pos i t i v os f i a b les ms ex t r emos r epr es ent a n el lmi t e d e c onf i a nz a 1 Lmi t e d e C onf i a nz a pt i mo: End poi nt F i a b le C onf a n en u n d i s pos i t i v o s i es t e c la s i f i c a pa q u et es c or r ec t a ment e
Pa r a la es c a la b i li d a d , la c la s i f i c a c i n d eb er a s er h ec h a t a n c er c a d el or i g en c omo s ea pos i b le
Lm it e de Confianz a
2 3
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
Lmi t e d e C onf i a nz a S u b pt i mo U s a r S lo s i el S w i t c h d e a c c es o no pu ed e r ea li z a r la c la s i f i c a c i n
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d . C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
229
Q oS en el C am p u s: S w i t c h Por t A u t oQ oS
AutoQoS p e r m i te l a a p l i c a c i n d e un j ue g o p r e d e f i n i d o d e d e c l a r a c i on e s QoS a un i n te r f a z c on un a or d e n d e C L I
T E C V V T -1 0 0 0 P1 4 r e 4 s 0 e 9 n _ t 0 a 4 t i _ o 2 n 0 _ 0 I D 8 _ c 1
2 0 0 86 C i s c o S y s t e m s , I n c . A l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
230
A u t oQ oS en S w i t c h de C ap a de A c c eso
E j em p lo de A u t o Q o S : Mo delo de Vo I P
V V LA N + D S C P E F N o V V LA N + D S C P C S 3 N o D V LA N A N Y Y es P r i nci p i o C o nf e y T r ans m i ta V O Z
Y es
C o nf e y T r ans m i ta S E A LI Z A C I N
Trf ico d e S e al iz acin id e nt if icad o por Q oS v al or( D S C P ) , e ncol ad o y t ransm it id o Tod o e l Trf ico d e D at os t ie ne e l v al or d e D S C P re m arcad o a 0 y e s t ransm it id o L as Macros Aut oQ oS pue d e n se r conf igurad as y apl icad as a pue rt os, p.e j . Aut oQ oS para V oz , V d e o, D at os C om e rcial e s y l os D at os d e m x im o E sf ue rz o
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d . C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
231
P S T N
S RS T Ro u ter Rem o te S i te Ro u ter / G atew ay C entr al S i te
IP W A N
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
232
Q oS en l a W A N
PS TN
S RS T Ro u ter
IPW A N
C am p u s
C O D EC G .7 2 9 A : 2 5 ms
Q u eu i ng
V a r i a b le
S er i a li z a c i on
Pr opa g a c i n y R ed 6 .3 s / K m + D ela y d e R ed
(V ar i ab l e)
S u cu r s al
J i t t er B u f f er 2 0 5 0 ms
En d -t o -En d D e l a y ( A s p i r a r < 1 5 0 m s )
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d . C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
233
Q oS i n t h e W A N
H i g h Q ual i t y 0 T i m e ( m s ec ) 1 00
Fax R el ay , B ro ad c as t 6 00 7 00 8 00
D elay Pu nt o de p art ida p ara Vdeo D elay O b j et iv o p ara Voz ( Tot al, I nc lu so Lat enc ia)
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
234
W i r eles s I nt er net V PN
Telet r a b a ja d or es
C a lid a d d e V o z d e Mx i m o E s f u e r z o
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
235
Q oS en l a W A N
LLQ
= 3 3 %
S u ma d e Tr f i c o = 7 5 %
C a pa c i d a d d e Enla c e
R es er v a d o
Cap ac i d ad d e E nl ac e = ( Mi n B W
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
p ara Vo z + Mi n B W
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
p ara Vd eo + Mi n B W
p ara D at o s )/ 0.7 5
236
Q oS en l a W A N
E l A p ro v isio na m ient o de A nc h o de b a nda p a ra Trfic o de v o z
CO D E C G .7 1 1 / G 7 2 2 -6 4 k G .7 1 1 / G 7 2 2 -6 4 k G .7 2 9 A G .7 2 9 A V e l oc i d ad d e mu e s t r e o 2 0 ms e c 3 0 ms e c 2 0 ms e c 3 0 ms e c Car g a t i l d e V oz e n B y t e s 1 6 0 2 4 0 2 0 3 0 P aq u e t e s p or S e g u nd o 5 0 3 3 3 3 5 0 A nc h o d e b and a p or Conv e r s i n 8 0k b p s 7 4 k b p s 2 4 k b p s 1 8 k b p s
8 5 .6 k b p s 77.6 k b p s 29 .6 k b p s 22.2 k b p s
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
14 Byes of H ea d er
E t h e r ne t
8 2.4 k b p s 75 .5 k b p s 26 .4 k b p s 20 k b p s
6 Byt es of H ea d er
P P P
5 3 Byt es C el l s w i t h a 48 -Byt e P a yl oa d
A T M
F r ame R e l ay
8 1.6 k b p s 25 .6 k b p s 19 .5 k b p s 75 k b p s
4 Byt es of H ea d er
10 6 k b p s 8 4 k b p s 28 k b p s
4 2.4 k b p s
237
A p ro v isio na m ient o de B W
Q oS en l a W A N
p a ra Trfic o de S ea liz a c in
...
Nm e r o d e I P P h o ne s , G a t e w a ys
P o r f a v o r R e f i r a S R ND 6 . X pa r a d e b a nd a d e Co L l a m a d a Cr i pt o
s e a U C A nc h o nt r o l d e g r a f ic o
...
Nm e r o d e V i r t u a l T i e L i ne s
S I P Co nt r o l B a nd w i d t h
1 to3 0 1 00 1 5 0 5 0
1 4 k b p s 2 7 k b p s 4 0k b p s
8 k b p s
2 7 k b p s 5 4 k b p s 8 1 k b p s
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
8 k b p s
P r oc e s ami e nt o d e L l amad a D is tr ib u id o
B a nd w i d t h
1 to7 0
8 k b p s
238
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
Q oS en l a W A N
~ 2 4 B y t es
c R T P H ead er
6 B yt e s d e c a b e c e r a s i n CR T P
P P P
8 2 .4 k b p s 7 5 .5 k b p s 2 6 .4 k b p s 2 0k b p s
6 B yt e s d e Ca b e c e r a c o n CR T P
P P P
d e l rout e r
6 8 k b p s 6 6 k b p s 1 2 k b p s
R e d u c c i n d e A nc h o d e b and a 1 7 .5 % 1 2 .5 % 5 4 .5 % 4 7 .5 %
239
1 0.5 k b p s
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
W A N
C al l A dm i ssi on C ont r ol (C A C )
Po r q u E s N ec esa rio ?
IPW A N
IPW A N Li nk
Ro u ter / G atew ay C U C M E l LLQ d el E nl ace W A N E s p r o v i s i o nad o p ar a D o s Ll am ad as (E q u i v al ente a D o s T r o ncal es " V i r tu al es " )
L a s M e j or e s P r c ti c a s :
L L Q B and w id t h = e l nm e ro d e l l am ad as x anch o d e b and a por l l am ad a G 7 1 1 @ 2 0 m S sam pl e s = 8 0 k b ps G 7 2 9 @ 2 0 m S sam pl e s = 2 4 k b ps E l anch o d e b and a por l l am ad a e s e spe cf ico d e l cd e c
C o ntr o l d e A d m i s i n d e Ll am ad a B l o q u ea l a T er cer a Ll am ad a
240
H ab i l i t ando Q oS : Resu m en de Q oS
C la s i f i c a c i on: M a r q u e los Pa q u et es c on u na Pr i or i d a d Es pec f i c a q u e D enot e u n Ex i g enc i a pa r a C la s e d e S er v i c i o d e la R ed Lmi t e d e C onf i a nz a :D ef i na y H a g a c u mpli r u n Lmi t e d e C onf i a nz a Pr og r a ma c i n : A d ju d i q u e Pa q u et es a U na d e la s M lt i ples C ola s ( B a s a d o en C la s i f i c a c i n) pa r a Tr a t a mi ent o A c eler a d o por la R ed A pr ov i s i ona mi ent o : C a lc u le el A nc h o d e b a nd a R eq u er i d o pa r a Tod a s la s A pli c a c i ones M s Element os d e S ob r ec a r g a
U ni f i ed C M C l u s ter
PS TN
S RS T Ro u ter
IPW A N
C am p u s
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID 2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d . C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
B r anch O f f i ce
241
H ab i l i t ando Q oS
PS TN
S RS T Ro u ter
C am p u s
A p r o v i s i o na m i e nt o A nc h o d e b a nd a
Cam p us D i s t ri b ut i o n
M u l ti p l e Q s 8 0 2 .1 p /Q T r af f i c S h ap i ng Li nk E f f i ci ency (LFI , cRT P ) C l as i f i caci o n Recl as i f i caci o n
IPW A N
S u cu r s al
Cam p us A c c es s
W A N A g g reg at i o n
B ranc h R o ut er
M u l ti p l e Q s 8 0 2 .1 p /Q Li nk E f f i ci ency (LFI , cRT P ) C l as i f i caci o n Recl as i f i caci o n
B ranc h S w i t c h
I nl i ne P o w er M u l ti p l e Q s 8 0 2 .1 p /Q
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
242
I M P ORTA N C I A
D E LA
A LTA D I SP ON I B I LI D A D V o IP
P A RA
L a s redes de t elefo na t ra dic io na l dem a nda n u n 9 9 . 9 9 9 % de disp o nib ilida d del serv ic io .
L a s redes de da t o s t ienen q u e c o nsidera r lo s req u erim ient o s de disp o nib ilida d y c o nfia b ilida d c u a ndo inc o rp o ra n v o z . Mt o do s p a ra m ej o ra r la c o nfia b ilida d y disp o nib ilida d:
H ard w are re d u nd ant e . U PS Enl ace s re d u nd ant e s.
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
243
E sc ena rio de S ede C ent ra l A lt a D isp o nib ilida d. E D C R edu nda nt e O p c in de redu nda nc ia g eo g rfic a de serv ido res
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
244
Cl u s t e r Ca l l M
a n a g e r
LAN
EDC
RPV: a c r o L a n VPN I P I n te r L a n
Switch T e l f o n o I P
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
245
E sc ena rio de S ede C ent ra l A lt a D isp o nib ilida d. E D C R edu nda nt e sin g a t ew a y
S e d e C e n tr a l A lta D is p o n ib ilid a d E D C Re d u n d a n t e
Cl u s t e r Ca l l M
a n a g e r EDC
LAN
RPV: a c r o L a n VPN I P I n te r L a n
Switch T e l f o n o I P
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
246
Re d u n d a n t e
E D C
LAN
RPV: a c r o L a n VPN I P I n te r L a n
N * PR I S w itc h T e l f o n o I P GW MGCP N * PR I Q .S I G
RD S I / PS T N M o v ile s
PABX
T e l f o n o s
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
247
E D C Re d u n d a n t e
E D C
LAN
RPV: M a c r o L a n VPN I P In te r L a n
N * PR I GW MGCP N * PR I Q .S I G
T e l f o n o I P
RD S I / PS T N M o v ile s
PABX
T e l f o n o s
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
248
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
249
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
250
P r e s e n ta tio n _ ID
2 0 0 6 C is c o S y s te m s , In c . A ll r ig h ts r e s e r v e d .
C is c o C o n fid e n tia l
251