Departamento de Ingeniera Qumica

Curso de Ing. de los Materiales

Universidad de Antioquia
Tarea Mdulo 3

Exercise: Mixing and Heat Transfer in Jacketed vessels

An agitated jacketed vessel as shown in figure (Semiellisoipdal (2:1) bottom), has an 8-ft
diameter that contains 3,000 gal (401 ft
3
) of process fluid (properties listed below). Its agitator
is a 4PBT of 3 ft in diameter. The jacket does not contain baffles. The inside and outside
diameters of the jacket, D
ji
and D
jo
, are 8 ft and 8.5 ft, respectively. The process fluid is being
heated by a jacket fluid consisting of a mixture of ethylene glycol and water, having the
properties shown below.
Calculate:
- Impeller speed (rpm) for a scale of agitation between 4 and 8.
- Power necessary to rotate the impeller (report the standard value according to AGMA)
- The flow rate of service fluid required for heating the process fluid from 20 to 120C,
assuming that the heat transfer fluid enters at 130C and leaves at 121C.
- The time required to heat the process fluid (see document below for information).
- Redraw the vessel sketch taking into account:
- baffle width and offset (if is necessary)
- impeller width and clearance
- spacing between impellers (if is necessary)

The process fluid has these properties:
Density: 45 lb/ft
3

Viscosity: 10 lb/(ft)(h)
Specific Heat: 0.7 Btu/(lb)(F)
Thermal Conductivity: 0.42 Btu/(h)(ft
2
)(F/ft)

The properties of the heat transfer fluid as follows:
Density: 62.427 lb/ft
3

Viscosity: 0.03 lb/(ft)(h)
Specific Heat: 0.905 Btu/(lb)(F)
Thermal Conductivity: 0.13 Btu/(h)(ft
2
)(F/ft)


Batch Operation (Heating and Cooling)
In batch operations, it is often necessary to calculate the time, , needed to heat or cool the contents of
a jacketed vessel from temperature t1 to t2. Ina a simplified form, the relevant equations are as follows:
For heating:
(1)
And for cooling:
(2)
Where T is the jacket temperature, m the mass of the material in the vessel and c
P
the specif heat of this
material.
Equations (1) and (2) assume that the jacket temperature, is constant. These equations can also used
where the difference between the jacket inlet and outlet temperatures is not greater than 10% of the
LMTD of the jacket and the temperature of the vessels content. In applying these equations to such
instances, assign T the value of the average jacket temperature.
If, instead, the difference between the jacket inlet and outlet temperature is greater than 10 % of the
just-mentioned LMTD, then apply:
For heating:
(3)
And for cooling:
(4)

Where T
1
, is the jacket inlet temperature, W the mass flow rate through the jacket, C the specific heat of
the fluid in the jacket and is defined as:
(5)
Where A is the vessel surface area in contact with the process fluid.
In equations (1) through (5), the coefficient U is assumed to be essentially constant. If the temperature
range is large during the heating or cooling of the vessel contents and U accordingly varies significantly,
the range must be divided into small increments, and the time it takes to achieve each temperature
increment must be calculated separately.
For a more specific calculation of heating and cooling times for batch processing in reactors equipped
with a single-fluid utility systems as:
- Direct injection of an utility fluid into a jacket circulation loop;
- Indirect isothermal heat exchange of a utility fluid to the jacket circulation loop and;
- Indirect nonisothermal heat exchange of a utility fluid to the jacket circulation loop,

see Gentilcores work in [Estimate heating and cooling times for batch reactor Chemical Engineering
Progress, Vol 97 No 4, March 2000]

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