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r r'
r r
Need to determine: (1) Force magnitude (2) Force direction (3) The location of the acting force
Static Fluids
NO Shear stress
r r d F = pd A
Against the surface
r FR =
r pd A
dp = g dh
p = p 0 + g h
r r r ' FR =
r r r r r d F = r pd A
A
dimana: maka:
r dA ; dA = k
r F ; FR = k R
F (i x' + j y' ) k
r (i x + j y ) d F =
j y ) pdA k ( i x +
A
Maka didapat:
y' F R =
ypdA
r r'
r r
x' F R =
xpdA
1 y' = FR 1 x' = FR
ypdA
xpdA
FR = p atm A + hdA
A
p atm A
SOLUTION:
Does the resultant force pass through the center of gravity? NO!
Basic Eqs.:
r FR =
r pd A
r dF
dp = g dh r r FR = pdA = pwd k
A A
r dA = wd k
)
Atmospheric pressure is neglected
' FR =
1 ' = FR
pdA
1 pdA = A FR
2
pwd =
L 0
gw
FR
(D + sin 30 0 d )
' =
gw D
FR
= 2.22 m;
and
x' =
1 FR
xpdA =
1 FR
pdA =
w FR = 2.5m 2 FR
r r ' = 2 .5 i + 6 . 22 j
As
hdA
As
y sin dA = sin
As
ydA
From solid mechanics, the location of the center of gravity (centroid of the area) measured from the free surface is:
1 y c = ydA AA
hdA = sin y
A
A = hc A
FR = p c A
y' =
y
A
where:
2
I xx = yc A yc A
dA
y = y-location of acting force x = x-location of acting force yc = y-location of surface center of gravity xc = x-location of surface center of gravity = surface moment of inertia around an axis parallel to x-axis passing through CG = cross moment of inertia around axes passing through CG
I xx y' = y c + yc A
x' = xc +
I xy yc A
Centroidal moments of inertia for various cross sections: (a) rectangle, (b) circle, (c) triangle, and (d) semicircle.
Fb = gVb = Vb
Buoyancy is the net pressure force acting on a submerged body. The magnitude of the buoyant force is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the body. Buoyant force passes through the center of buoyancy, which is at the centroid of the displaced fluid.
EXAMPLE PROBLEM 3.8 GIVEN: Crown volume, V = 18.9 in.3 Net force on the string, Fnet = 4.7 lbf FIND: The average material density of the crown
SOLUTION: