Anna Bettina H.

Andaya STS 1 A Group 1 BANKS

Documentary Analyses: Set C Seat Code: E6

Ban s may ta e !arious "orms. #t could $e a %u&e' to(erin& s yscraper' or it could simply $e )ust a small' %and%eld de!ice. #n its most reco&ni*a$le "orm' $an s are considered as "inancial "ortresses t%at are no(n "or its nature' arc%itecture' and desi&n. #ts main "eature is t%e !ault' (%ic% people o"ten associate (it% security and t%e success o" a $an . #ts modern concept dates $ac to t%e middle a&es. #n addition' many %a!e in"luenced its e!olution t%rou&%out %istory. T%ese include Ale+ander Hamilton' Henry ,ells' ,illiam -ar&o' A. .. Giannini' and many ot%ers. Alon& (it% t%is are t%e de!elopment o" t%e $an security system and t%e introduction o" ne( tec%nolo&ies' (%ic% ma e one/s $an in& e+perience more con!enient and more secure. #t includes c%ec s' credit cards' automated teller mac%ine 0AT12' internet $an in&' and many more. No matter (%at "orm it may ta e' t%ese institutions are !ery muc% necessary "or a country/s economic de!elopment. T%e main aim o" t%is "ilm is to s%o( t%at $an s are special' and t%at it is muc% more t%an a $uildin& t%at %ouses people/s (ealt%. #t s%o(s t%at a $an needs "ait% and trust "rom its customers "or it to $ecome success"ul. To ac%ie!e t%is' a $an impro!es its "acilities' security system' and ser!ices. Anot%er aim o" t%e "ilm is to illustrate %o( t%e $an s came to $e. Ho(e!er' it %as only limited t%is to t%e $an in& industry in t%e 3S. Aside "rom t%at' also presented are t%e tec%nolo&ical inno!ations t%at c%an&ed' and continued to do so' t%e (ay %o( people e+perience $an in& t%rou&% time. #n t%e t%ird century B. C.' $asic "orms o" deposit and lendin& %a!e already e+isted in 1esopotamia at t%eir temples and treasuries' (%ile t%e ancient Gree s %a!e stron&%olds (%ere t%ey can eep t%eir !alua$les. #t (as said t%at t%e concept o" $an in&' as (e no( o" today' dates $ac to t%e middle a&es' (%erein deposits' (it%dra(als' and loans are conducted. T%e (ord 4$an 5 (as said to come "rom t%e #talian term 4co$anco5' (%ic% means 4$enc%.5 T%is (as $ecause' durin& t%is time' t%e "irst $an ers lay out t%eir 4$enc%es'5 and "rom t%ere' t%ey (ill start doin& t%eir $usiness. 6ne o" t%e "irst $an ers (as t%e &oldsmit%s o" t%e 17 t% century. T%is (as $ecause o" t%e reason t%at t%ey %andle a lot o" &old' and t%at people "ound out t%at t%ey could trust t%em (it% t%eir &old. Aside "rom t%at' t%ey are also amon& t%e "irst to set out loans' and t%ey issued promissory notes to t%ose (%o o$tained t%e loan. #n t%e 3nited States o" America' $an in& "ormally started a"ter t%e ci!il (ar. Durin& t%at time' !arious inds o" money' suc% as t%ose o" t%e Britis%' -renc%' and ot%er colonists' as (ell as t%ose o" t%e indi!idual states' (ere in use. T%e con&ress esta$lis%ed t%e Ban o" Nort% America in 1781 as an ans(er to t%is. #n addition' it (as Ale+ander Hamilton (%o %elped in pus%in& t%rou&% (it% t%is. He contended t%at $an s are a necessary component "or t%e de!elopment o" t%e nation. Aside "rom t%is' t%e "ederal &o!ernment mandated its o(n currency in order to uni"y t%e states. Durin& t%e 1899s' t%e so called 4&old rus%5 occurred. T(o men' $y t%e names o" Henry ,ells and ,illiam -ar&o esta$lis%ed t%e ,ells : -ar&o' Co. ,%at t%ey did (as t%at t%ey &a!e t%eir customers' (%o are mostly miners' an e+tension o" credit' and %a!e t%eir &old e+c%an&ed (it% currency. 3n"ortunately' in April 1;96 an eart%<ua e struc t%e ,estern 3nited States' and a "irestorm "ollo(ed it. T%is $rou&%t t%e City o" San -rancisco in &reat ruins. A man $y t%e name o" A. ..

Giannini' (%o "ounded t%e Ban o" #taly' sa( t%e need o" t%e people and o" t%e city "or money in order to start o!er' so %e started &i!in& loans to people (it% t%e &old and money t%at %e too "rom %is $an $e"ore t%e "ire spread out. #n 1;9=' %e reopened t%e Ban o" #taly. #n t%e years t%at "ollo(ed' more $ranc%es o" %is $an (ere opened. He sa( t%e potential "or $ranc% $an in& as a (ay o" creatin& a state(ide $an in& system. #n 1;>9' %e c%an&ed all t%e names o" %is $an s and $an in& systems into t%e Ban o" America. At t%e same time t%at Giannini re!olutioni*ed t%e $an in& system o" t%e 3S' t%e mo!ement "or (omen/s ri&%ts also occurred. T%is reco&ni*ed (omen as e<ually important $an customers $ecause o" t%e "act t%at t%ey mana&e %ouse%old accounts. T%is made $an s do (%at t%ey could to appeal to t%eir (omen customers. T%e Ban o" Ne( ?or ' "or e+ample' made t%eir recei!in& areas "or (omen more %omely. T%e comin& o" t%e Great Depression $rou&%t a$out massi!e $an "ailures@ as a result' people lost trust in t%e $an s. #n addition' t%ere (as a nation(ide loss o" consumer demand as people tend to eep (%at money t%ey %a!e and a!oid spendin&. To ans(er all t%ese' .resident Aoose!elt declared $an in& re"orms and a deposit insurance' (%ic% &i!es people con"idence t%at t%eir money is in &ood %ands. Also' to "urt%er pre!ent anot%er Great Depression and stoc mar et cras%es' t%ey decided to separate commercial $an in& and in!estment $an in&. A $ill (as passed in 1;>> (%ic% states t%at $an s %a!e to c%oose "rom eit%er o" t%e t(o and t%at t%ey cannot $e $ot%. .art o" t%e de!elopment o" t%e $an in& industry is t%e de!elopment o" tec%nolo&ies necessary "or ensurin& customers t%e sa"ety o" t%eir money and ma in& t%eir $an in& e+perience more con!enient. 6ne suc% tec%nolo&y is t%e !ault' (%ic% is used "or storin& people/s money and &old. 1any re&arded it as t%e cornerstone "or a $an /s success. #t (as $elie!ed t%at t%e $i&&er a $an /s !ault is' t%e more success"ul it is. #ts most reco&ni*a$le "eature is its door. T%is' to&et%er (it% t%e (%ole !ault' is made o" stron& materials' and is tested $y certi"ied trained pro"essionals. #t also "eatures sop%isticated alarm systems and special openin&s li e air and e+%aust conduits' (%ic% are use"ul "or (%en one o" t%e sta"" &et loc ed inside (%en t%e alarm is tri&&ered $y a potential ro$$er. T%ere are also sa"e deposit $o+es inside (%ic% are only opened t%rou&% dual custodyBuse o" t(o eys: t%e customer/s and t%e $an mana&er/s. Anot%er "eature is t%e time loc (%ic% %a!e no( $ecome di&ital. To protect its tellers "rom potential %arm and eep t%e money sa"e' t%e $an in& security system (as de!eloped. Be"ore' t%ere are only ca&es and trip (ires. Today' t%e ro$$ery alarm system in!ol!es $ullet resistant &lass' (%ic% is made o" t%in $ut stron& materials' cameras and TC' (%ic% sends si&nals to police cars' as (ell as in"rared motion detectors and ultrasound sensors. Anot%er "orm o" tec%nolo&y is c%ec s. Be"ore' t%ese (ere only made $y %and. T%en' a ne( encodin& system and t%e in!ention o" EA1A made t%e creation and monitorin& o" t%ese easier. C%ec s %a!e no( e!ol!ed to credit cards' and t%is pa!ed t%e (ay "or t%e creation o" t%e AT1' (%ic% is a cas% dispenser' and operates $ot% mec%anically and electronically. To&et%er (it% t%is is t%e in!ention o" t%e personali*ed identi"ication num$er 0.#N2. To ma e sure t%at $an in& t%rou&% t%e AT1 is more secure' t%ere are no( !oice reco&nition and $iometric retinal scans. #n addition to t%is is t%e internet $an in&' (%ic% lets people do $an in& e!en at %ome@ %o(e!er' pri!acy and security issues (ere raised. T%e onset o" t%is ne( type o" $an in& does not necessarily mean t%at $an $ranc%es (ill &o out o" $usiness' rat%er it (ould complement it. ,%at/s important is t%at t%ere is "inancial security $ecause t%is is (%at $an in& is all a$out. Here in t%e .%ilippines' credit cards and t%e AT1 are already in use. T%e same is true (it% internet $an in&' alt%ou&% t%is is relati!ely ne(. T%e principle o" industriali*ation (%ic% is applica$le %ere is standardi*ation. T%is is $ecause a set o" standards are needed in ma in& an t%e consumers/ $an in& e+perience e""ecti!e. T%e credit cards s%ould $e made o" <uality plastics so

t%at it (ill not &et $ro en. T%e same is true (it% $an in& de!ices' li e t%e AT1 and t%e computer' and also t%e ser!ices t%at is $ein& deli!ered. An la( t%at supports t%e use o" t%ese items in $an in& is t%e Aepu$lic Act No. 87;D or t%e Electronic Commerce Act o" D999. #n t%is act' electronic transactions and documents are $ein& reco&ni*ed "or use. T%is includes $an in& and "inancial transactions done t%rou&% t%e use o" an electronic de!ice or t%e internet' e.&. AT1 or one/s personal computer. THE S3.EA1AAKET T%e supermar et is simply a superEsi*ed &rocery store (%ic% is departmentali*ed' and %as lon&er s%oppin& %ours@ moreo!er' it also s%o(cases a %u&e par in& lot. An a!era&e o" FD million earnin&s per year is re<uired "or it to $e called as suc%. A typical supermar et %ouses an a!era&e o" =G'999 products. #n addition' "ood sa"ety is also primarily considered in order to $e said t%at it truly %as t%e $est "ood supplies. 6n t%e ot%er %and' t%ere are t%in&s and processes t%at consumers do not see. Ta in& Sa"e(ay as an e+ample' supermar ets are in!ol!ed in t%e production o" products li e $read and dairy' storin& o" &oods most especially t%e peris%a$le "oods' and t%e distri$ution and transportation o" t%ese items to its di""erent $ranc%es. #ts ori&in started (it% stores li e .i&&ly ,i&&ly and Kin& Kullen' and !arious tec%nolo&ies %elped in its de!elopment. #n t%is documentary "ilm' t%e main aim is to s%o( t%at t%e supermar et is an American in"luence in t%e (orld o" s%oppin&' and t%at it is only t%e 4tip o" t%e ice$er&5 t%at people see. #t %as also s%o(n t%e e!olution o" t%e supermar et t%rou&% time' and t%e !arious tec%nolo&ies t%at %elped in ma in& t%is $ecome success"ul. At Sa"e(ay' t%ere is &reat in!estment on e+tensi!e distri$ution and transportation system. #t employs t%ousands o" tractors and trailers. #n all o" t%eir trailers' t%ere are re"ri&eration units and onE$oard computers. T%ey also %a!e t%eir o(n maintenance' "uellin&' and cleanin& "acilities "or t%eir !e%icles. #n t%eir &rocery (are%ouses' t%ere are "or li"ts' and people (%o are called pic ers. T%ese people use !oice selection tec%nolo&y as an alternati!e "or a list' and $attery po(ered !e%icles' (%ic% also %a!e rec%ar&in& rooms in t%e (are%ouse. T%ere is re"ri&eration e<uipment at t%e "ro*en "oods (are%ouse. T%ere are also $anana ripenin& rooms' (%erein t%e temperature and %umidity are controlled and &ases are also trapped. T%is reduces t%e pac in& and unpac in& o" t%e "ruits@ t%us' $ruises are also reduced. T%is also sa!es time' space' and cost. #t also %as its o(n $a ery and a plant "or t%e production o" dairy products. Here $reads and dairy products' li e mil ' c%eese' and ice cream' are $ein& manu"actured respecti!ely. T%rou&%out %istory' mar ets %a!e "louris%ed due t%e &ro(in& demand "or "ood as cities de!eloped. Durin& Britain/s coloni*ation to America' tradin& posts $ecame one o" t%e earliest retail stores. Here "oods t%at cannot $e &ro(n or %unted in t%e area li e co""ee and some ot%er &oods' li e $lan ets' are $ein& sold. As t%e population &re(' $i&&er retail stores' (%ic% sell more !ariety o" "oods and &oods "or t%e %ome and "arm' and are called &eneral stores' (ere esta$lis%ed. -urt%ermore' (%en t%e ur$an population &re(' retail stores %a!e $ecome speciali*ed. 1ost nei&%$or%oods no( %a!e t%eir o(n $a ery' $utc%er s%ops' and &rocery stores. By t%e $e&innin& o" t%e D9t% century' t%e Great American : Tea Co. %a!e $ecome t%e "irst ma)or c%ain o" &rocery stores. Durin& t%is time' &oin& &rocery s%oppin& (as di""erent. Here cler s stood $e%ind t%e counter and customers (ill )ust %a!e to %and t%em a list o" t%e items t%at t%ey (is% to purc%ase. #n t%e early D9t% century' Clarence Saunders' a &rocery store o(ner' "elt t%at t%is system is muc% too la$or intensi!e' so %e created t%e concept o" sel"Eser!ice &roceries. Here

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in!entions suc% as t%e turnstile' t%e s%oppin& $as et' and t%e price ta& "irst appeared. A &ood e+ample o" suc% a store is %is !ery o(n .i&&ly ,i&&ly. Because o" success' t%e store t%en $ranc%es out. #n 1;>9' Kin& Kullen opened. T%is store (as considered as t%e 4direct descendant o" t%e "irst true supermar et.5 #ts "ounder is 1H Cullen' (%o contended t%at lo(er prices (ould encoura&e people to $uy more o" a product. #n addition' %e also used ad!ertisements and slo&ans <uite e+tensi!ely. T%is %appened durin& t%e Great Depression as (ell as in t%e period (%ere automo$iles increased and re"ri&erators (ere de!eloped. Durin& t%e ,orld ,ar ##' many &rocery stores' (%ic% are usually "amily $usinesses' (ere "orced to s%ut do(n. T%is (as $ecause t%e men (ere sent instead to "i&%t or to (or in t%e de"ense industry. T%is le"t t%e (omen' and supermar ets $ecame popular and (ellEli ed $y t%em. T%is (as $ecause many o" t%ese stores %ired (omen. #n t%e 1;G9s' it (as said t%at t%ese $usiness %a!e $ecome sym$olic o" t%e American (ay o" li"e t%at many Europeans %a!e come to t%e 3S )ust to see one. #n t%e 1;89s' (are%ouse stores opened. #t (as mentioned t%at t%is pro!ed t%at consumers (ould li e to $y in $ul si*es and sa!e money. As a result' some store $ranc%es (ere con!erted into t%is type. As time &oes $y' supermar ets %a!e tended to eep up (it% t%e consumers/ e!erEc%an&in& desires. A "e( e+amples "or t%is are t%e readyEmade "oods sections' puttin& or&anically &ro(n produce' includin& "oods "rom around t%e (orld' and "oods t%at are speci"ically tar&eted "or some et%nic &roups' li e t%ose o" Hispanic ori&ins. A "e( ot%er tec%nolo&ies t%at contri$uted to t%e &ro(t% o" t%e supermar et are $arcodes' s%oppin& carts' sel" c%ec out lines' and t%e internet. #t (as said t%at supermar ets (ere t%e "irst to use $arcodes. #t %as set up a standard' and re!olutioni*ed t%e in!entory and c%ec out system. S%oppin& carts %a!e pro!ided con!enience "or t%e customer in carryin& around t%e items' and %as ena$led t%em to roam around t%e store and $uy more. 6t%er tec%nolo&ies (ere also in!ented "or t%e s%oppin& cart' li e electronic loc in& (%eels. T%is is "or t%e pre!ention o" carts "rom &ettin& stolen. #t (or s $y %a!in& t%e cart/s (%eels loc ed as it passes a (ire. Anot%er is #B1/s attempt to 4smarten up t%e cart.5 Here scanners (ere incorporated in t%e cart. T%is lets customers to scan t%e $arcodes o" t%e items t%ey (is% to purc%ase and %a!e t%e receipt immediately c%ar&ed on t%eir credit cards. As a result' t%ey )ust %a!e to put t%e item in t%eir $a&s and &o. Aside "rom t%at' !e&&ie !ision (as also in!ented. T%is is a "orm o" scanner used primarily "or t%e identi"ication o" !e&eta$les "or price determination. T%e latter t(o pa!ed t%e (ay "or t%e possi$ility o" sel" c%ec out lines. 6n t%e ot%er %and' a ne( tec%nolo&y' (%ic% is still in t%e (or s' called radio "re<uency identi"ication ta& may %elp us do a(ay (it%out c%ec out lines. T%is ena$les customers to simply &et out o" t%e store a"ter t%ey pic ed out t%e items t%ey need. #t (or s $y %a!in& t%e s%opper pass t%rou&% a sensor' %a!e all o" t%e items scanned includin& t%eir credit card' and &o %ome. Here in t%e .%ilippines' t%ere are still no sel" c%ec out lanes' $ut t%e $arcode and a!aila$ility o" "ood "rom di""erent countries is already in use or is a!aila$le. T%e principle o" industriali*ation (%ic% is needed in order "or t%e country to %a!e sel" c%ec out lanes in its supermar ets is standardi*ation. A standard must $e set up $y t%e &o!ernment (%erein e!eryone must use credit cards. A"ter t%at' t%ey must "ocus on %a!in& supermar ets a!ail o" t%e tec%nolo&y needed "or t%is. A la( t%at may apply to t%e a!aila$ility o" credit card use in "inancial transactions is t%e Aepu$lic Act No. 87;D or t%e Electronic Commerce Act o" D999. T%e reason $e%ind t%is is t%at t%e country reco&ni*es t%e use o" electronic transactions and documents as le&al &i!en t%at it "ollo(s t%e re&ulations stated in t%e act.

S3.EAH#GH,A?S Super%i&%(ays dominate t%e eart%/s landscape' and are considered as t%e lar&est sin&le structures in t%e planet. T%ese are structures t%at aid in t%e transportation o" people' &oods' and ser!ices. A &ood e+ample "or t%is is t%e 3S interstate system. #t is t%e lar&est road system in t%e (orld' and it %as set t%e standards "or t%e super%i&%(ays o" ot%er countries. Ta in& C%ina as an e+ample' it %as modeled its %i&%(ay systems a"ter t%at o" t%e 3S. Despite $ein& lar&ely %elp"ul' t%ere are some pro$lems t%at arise' so e+perts tried to "ind (ays in order to sol!e it. Carious inds o" tec%nolo&ies are needed in its construction and in t%e maintenance o" its sa"ety. #n addition' as time &oes $y' super%i&%(ays ept on &ettin& $etter' $i&&er' and e!en taller. #n t%is documentary' t%e main aim is to s%o( t%at super%i&%(ays are necessary "or a country/s de!elopment. #t %as set t%e 3S interstate system as an e+ample. A $rie" %istory a$out its construction (as told. Aside "rom t%ese' di""erent tec%nolo&ies t%at may %elp in its impro!ement (ere also s%o(n. T%e 3S interstate system is t%e lar&est super%i&%(ay in t%e (orld. #t %as GG'999 $rid&es' 199 tunnels' and =6'999 miles o" concrete and asp%alt. #n D99>' at t%e state o" Te+as' interstate 19 (as reconstructed. -rom 11 lanes' it no( %as a total o" D9 lanes. #n t%is million dollar pro)ect' !arious tec%nolo&ies (ere employed in addition to t%e people needed. T%ere (ere dump truc s' $lo( torc%es' a slipEonEpa!or' and &rouse are $ein& used. T%e slipEonEpay!or is a mac%ine t%at spreads and smoot%ens out t%e concrete. Grouse' on t%e ot%er %and' is applied to t%e concrete a"ter it %as dried. #t c%annels a(ay (ater (%en it rains' and it ena$les tires to &rip t%e road. ,it% t%e reconstruction o" t%is road' it is e+pected t%at it (ill $e "unctional to aid in t%e "lo( o" tra""ic "or t%e ne+t D9 years. #t (as said t%e city o" Houston is proo" t%at %i&%(ays are t%e eys to(ards de!elopment. #t all started $ac in 1;G6 (%en .resident D(i&%t D. Eisen%o(er started t%e pro)ect on t%e construction o" t%e 3S interstate system' and it (as only in D997 t%at it (as "inis%ed. T%e interstate is (%at made 3S (%at is. #t is (%at made t%is country (ealt%y and po(er"ul. #t %as uni"ied t%e country. #t %as also pro!ided its !ery purpose o" ser!in& as a (ay "or people to e!acuate t%eir area in times o" calamities 0alt%ou&% not due to nuclear (ar2' li e durin& t%e Septem$er 11 attac and (%en %urricane Katrina struc . #t %as let "ire"i&%ters and t%eir truc s' as (ell as ot%er aut%orities pass t%rou&% and %elp in t%e situation. As t%e area in <uestion reco!ers' li"e on and outside t%e interstate continues. Alt%ou&% it ser!es a &ood purpose' it %as also created ne( pro$lems. 6ne o" t%ese is noise' (%ic% is created as t%e tires ma e contact (it% t%e road. E+perts %a!e tried to address t%is issue $y $uildin& sound $arrier (alls. T%ese are !ery e""ecti!e' $ut !ery e+pensi!e as (ell. Anot%er solution t%at t%ey %a!e come up (it% is <uiet pa!ement. T%ey did t%is $y testin& di""erent te+tured asp%alt and concrete pa!ements. 6ne t%in& t%at accompanies super%i&%(ays is t%e need "or e+pansions' particularly in its interc%an&es. T%is is $ecause tra""ic tends to $uild up and $ecome %ea!y in t%ese parts. T%ere are di""erent inds o" interc%an&es. T%ese include t%e rotary' t%e clo!er lea"' and t%e "lyo!er. A &ood e+ample o" an interc%an&e e+pansion is t%e Dallas Hi&% -i!e. #t is a "i!e le!el "lyo!er. #n constructin& it' t%e tra""ic $elo( must not $e distur$ed. T%is re<uires a more ad!anced type o" tec%nolo&y. Durin& t%e construction' cranes and 4Ser&io5 (ere employed. 4Ser&io5 is piece o" mac%inery t%at re<uires !ery little manpo(er. #t (or s $y li"tin& up a piece o" t%e road se&ment and attac%in& it to t%e rest o" t%e road. A"ter t%at' t%e (or ers (ill t%en secure t%e pieces to&et%er. Anot%er part o" t%e interstate t%at (as reconstructed (as t%e ,oodro( ,ilson Brid&e. T%e reason $e%ind t%is is t%e pro$lematic tra""ic $ottlenec t%at (as created $y t%e s%rin in& do(n o" "our lanes and some road arteries into )ust t%ree lanes. As a solution to ot%er tra""ic pro$lems' a so"t(are t%at

monitors tra""ic "lo( (as created and de!eloped $y en&ineers "rom t%e 1. #. T. T%e tra""ic mana&ement center' on t%e ot%er %and' uses electronic sensors and eyes to monitor t%e tra""ic "lo( and "ind out t%e reason "or t%e %ea!y tra""ic' so t%at t%ey can immediate send someone to strai&%ten it out. Because super%i&%(ays are !ery muc% predicta$le' some parts o" t%e interstate (ere $uilt near nature. 6ne suc% e+ample is #E79. #t passes Glen(ood Canyon. #t %as t%ree $rid&es' t%ree tunnels' and a control system. Anot%er one is H> in Ha(aii. #t circles around a mountain ran&e. #n $ot% cases' t%e construction (as "ar "rom easy as t%ey try to not distur$ t%e "lora and "auna around. #n t%e construction o" #E79' a mac%ine similar to 4Ser&io5 (as used. #n H>' on t%e ot%er %and' t%e e<uipment (ere $rou&%t $y %elicopter. A pro$lem (as encountered t%ou&%' (%en t%ey tried to di& a tunnel t%rou&% t%e mountain. ,ater (as "ound in t%at tunnel and t%ey %a!e ma e anot%er tunnel a&ain as t%ey (ouldn/t (ant t%e land"orm to collapse. T%e "ormer tunnel no( ser!es as t%eir maintenance portal. To maintain sa"ety' !arious steps are $ein& done. 6ne o" t%ese is t%e use o" road si&ns. T%ese are e!ery(%ere' and t%e reason (%y t%eir colors are in &reen and (%ite is $ecause t%ese can $e read e!en at ni&%t. Anot%er is t%e application o" Car&ill' (%ic% is a deicin& compound. T%is pre!ents accidents due to ice on t%e road. ?et anot%er (ay to maintain road sa"ety is t%e e""icient trainin& o" t%e emer&ency "irst responders' (%ic% are t%e "ire"i&%ters' police' E1T/s' and to( truc dri!ers. T%is is done $y t%e use o" a simulatin& &ame t%at ser!es as some sort o" trainin& "or t%em. T%is (ay' t%ey (ill $e a$le to no( (%at t%ey need to do in order to %elp sol!e t%e situation and eep tra""ic "lo(in&. As t%in&s ept on c%an&in& and de!elopin&' it is e+pected t%at in t%e "uture super%i&%(ays (ill %a!e more lanes' &et taller' and stretc% (ider. C%ina %as made its super%i&%(ays similar to t%at o" t%e 3S. #n contrast t%ou&%' t%eir purpose is primary "or t%e economy. T%eir %i&%(ays ser!ed as a means "or easily transportin& t%eir products and t%e people. Here in t%e .%ilippines' on t%e ot%er %and' it is true t%at t%ere are %i&%(ays' $ut not all are (ellEpa!ed' t%ere are pro$lems (it% noise and tra""ic "lo(' and t%ere are only a "e( lanes and "lyo!ers. To ac%ie!e t%is' t%ere is a need "or t%e principles o" standardi*ation and sync%roni*ation. #n terms o" standards' at least (e s%ould "ollo( t%at o" t%e 3S interstate system. #n $ein& sync%roni*ed' t%e &o!ernment s%ould $e more strict in implementin& its policies on (%ere and (%en pu$lic transportation !e%icles s%ould pull o!er to load and unload passen&ers. A la( t%at applies to t%is is Aepu$lic Act No. ;17 or t%e .%ilippine Hi&%(ay Act o" 1;G>. #t mentioned t%at t%e use o" certain tec%nolo&ies "or maintenances and constructions o" %i&%(ays are reco&ni*ed. AE-EAENCES Goldie' ,. S. 0,riter2' Nas%' B. 0Creator2. 0D9982. Super%i&%(ays ITele!ision series episodeJ. #n Goldie' ,. S. 0.roducer2. 1odern mar!els. Kno+!ille' Tennessee: Hupiter Entertainment.
1o%r' 1. 0,riter2' Nas%' B. 0Creator2. 0D9992. Ban s ITele!ision series episodeJ. #n B. Nas% : 1. 1o%r 0.roducers2. 1odern mar!els. Kno+!ille' Tennessee: Hupiter Entertainment. Nas%' B. 0Creator2. 0D9962. T%e Supermar et ITele!ision series episodeJ. #n A. Hones 0.roducer2. 1odern mar!els. Kno+!ille' Tennessee: Hupiter Entertainment. A. A. ;17. 1;G>. 4.%ilippine Hi&%(ay Act o" 1;G>.5 A. A. 87;D. D999. 4Electronic Commerce Act o" D999.5