Concept of After-life in Christianity

Introduction
There are so many different beliefs and superstitions on the after-life that it's easy to get overwhelmed when researching them. But the doctrine of reward and punishment remains central to all religions throughout the ages; that man receives his just reward for his good deeds and just retribution for his transgression is the very basis of the conception of both human and divine justice. Christian beliefs about the afterlife vary between denominations and individual Christians, but the vast majority of Christians believe in some kind of heaven, in which believers enjoy the presence of God and other believers and freedom from suffering and sin. Views differ as to whether those of other faiths or none at all will be in heaven, and conceptions of what heaven will be like differ as well. A slightly lesser majority of Christians believe in the existence of hell, where unbelievers or sinners are punished. Views differ as to whether hell is eternal and whether its punishment is spiritual or physical. Some Christians reject the notion altogether. Catholic Christians also believe in purgatory, a temporary place of punishment for Christians who have died with unconfessed sins. There is a general consensus over the existence of final judgment in which the wicked dead will be raised and judged according to their works. The concept of Eternal Soul and Salvation is also there in the Christianity.

The Eternal Soul

Christians believe in the immortality of the soul--that there is, in fact, an after life. Souls that are saved enter Heaven, where they live for all eternity in the presence of God. Souls that are unsaved are thrown into Hell, where they either are tortured for all eternity, or cease to exist, depending on the interpretation. The Roman Catholic Church teaches of a middle ground for the saved souls between Earth and Heaven, known as Purgatory. Here saved souls are cleansed from their past sins until they are ready to enter Heaven. Not all souls enter Heaven. Some go directly to Heaven or directly to Hell. This concept is completely lacking in Protestant Church beliefs on Heaven and Hell. Heaven is described as a place of immense size and beauty, the main focus of which is God Himself. There is no pain or weeping in Heaven, only joy and constant worship of God. Hell is described as a place of fire, darkness, and gnashing of teeth. Most Protestant and Orthodox churches hold that such punishment is eternal, although a few non-orthodox or cult churches (such as the Jehovah's Witnesses) believe that the soul that goes to Hell is annihilated.

Salvation
Christians are saved by accepting Jesus Christ as their Savior, an intensely spiritual and personal move. Some Christians believe that this salvation can be lost through a series of sin. The Roman Catholic Church teaches that a Christian must perform good works in order to keep the faith. Even those who don't believe in either of the previous doctrines believe that Christians will be judged for their actions in life, even if said actions aren't the basis for their eternal destination. The importance of spiritual and outward actions has motivated Christians throughout the centuries to pursue good works. Results of this motivation vary in intention with widespread effects. The most powerful example would have to be the charity and aid offered by Christians in every shape and form. While it cannot be said that every Christian is motivated by his outlook on the after-life to perform good works, the Bible promises eternal rewards to those who selflessly serve others. Examples of good works are providing for widows and orphans, helping the poor and needy, and spreading the good news (Gospel) of Jesus Christ's birth, death, and resurrection. The last is made expedient through the knowledge of what happens to those who are not Christians. The concept of Hell has been a strong motivator for evangelistic actions throughout the centuries. Major Christian evangelistic movements occurred in the 1st and 2nd centuries A.D., as well as during the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries. Organizations such as the Red Cross, Salvation Army, Compassion International, and Habitat for Humanity all began as Christian organizations to provide for the poor, homeless and other needy people. For better understanding, Christianity's beliefs on the after-life can be cut into two very broad groups--those of Orthodox Christianity, such as the Roman Catholic Church and those of the Protestant Church. Orthodox Christianity is much easier to categorize, while Protestant churches have a wide range of doctrine and belief. It is possible, however, to get the general beliefs from the holy book of Christianity, the Bible, while ignoring the many interpretations. The Old Testament and the New Testament differs in explaining the after-life.

Beliefs of ancient Christians

Various faith groups within the early Christian movement developed a variety of conflicting concepts of the afterlife, based largely on their interpretation of early Christian writings.

Christian Church before the Reformation: Hell seen as a warehouse for Pagan Gods, unsaved individuals, and most of the rest of the population. They taught some rather sadistic ideas about the treatment of humans in Hell. Gnostic Christians: 1st century CE to present: A very few with special knowledge will go to be with God when they die; the rest will go to Hell, which is similar to life on earth.

Marcionist Christians: 2nd to 3rd century CE. Jehovah is evil. Faith in the love of a "Higher God" is the only factor needed for salvation. Manichaest Christians: 3rd to 20th? Century CE. A few achieve Heaven after death; most will be reincarnated and live again until they get it right.

Beliefs of modern Christians

Conservative Protestants. Those who are "saved" will go to heaven; vast majority of humans will go to Hell for extreme torture. Whether Hell is eternal is a matter of debate. Liberal Christians: Hell does not exist as a place of punishment. All will go to Heaven, if such a place exists. Roman Catholics: A very few will go directly to heaven. Most of those whose sins have been forgiven through church ritual will go to Purgatory for a process of cleansing after death; later, they will be allowed into Heaven. Most of the rest will go directly to Hell, which is considered a place and a state of existence where its inhabitants will suffer forever.

Conclusion
It can clearly be stated that the Christian like any other religion, belief in the afterlife. Although differences are there in the different groups of Christianity but the Concept of day of judgment, heaven, hell does exist. As we know that the true teaching and belief of Jesus is the same as of Islam, there fore the concept of after-life is also some what different. In my humble opinion the differences are caused by the latter changes in the Bible. Christian do belief in hell and haven but the difference is on there physical existence. They rather relate it to the presence of God .In there belief it is the feeling of god which create the situation of haven or hell.

Concept of After- Life In Islam

Introduction:
Rasulullaah (Sallallahu alayhi wasallam)'s saying denote clearly that the dead persons are much alive, although their lives are very different from those of ours. Rasulullaah (Sallallahu alayhi wasallaam) said: "Breaking the bones of the dead person is like breaking the bones whilst he was alive." [Mishkat] Once Rasulullaah (Sallallahu alayhi wasallam) saw Hadhrat Amr bin Hazm (Radiahallahu Anhu) reclining against a grave and retorted: "Do not trouble the man of the grave." [Mishkat] When a person dies, he enters a world called "Barzakh", even if he might be buried or cremated. His sense and ability of comprehending remains intact. Rasulullaah (Sallallahu alayhi wasallam) stated: "When the dead body is placed on the bier, and the people carry it towards the graveyard, the virtuous one urges them to move faster, but when, the dead is a sinner, he cries "where is my family members taking me" He further added," Every creature, except human beings, hears to his wailings; if a human being should hear it, he is bound to fall unconscious." [Bukhari]. What happens to a person between his death and the Day of Qiyamaat is called "Barzakh" which literally means screen and fence. Since dead bodies are generally buried, the term, "Grave" is generally used for all. Hence even those persons who are cremated or drown remain alive in Barzakh. In reality reward and punishment are related and connected to the soul, and Allah Ta'aala has the definite power of granting reward and punishment by collecting even the burnt particles and molecules. Bukhari and Muslim report: A certain person committed numerous sins. On the verge of death, he bequeathed his sons that after his death his body should be burnt to ashes; half of the ashes be spread on the land and the other half be thrown into the sea. Having left this will (testament) he remarked: If Allah overpowers me and He restores me life He will render me the worst and severest punishment ever given to anyone. " When he died, his sons acted as instructed. Then Allah Ta'aala ordered the sea to collect all the particles of his body, and the sea complied with His Order, and the land did the same when ordered. After having assembled all the particles He revived him. Later on he was asked: "Why did you leave such a will?". "O Rabb I did so due to your fear," He submitted. Thereafter Allah Ta'aala forgave him. In another hadith we are informed that the Believers visit each other and enquire about others from those who meet them. Hadhrat Jubair (Radiahallahu Anhu) said: "When a person dies his offsprings often welcome him, as was done in the world."

Hadhrat Thabit Banani (Rahmatullah Alayh) should say: "When a person dies his kith and kin who died, surround him in Barzakh and express their joys and delight more than they did when greeting a person from abroad in the world." [Ibn Abid'duniya] Hadhrat Qays bin Qabisa (Radiahallahu Anhu) reports that Rasulullaah (Sallallahu alayhi wasallam) stated : "Unbelievers are not permitted to talk with each other " Someone enquired whether the dead could speak, he answered : "Yes, and they also visit each other." [Ibn Hibban] Hadhrat Ayesha (Radiahallahu Anha) reported that Rasulullaah (Sallallahu alayhi wasallam) said: "One who is not a Believer is not allowed to talk to the dead." "Do the dead speak too?" Someone enquired. "Yes, of course!" said Rasulullaah (Sallallahu alayhi wasallam) and added. "They also visit each other." Hadhrat Umm Basher (Radiahallahu Anhum) reported to have enquired from Rasulullaah (Sallallahu alayhi wasallam): "O Rasul of Allah! Do the dead persons recognize each other?" He replied: "The virtuous souls are embodied in green birds in Heaven." "Now if the birds could recognise each other why not the souls?" Hadhrat Abu Saeed Khudri (Radiahallahu Anhu) reports Rasulullaah (Sallallahu alayhi wasallam) stated: "One who begins learning the Noble Qur'an and dies without completing it, an angel teaches him the Quran in the grave. Thus h e will meet Allah in a state as if he has learnt the entire Quran by heart." [Shauq -e-Watan]. Hence those who spend their lives in performing righteous acts and believe in life after death do not love worldly life and prefer death to this life but those who waste their worldly life in evil are afraid of death. Suliman bin Abdul Malik once asked Abu Hazim (Rahmatullah Alayh): "Why are we afraid of death?" "You are afraid because you have beautified the world and discarded the Aakhiraat; thus you dislike to proceed to wilderness, departing from the habitated and beautified world." he replied. "Definitely you spoke the truth indeed!" Suliman acknowledged. Virtuous and righteous personal are not worried at the concept of death because they firmly hope to have a better life in the next world. Rasulullaah (Sallallahu alayhi wasallam) stated: "Man loves his life while death is better for him." [Baihaqi]. Rasulullaah (Sallallahu alayhi wasallam) further added; "Man regards death as detestable, although death is better than mischiefs. Thus as soon as he dies, he is secure from the mischiefs of the world." [Ahmad]. In another hadith, Rasulullaah (Sallallahu alayhi wasallam) has denoted death as a gift for the Believer. [Mishkat] In brief , death is something very desirable provided the person is righteous and has formulated a good relationship with Allaah. Those persons who live doing good acts prefer death to this worldly abode and desire to depart for the permanent life of peace

and comfort, away from this world of sorrow and sufferings. Hadhrat Abu Hurairah (Radiahallahu Anhu) one day enquired from someone: "Where are you going?" "To the market," he replied. "If able, buy and bring death for me." That is, he detested life in the world and hence was even ready to possess death by purchasing it. Hadhrat Khalid bin Madah (Radiahallahu Anhu) says: "If anyone says that the one who touches a particular object first will die. I shall be the first person to touch it . However, it is a different matter if someone superseded me in running and reaching the object." [Sharh-us-Sudur] Hadhrat Anas (Radiahallahu Anhu) reports that Rasulullaah (Sallallahu alayhi wasallam) stated : "Death of a man is like the birth of a child from (the dark and narrow) the womb of a mother to the peace and comfort of the world". (Tirmidhi). Allahumma habbibil mauta ilayya wa ila man yalamu anna syedena Muhammadan sallallahu Ta'aala alaihi wa sallama abduka wa rasulika

JANNAT:
(Arabic: ), or Jannah is the Islamic conception of paradise. The Arabic word Jannah is a shortened version meaning simply "Garden. According to Islamic eschatology, after death, one will reside in the grave until the appointed resurrection on Yawm al-Qiymah. Muslims believe that the treatment of the individual in the life of the grave will be according to his or her deeds in the worldly life. Jannah is often compared to Christian concepts of Heaven. According to Muslim belief, everything one longs for in this world will be there in Paradise. According to the Qur'an, the basic criteria for salvation in afterlife is the belief in one God (Tawhid), Last Judgment, good deeds, and in all the messengers of Allah, as well as believing that Muhammad is the final prophet of God. Though one must do good deeds and believe in God, salvation can only be attained through Allah's judgment. A few hadith, for example those narrated by Sahl bin Sad, Ibn 'Abbas, and Abu Huraira, suggest that some who were born before Islam, during the "Period of Ignorance", but who then believed in Allah in the Islamic period, would be allowed into heaven without a full reckoning of their behavior. Paradise is described as surrounded by eight principal gates, each level generally being divided into a hundred degrees. The highest level is known as firdaws (sometimes called Eden). It will be entered first by Muhammad, then those who lived in poverty, and then the most pious. Entrants will be greeted by angels with salutations of peace or As-Salamu Alaykum.

Descriptions of Paradise in the Qur'an:

Sura (chapter) 2:82: " But those who have faith and work righteousness, they are companions of the Garden: Therein shall they abide (For ever)."

3:133: "Be quick in the race for forgiveness from your Lord, and for a Garden whose width is that (of the whole) of the heavens and of the earth, prepared for the righteous." 3:185: "Every soul shall have a taste of death: And only on the Day of Judgment shall you be paid your full recompense. Only he who is saved far from the Fire and admitted to the Garden will have attained the object (of Life): For the life of this world is but goods and chattels of deception." 18:107: As to those who believe and work righteous deeds, they have, for their entertainment, the Gardens of Paradise." 39:73: "And those who feared their Lord will be led to the Garden in crowds: until behold, they arrive there; its gates will be opened; and its keepers will say: 'Peace be upon you! well have ye done! enter ye here, to dwell therein'." 39:74: "They will say: 'Praise be to God, Who has truly fulfilled His Promise to us, and has given us (this) land in heritage: We can dwell in the Garden as we will: how excellent a reward for those who work (righteousness)!' " 47:15: "(Here is) a Parable of the Garden which the righteous are promised: in it are rivers of water incorruptible; rivers of milk of which the taste never changes; rivers of wine, a joy to those who drink; and rivers of honey pure and clear. In it there are for them all kinds of fruits; and Grace from their Lord...."

Sura 56:1-40 of the Qur'an deals in depth with the Day of Judgment and the rewards that await persons who have led a good life. 56:15-21"[They will sit] on gold-encrusted thrones of happiness, reclining upon them, facing one another in [love]. Immortal youths will wait upon them with goblets, and ewers, and cups filled with water from unsullied springs by which their minds will not be clouded and which will not make them drunk; and with fruit of any kind that they choose, and with flesh of any fowl that they may desire. 56:22-26: "And [accompanying them will be their] companions pure, most beautiful of eye, like unto pearls hidden in their shells. [This will be] a reward for what they did [during life]. No empty talk will they hear there, nor any call to sin, but only the tiding of inner soundness and peace." 56:27-33:"Now as for those who have attained to righteousness- what of those who have attained to righteousness? [They too will find themselves] admist fruit-laden lote-trees, and acacias flower-clad, and shade extended, and waters gushing, and

fruit abounding, never-failing and never out of reach." 56:34-37:"And [with them will be their] spouses, raised high; for behold, We shall have brought them into being in a life renewed, having resurrected them as virgins, full of love, well matched to those who have attained to righteousness. "

Surah 55 discusses the presence of "hr." They have most commonly been considered to be Houris -- beautiful virgins 55:70: "In them will be fair [Maidens], good, beautiful." 55:72: "Maidens restrained [as to their glances], in [goodly] pavilions." 55:74: "Whom no man or Jinn before them has touched."

Qur'anic names of JANNAT:

Firdaws The Highest Gardens of the Paradise (al-Kahf:107, Al-Muminun:11) Dr al-maqmah The Home (Fatir:35) Dr al-salm Home of Peace (Yunus:25) Dr al-akhira The Home in the Hereafter (al-Ankabut:64) al-Jannah This is the most commonly used term in the Qur'an and Hadith. (AlBaqara:35, Al-i-Imran:133 & 142, Al-Ma'ida:72) Jannat al-adn Gardens of Everlasting Bliss (At-Tawba:72, Ar-Ra'd:23) Jannat al-khuld The Eternal Gardens (Al-Furqan:15) Jannat al-maw Garden of Abode (An-Najm:15) Jannat al-nam The Gardens of Delight (Al-Ma'ida:65, Yunus:9, Al-Hajj:56) Maqad al-idq Assembly of Truth (Al-Qamar:55) al-Maqm al-amn The House of Security (Ad-Dukhan:51)

Doors of Jannah:
There are eight doors of Jannah. Their names are as following: 1. Baab us-Salaah: Those Muslims who were punctual in observing their Salaah will be granted entry through this door. 2. Baab ul-Jihad: Those Muslims who participated in Jihad will be granted entry through this door. 3. Baab us-Sadaqah: Those Muslims who frequently gave Sadaqah will be admitted into Jannah through this door. 4. Baab ur-Rayyan: The Muslims who constantly observed the fast will be granted entry through this door. 5. Baab ul-Hajj: Those Muslims who observe their annual pilgrimage will be admitted through this door. 6. Baab ul-Kaazimeenal Ghaiz Wal Aafina Anin Naas: This door is reserved for those Muslims who suppress their anger and pardon others frequently. 7. Baab ul-Aiman: This door is reserved for the entry of such Muslims who by virtue of their faith are saved from reckoning and chastisement.

8. Baab uz-Zikr: Those Muslims who excessively remembered Allah will be admitted through this door.

JAHANNAM:
(Arabic: ) is the Islamic equivalent to Gei Hinnom, or hell. Its name is similar to the Hebrew word Gehinnom. According to the Qur'an only God knows who will go to Jahannam and who will go to Jannah. Those who ignored, or only pretended to believe in Allah remain in Jahannam after Qiyamat (Judgment Day). Muslims believe that unfaithful Muslims not true to their religion will be punished in Jahannam, but will eventually be forgiven. However, those who commit shirk, that is, the sin of polytheism, will be condemned to Jahannam for eternity. As well Allah said: "The one who is not performing his prayer intentionally is truly an unbeliever". Zaqqum is a thorned tree that grows in Jahannam. It has bitter thorned fruit, shaped like devils' heads, which the damned are compelled to eat to intensify their torment. The Qur'an says: [44.43] Surely the tree of the Zaqqum, [44.44] Is the food of the sinfull [44.45] Like dregs of oil; it shall boil in (their) bellies, [44.46] Like the boiling of hot water. Islamic sources indicate that all evil creatures, both human and jinn (including Satan himself) will be tormented by the angel Maalik and his Zabaniyah.

Gates of Jahannam
The Noble Qur'aan describes the gates of Jahannam in these words: "And verily, Jahannam is the promised place for them all! Entering into it are seven gates; for each of these gates are assigned (special) class (of sinners)." [Qur'aan 15:43-44] Rasulullaah (Sallallaahu alayhi wasallam) himself explained: "Jahannam has seven gates; one of them is for the one who unsheathes a sword against my Ummah." [Mishkat]

Degrees of Torment in Jahannam

Rasulullaah (Sallallaahu alayhi wassallam) said: "Among the men of Jahannam, the least punishment given will be that both his shoes and laces will be made of fire, which will make his head boil like a cauldron such, that he will think that he is receiving the most severe punishment, although his punishment is the least." [Bukhari, Muslim]. Muslim reports Rasulullaah (Sallallaahu alayhi wassallam) said: "On the Day of Resurrection, a dweller of Jahannam who indulged excessively in lust. , will be gripped and dipped into Jahannam and then asked: "O son of Adam, have you ever enjoyed the comforts of life?" . He will reply:- "Never by Allah, I have never enjoyed the comforts of life." . "Again, on the Day of Resurrection, a Jannati, who was surrounded with troubles in the world, will be put into Jannat and then asked: "O son of Adam, have you ever experienced any trouble?" He will reply: - "By Allah, I have never faced any trouble,"

Layers of Jahannam
It has already been mentioned that Jahannam has seven gates. Hadhrat Ali (Radhiallaahu-anhu) has said that the gates of Jahannam are one upon each other. This denotes that Jahannam has seven layers. According to Allama Ibn Kathir ( RA ), Jahannam has seven gates. The Noble Qur'aan says: "The Hypocrites will be in the lowest depths of the Fire." [Qur'aan 4:145] Muslim Scholars name each layer with its details. According to them they are:

1. Hawia: This is for the hypocrite, Pharaoh and his associates. 2. Jahim: This is above Hawia which is for the polytheists. 3. Saqar: This is above Jahim which is for the Saibeen, a sect having no religion. 4. Nati: This if the forth which lies above Saqar . It is for Iblis and his associates. 5. Hatma: This is the fifth which lies above Nati .It is for the Jews. 6. Sa'ah: This is for the Christians. 7. Jahannam: This is the seventh and the uppermost which is meant for general Muslim sinners.

Number of Angels appointed over Jahannam

The Noble Qur'aan indicates their number as 19: " Over it are Nineteen". [Qur'aan 74:30]. They have been commissioned to carry out various duties assigned to them by Allaah. The Noble Qur'aan says about Jahannam: "........... Over which are (appointed angels stern (and) severe, who flinch not (from Executing) the Command they receive from Allaah, but do (precisely) what they are commanded." [Qur'aan 66:5]

Anger of Jahannam
The Noble Qur'aan says: "For those who reject their Rabb (and Cherisher) is the Chastisement of Jahannam; and evil is (such) a destination. When they are cast therein, they will hear the (terrible) drawing in of breath even as it blazes, almost bursting with fury." [Qur'aan 67: 6-7-8] AND..... "When it sees them from a place far off, they will hear its fury and its raging sigh. And when they are cast bound together, into a constricted place therein, they will plead for destruction there and then!" [Qur'aan 25: 12-13] Ibne Abi Hatim reports that Rasulullah (Sallallaahu alayhi wasallam), after reciting "Idha ra'at hum" proved that there are two eyes of Jahannam. The Noble Qur'aan says: "Inviting (all) such that turn their backs and turn away their faces (from the Right), and collect (wealth) and hide it (from use)!" [Qur'aan 70: 17-18]. It is recorded in Ibne Khatir that

Jahannam will pick out evil doers from the Resurrection surface just as animals pick up food grains. The above ayah refers to those who are in the habit of hoarding wealth. Hadhrat Qatadah (Radhiallaahu-anhu) writes in his commentary of this ayah. "One who fails to make any difference between permitted and prohibited and does not spend inspite of the clear order from Allaah is most unfortunate." Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Hakim (RA) never zipped the opening of his purse for fear of this ayah. "O Son of Adam! you hear the truth and disapproval of Allaah and still go on hoarding wealth and property." Rasulullaah (Sallallaahu alayhi wassallam) said: "On the day of Resurrection men will be brought like children (in a state of disgrace) to Allaah, the Almighty who will ask him: "Did I not give you wealth and property, cattle and slaves and other favours? How did you thank Me? " Thereupon they would say: "My Rabb ! I collected wealth and property, multiplied it abundantly and left behind more than I had. Thus let me bring all that." In short, that person had sent nothing ahead in the form of virtues. Hence he will be hurled into Jahannam. [Tirmidhi]. Rasulullaah (Sallallaahu alayhi wassallam) said: "His house is the world who has no house; his wealth who has not wealth; and who collected the world who has no wisdom at all." [Mishkat]

Majority of Women in Jahannam

Rasulullaah (Sallallaahu alayhi wassallam) said: "I glanced at Jannat and found majority of poor people; I looked into Jahannam and found majority of women." [Mishkat] Hadhrat Abu Saeed Khudri (Radhiallaahu-anhu) reports: "Once Rasulullaah (Sallallaahu alayhi wassallam) was going for Eid Salaat and he passed by some women in the way of the Salaat ground and remarked: "O women! give charity, for I have seen women most in Jahannam." "Why?" the women submitted. "It is because you curse and show ungratefulness to your husband." [Bukhari, Muslim]

Screaming and Crying of the Jahannamis.

Allah Ta'aala says: "Those who are wretched shall be in the Fire . Therein (nothing but) the heaving of sighs and sobs." [Qur'aan 11:106] Ransom for Salvation from Chastisement of Jahannam "Even if the wrong-doers had all that there is on earth, and as much more, (in vain) would they offer it for ransom for the pain of the Chastisement on the Judgement." [Qur'aan 39:47]. Sura Ma'arij denotes that on that Day every sinner will express his desire to get rid of this Chastisement even after offering his sons, wife, brother and his entire family. But there will neither be any wealth and property to be offered in return for wrong deeds; even if these things are there nothing from these will be accepted. The Noble Qur'aan says: "As to those who reject Faith, if they had everything on earth, and twice repeated, to give as ransom for the Chastisement of the Day of Qiyaamat, it would never be accepted from them. Theirs would be a grievous Chastisement." [Qur'aan 5:36]

Snakes and Scorpions of Jahannam

Rasulullaah (Sallallaahu alayhi wassallam) said: "Verily, there are long-necked camel-like snakes in Jahannam. If anyone of these smites a Jahanami , he will feel pain for 40 years." He then added: "Verily, there are donkey size scorpions in Jahannam. If anyone of these stings a Jahanami, he will feel pain for 40 years." [Ahmad] The Noble Qur'aan says: "For them will we add Chastisement upon Chastisement because they spread mischief." [Qur'aan 16:88]

No Death in Jahannam
The Nobel Qur'aan says: "No way will the (punishment) be lightened for them, and in despair will they be there overwhelmed." [Qur'aan 43:75] AND.... "No term shall be determined for them, so they should die, or shall its Chastisement be lightened for them." [Qur'aan 35:36] Meaning that none will die due to the torments of Jahannam but they will remain alive despite the endless punishments. According to a Hadith, when the dwellers of Jannat will go to Jannat and the Jahannamis to Jahannam, death will be brought in the shape of a ram. Thereafter a proclaimer will proclaim: "O Jannatis, now there will be no death; O Jahanamis now there will be no death; On hearing this call , the Jannatis will be delighted and the Jahanamis will become more depressed." [Bukhari, Muslim]

Conclusion: Islam says there is another (actual life) after death. Here, in Virtual life, people think whatever they are doing that will be ended with no result at the time of death. Islam says that whatever we are doing here (virtual life), we have to be paid off that in the real life (after death). So, it means, the life we are passing now is just like we are sitting in an examination hall (world) and then we have to return our paper to examiner (at the time of death, angles will receive that), and then we have to wait for the result (the Day of judgment). As, our good or bad results depend on our hard-work, in the same way, heaven and hell depends on our deeds. If we were doing good actions on earth we will get heaven. And if our actions are wrong and not according to Islam, we will have to move to hell. In heaven, we will get reward of our good acts. In hell, we will get punishment as a reward of our sins. So, it totally depends on our deeds in this virtual life.

Concept of After Life In Hinduism

Introduction: The death and dying and the life after death has always fascinated man. We want to now the truth behind near death experiences and become certain that there really is a life after death. What becomes of the soul after death by Swami Sivanandaji Maharaj is a departure from the usual line in that it is based, to a great extent, upon authoritative scriptural texts and upon knowledge derived through reasoning, deep reflection and personal meditation. It throws a flood of light upon all aspects of life after death not adequately dealt with in other works. WHAT Happens After One Dies: The Brihadaranyaka Upanishad tells us about what happens to us immediately after death: "The upper end of the heart now lights up. By the help of that light, this self departs, either through the eye, or through the head, or through other parts of the body. When it goes out, the vital force accompanies it; when the vital force goes out, all the organs accompany it. Then the self is endowed with particular consciousness, and afterwards it passes on to the body that is brought to light by that consciousness. Meditation, work and previous impressions follow it. As it does and as it acts, so it becomes: The doer of good becomes good, and the doer of evil becomes evil" In Hinduism the concept of life after death has 3 main aspects: 1. Heaven 2. Hell 3. Reincarnation The concept of heaven , hell and who will have it is almost same as in Christianity and Islam. But no other religion deals with the topic of rebirth or reincarnation (punarjanma). The Bhagavat Gita, an important book for Hinduism, talks extensively about the afterlife. Here, the Lord Krishna says that just as a man discards his old clothes and wears new ones; similarly the soul discards the old body and takes on a new one. In Hinduism, the belief is that the body is but a shell, the soul inside is immutable and indestructible and takes on different lives in a cycle of birth and death. The end of this cycle is called "Moksha" or salvation. Garuda Purana, a book solely deals with what happens to a person after death. The God of Death Yama sends his representatives to collect the soul from a person's body whenever he is due for death and they take the soul to Yama. A record of each person's timings & deeds performed by him is kept in a ledger by Yama's assistant "Chitragupta".

According to the Garuda Purana, a soul after leaving the body travels through a very long & dark tunnel towards South. This is why an oil lamp is lit and kept beside the head of the corpse, to light the dark tunnel and allow the soul to travel comfortably. Heaven: Where is Heaven? Vedic people were not quite sure about the site or setting of this heaven or who ruled the region. But by common consensus it was situated somewhere up there, and it was Indra who reigned in heaven and Yama who ruled the hell. How's Heaven Like? In the mythical tale of Mudgala and Rishi Durvasa, we have a detailed description of the heavens (Sanskrit "swarga"), the nature of its inhabitants, and its advantages and disadvantages. While the two were in a conversation about virtues and heaven, a celestial messenger appears in his heavenly vehicle to take Mudgala to his heavenly abode. In reply to his inquiry, the messenger gives an explicit account of heaven. Here's an excerpt from this scriptural description as paraphrased by Swami Shivananada of Rishikesh: The heaven is well provided with excellent paths.The Siddhas, the Vaiswas, the Gandharvas, the Apsaras, the Yamas and the Dhamas dwell there. There are many celestial gardens. Here sport persons of meritorious acts. Neither hunger nor thirst, nor heat, nor cold, neither grief nor fatigue, neither labor nor repentance, nor fear, nor anything that is disgusting and inauspicious; none of these is to be found in heaven. There is no old age eitherDelightful fragrance is found everywhere. The breeze is gentle and pleasant. The inhabitants have resplendent bodies. Delightful sounds captivate both the ear and the mind. These worlds are obtained by meritorious acts and not by birth nor by the merits of fathers and mothersThere is neither sweat nor stench, nor excretion nor urine. The dust does not soil one's clothes. There is no uncleanliness of any kind. Garlands (made from flowers) do not fade. Excellent garments full of celestial fragrance never fade. There are countless celestial cars that move in the air. The dwellers are free from envy, grief, ignorance and malice. They live very happily" According to Hindu cosmology, above the earthly plane are six heavenly planes: 1. Bhuva Loka 2. Swarga Loka, a heavenly paradise of pleasure, where most of the Hindu gods (Deva) reside along with the king of gods, Indra. 3. Mahar Loka 4. Jana Loka 5. Tapa Loka 6. Satya Loka Below the earthly plane are seven nether planes:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Atala Vitala Sutala Talatala Mahatala Rasatala Pataal

Below these are 28 hellish planes, below which is the Garbhodaka ocean with waters of devastation. Depending on good and bad activities (karma) on an earthly plane, a soul either ascends up to enjoy heavenly delights or goes down to fiery hellish planes depending on sins performed which are judged by the god of death & justice, Yama, who presides along the 28 hells. After the results of good and bad deeds (karma) are delivered, souls return to the earthly plane again as human or animal depending on desires and karma. Thus the cycle of birth and death. Briefly, it can be stated, that if we have the balance of positive merits from zero to plus hundred we shall be awarded the stage of Heaven (Swarga) after our "Atman, The soul Within" has left the mortal frame. However if the balance of merits is between zero and minus hundred our atman the soul within shall be given a place in hell (Naraka). Heaven (Swarga) and hell (Naraka) are interim stages in the cosmic Life cycle of our atman the soul within. The moment this atman the soul within gets matching parents on Mother Earth... it shall again manifest a body... the body can be that of a Human Being and also of an animal depending upon the balance of merits or demerits possessed by the Atman. Lord Krishna is considered as an Avatar (a direct incarnation of God) in Hinduism. He descended on Mother Earth roughly 1000 years before Mahavira, 1077 years before Gautama Buddha, about 1500 years before Jesus Christ and about 1700 years before the advent of Prophet Mohammed. He was the foremost of all preachers who descended on Mother Earth to pass on to Humanity the cosmic wisdom of the ages... the doctrine by Lord Krishna which his available in Bhagavad Gita contains everything, knowing which every Human Being on its cosmic journey (the journey being undertaken by our atman, the soul within) can gain enlightenment and finally salvation moksha! Every Atman has to finally take the form of a Human Being to gain immortality in other words salvation (moksha in Hinduism). There is no other path available to our atman the soul within. The form of a Human Being is the highest manifestation in the cosmic Life cycle of our atman the soul within.

Born as a Human Being is something that even gods desire. and what are gods. gods are those atmans (souls) in heaven that have almost reached the final stage in the cosmic Life cycle. They are just waiting to manifest the body of a Human Being before achieving salvation... Salvation as was achieved by Bhagwan Mahavira of Jainism, Gautama Buddha, Jesus Christ and finally Prophet Mohammed! The soul, called "Atman" leaves the body and reincarnates itself according to the

deeds or Karma performed by one in last birth. Re-birth would be in form of animals or other lower creatures if one performed bad Karmas and in human form in a good family with joyous lifetime if the person was good in last birth. In between the two births a human is also required to either face punishments for bad Karmas in "NARKA" or "HELL" or enjoy for the good karmas in SWARG or Heaven for good deeds. Whenever his or her punishments or rewards are over he or she is sent back to earth, also known as "Mrityulok" or World of Death. A person is merged with the God or ultimate power when he discharges only & only good Karmas in last birth and the same is called as "Moksha" or "Nirvana", which is the ultimate goal of a true Hindu.Atma (Soul) merges into "Parmatma" or the greatest soul.According to Bhagwad gita an "Atma" or soul never dies, what dies is the body only made of five elements - Earth, Sky, Water, Fire & Vacuum. Soul is believed to be indestructible. None of the five elements can harm or influence it. Hinduism through Garuda Purana also describes in detail various types of "Narkas" or Hells where a person after death is punished for his bad Karmas and dealt with accordingly. Disadvantages of Heaven After the bliss of heaven, the celestial messenger tells us about its disadvantages: "In the celestial region, a person, while enjoying the fruits of acts he had already performed, cannot perform any other new act. He must enjoy the fruits of the former life till they are completely exhausted. Further, he is liable to fail after he has completely exhausted his merit. These are the disadvantages of heaven. The consciousness of those about to fall is stupefied. It is also agitated by emotions. As the garlands of those about to fall fade away, fear possesses their hearts" HELL: Description of Hell In The Mahabharata, Vrihaspati's account of "the frightful regions of Yama" has a good description of hell. He tells king Yudhishthira: "In those regions, O king, there are places that are fraught with every merit and that are worthy on that account of being the abodes of the very deities. There are, again, places in those regions that are worse than those which are inhabited by animals and birds" O Krsna, maintainer of the people, I have heard by disciple succession that those who destroy family traditions dwell always in hell (Gita 1:43) i) Hell as worldly suffering: For the Hindus, more particularly for Jains and Buddhists, the universe is a place of misery and sorrow. In all ancient Hindu texts, hell means only a state of worldly suffering. Says Swami Vivekananda: "In India, the idea of the goal (salvation) is this: There are heavens, there are hells, there are earths, but they are not permanent. If I am sent to hell, it is not permanent. The same struggle goes on and on whatever I am. How to go beyond all this struggle is the problem. The Indian idea is not to go to Heaven. Get out of this earth, get out of hell, and get out of heaven! What is the goal? It is freedom! You must be

free" (Complete Works 6:57). I quote verses from Tirukkural and Thirumandiram, two ancient Tamil texts, to show that the idea of hell is not a contradiction to the Hindu doctrine of `samsara' (cycles of rebirth). Says Thirumandiram, an ancient Tamil scripture of Saiva Siddhanta belonging to 600 A.D. He created hell and heaven and endless births too (Thirumandiram 2544) It will be clear from these following verses that that idea of "hell" and "heaven" here refers to earthly sorrows and pleasures. "A fool does deeds in a single birth That will plunge him in hell (alaru) in the succeeding seven" (Tirukkural 835) Having experienced hell and heaven, Jiva leaves Subtle body; Entering Causal body its course continues; And unto the Yogi that transmigrates, enters yet another body; Thus entangled in cycle of birth and death. 2) Two ways only: The Hindu belief is, one will either "sink to the hell" or "ascend to the heaven". The idea of `hell' occurs in Buddhist and Jain scriptures too! Says the Buddha in Dhammapada: Some are born in the human womb, evildoers in hell (Niraya), Those on the good course go to heaven; while those without effluent, totally unbound. (Dhammapada 126) Commenting on this verse, translator Thanissaro Bhikkhu says: "Heaven and hell, in the hinduism view of the cosmos, are not eternal states. One may be reborn on one of the various levels of heaven or hell as th e result of ones kamma on the human plane, and then leave that level when that particular store of kamma wears out". (iii) Hell as celestial suffering The Hindu texts imply that hell could also mean some sort of celestial suffering which the soul experiences before it is reborn. Says Sri Aurobindo: "The Vedantic thought did not envisage rebirth as an immediate entry after death into a new body .......... before the soul is attracted before terrestrial existence, an interval in which it assimilates its terrestrial experiences ........ During this interval, it must dwell in states and worlds beyond and these may be favourable or unfavourable to its future development" [18]. Thirumandiram, an ancient Tamil Scriptural Classic of 600 A.D. depicts this dwelling of the soul in hellish or heavenly states before it enters a new body: The Jiva pushed by Malas, Enter hell, heaven and earth, and stand sore troubled; --All these vanished away when Grace does descend. (Thirumandiram 2313) We see this view being expressed in Manu Smriti (Laws of Manu), one of the early Hindu

Scriptures. "He who accepts presents from an avaricious king who acts contrary to the Institutes (of the sacred law), will go in succession to the following twenty-one hells: ....." (4:87-90) In Jainism too, hell is implied as a stage between death and rebirth. The Akarangasutra, considered the oldest Jain scripture extant written in ancient Prakrt [19], says: The world is greatly troubled by women. They (viz. men) forsooth say, 'These are- the vessels (of happiness) But this leads them to pain, to delusion, to death, to hell, to birth as hellbeings or brute beasts. The fool never knows the law. Swami Vivekananda: "In the Vedas, there is no mention of hell. But Puranas, the later works of our scriptures, thought that no religion could be complete, unless hells are attached to it, and so they invented all sorts of hells" 4) Sins & Offences: Highway to Hell Vedic men were ever careful against committing any sin, because sins could be inherited from forefathers, and passed on from generation to generation. Thus we have such prayers in the Rig Veda: "May the purpose of my mind be sincere; may I not fall into any kind of sin." However, it was believed, women's sins were cleansed "by their menstrual course like a metallic plate that is scoured with ashes". For men, there was always a conscious effort to pass off sinful deeds as accidental deviations. The seventh book of the Rig Veda makes this clear: "It is not our own choice, but our condition that is the cause of our sinning; it is that which causes intoxication, wrath, gambling, ignorance; there is a senior in the proximity to the junior; even a dream is provocative of sin". REBIRTH OR REINCARNATION: 1. Concept of rebirth in Hinduism Reincarnation or Transmigration of the Souls There is one thing that is certain in this lifetime: eventually we all must die. A belief in the cyclical reincarnation of the soul is one of the foundations of the Hindu religion. Death is viewed as a natural aspect of life, and there are numerous epic tales, sacred scriptures, and vedic guidance that describe the reason for death's existence, the rituals that should be performed surrounding it and the many possible destinations of the soul after departure from its earthly existence. While the ultimate goal is to transcend the need to return to life on earth, all Hindus believe they will be reborn into a future that is based primarily on their past thoughts and actions. Most of the Hindus believe in the cycle of birth, death and rebirth, which is called Samsara. Samsara or the doctrine of rebirth is also known as the theory of reincarnation or of transmigration of the soul. This doctrine is considered to be a basic tenet of Hinduism. According to doctrine of rebirth, differences between individuals, even at the time of their birth are due to their past karma i.e. actions done in the past birth. For example if one child is born healthy while another is handicapped or blind, the differences are attributed to their deeds in their previous lives. Those who believe in this theory reason that since all actions may not bear fruit in this life, there has to be another life for facing or reaping the consequences of ones actions.

Death, according to Hinduism, is a series of changes through which an individual passes. Hinduism speaks of the four courses that men follow after death. The first, called devayana, way of the gods, is followed by spiritually advanced souls who lead an extremely pure life, devoting themselves to wholehearted meditation on Brahman, but who have not succeeded in attaining complete Self-knowledge before death. They repair to Brahmaloka, the highest heaven, and from there in due course attain liberation. The second course, known as pitriyana, way of the fathers, is followed by ritualists and philanthropists who have cherished a desire for the results of their charity, austerity, vows, and worship. Following this path, they repair to Chandraloka, the lunar sphere, and after enjoying immense happiness there as a reward for their good actions, they return again to earth since they still have earthly desires. The third course, which leads to hell, is followed by those who led an impure life, performing actions forbidden by the scriptures. They are born in sub-human species. After expiating their evil actions, they are again reborn on earth in human bodies. The fourth course is for those who are extremely vile in their thoughts and actions. They are reborn again and again as insignificant creatures such as mosquitoes and fleas. Eventually, after the expiation of their evil actions, they too return to human bodies on earth. When a soul assumes a human body, it takes up the thread of spiritual evolution of its previous human birth and continues to evolve toward Selfknowledge. According to Hinduism, all souls will ultimately attain Self-knowledge.

2. Karma The law of Cause and Effect: Karma means act, deed, action or activity and refers not only to action undertaken by the body but also to those undertaken by the mind. Karma is actually action and reaction or the law of cause and effect. It is explained by the saying, As we sow, so shall we reap. The concept of karma or "law of karma" is the broader principle that all of life is governed by a system of cause and effect, action and reaction, in which one's deeds have corresponding effects on the future. Karma is thus a way of explaining evil and misfortune in the world, even for those who do not appear to deserve it - their misfortune must be due to wrong actions in their previous life. Karma is regarded as a fundamental law of nature that is automatic and mechanical. It is not something that is imposed by God or a god as a system of punishment or reward, nor something that the gods can interfere with. The word karma refers primarily to "bad karma" - that which is accumulated as a result of wrong actions. Bad karma binds a person's soul (atman) to the cycle of rebirth (samsara) and leads to misfortune in this life and poor conditions in the next. The moral energy of a particular moral act bears fruit automatically in the next life, manifested in one's class, disposition, and character. Hindu texts also prescribe a number of activities, such as pilgrimages to holy places and acts of devotion that can wipe out the effects of bad karma. Such positive actions are sometimes referred to as "good karma." Some versions of the theory of karma also say that morally good acts have positive consequences. According to Hinduism, the traditions and the elders used to say that a person with perfect humanity and divinity will not have more than one birth. The people who have not been in perfection

towards his life habits usually have another birth. This was said to happen 7 times. The person's life was fixed by god as per his behaviour in his previous birth. The philosophy according to Hinduism about rebirth was the mistakes you have done in previous birth can be covered in rebirth and get a perfect human life. 3. Dharma Righteous Duties: Dharma means what are right or righteous duties. This includes what is right for the individual, family, the class or caste and also for the universe itself. In order to achieve good karma, life should be lived according to Dharma, otherwise it will result in bad karma. Dharma affects both, the present life and the future as well. 4. Moksha Liberation from the Cycle of Rebirth: Moksha means "liberation." In certain forms of Hinduism, the idea is to live a good life so that your next life will be a better one. Ultimately, though, the goal of life in Hinduism is to get off the "wheel of karma, meaning the wheel of act ivity of life, which is full of pleasure and pain, gain and loss, and constant change, and return to the source of being in a fully evolved and realized way. The analogy is that life is like a dream that one must eventually awaken from. Moksha as the ultimate goal of all life inherently and spiritually our Soul Atman is bound to pursue this one and only goal in the life of every Soul Atman in the Cosmos. If gaining liberation from cycle of birth and death is the only goal of every soul our atman within... and knowing the fact that our body is but clothing for our Soul Atman, plays the governing role! Whatever be our present goal in life, the ultimate goal of our cosmic life remains the same, gaining Moksha .Attaining the state of Moksha Salvation is reaching the Mount Everest of physical manifested life. There is nothing beyond Moksha that is required to be achieved in this life. Moksha is that stage in the life of a human being when one cuts across all the shackles of senses and the mind. Unless we gain absolute control over the five senses and the mind... we cannot achieve Moksha in this life. Gaining absolute control over the senses and the mind is a complex process. One has to diligently take control of all the senses one by one and the moment we establish absolute control over all the five senses... controlling mind is easy to achieve! Our five senses help us live the physical manifest form of us. They have got nothing to do with our true inner self... our soul atman within us. 5. Punarjanam does not mean cycle of rebirth but means Life after Death: The Common word used for the doctrine of rebirth is Punarjanam. In Sanskrit Punar or Puna, means, next time' or again and Janam means life. Therefore Punarjanam means next life or the life hereafter. It does not mean coming to life on earth again and again as a living creature. If one reads many of the references to Punarjanam in Hindu Scriptures besides the Vedas, keeping the life in the hereafter in mind, one gets the concept of the next life but not of rebirths or of life again and again. This is true for several quotations of the Bhagvad Gita and Upanishad which speak of Punarjanam. This concept of repeated births or of cycle of rebirth was developed after the Vedic period. This doctrine was included by humans in subsequent Hindu scriptures

including the Upanishad, Bhagvad Gita and the Puranas in a conscious attempt to rationalize and explain the differences between different individuals at birth and the different circumstances in which people find themselves in, with the concept that Almighty God is not unjust. So to say that since God is not unjust the inequalities and differences between people are due to their deeds in their past lives. 6. Life after Death in the Vedas: There is reference to life after death in the Vedas. It is mentioned in: Rigved Book no. 10, Hymn no. 16 verse no. 4 The unborn portion, burn that, AGNI, with thy heat; let thy flame, thy splendour, consume it; with those glorious members which thou hast given him, JATAVEDAS, bear him to the world (of the virtuous)(Rigved 10:16:4) The Sanskrit word Sukritam u Lokam means the word of the virtuous or region of the pious, referring to the hereafter. The next verse i.e. Rigveda Book 10 hymn 16 verse 5 says: Putting on (Celestial) life let the remains (of bodily like) depart: let him, JATAVEDAS be associated with a body.(Rigveda 10:16:5) This verse too refers to a second life i.e. life after death.

PHILOSOPHY OF LIFE AFTER DEATH

Conclusion:
Islam is the eternal divine message of Allah, the Almighty and Exalted, to all mankind, delivered by the Prophet and Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon Him). Some have believed in the Message of Islam and followed it, while others disbelieved in it or refuse to follow. The concept of hereafter in all the religions is different. Bible is the only book that to some extent is similar to the concept of Islam about hereafter like the return of Jesus. There are a lot of controversial issues among the religions about the concept of hereafter whereas in Islam there is no such situation. The Muslims believe that has been laid down upon them. The concept of hereafter has been discussed in Quran, the book that is protected by Allah Almighty Himself due to which it has remained unchanged throughout these years and will remain unchanged for the times to come. There is no confusion and doubt in its teachings and concepts about hereafter while bible has different and diverse concepts. There is a difference in the old and New Testament which invites confusion among its believers. This book (bible) has been changed and rewritten loosing its true spirit and teachings whereas there is no confusion among the Muslims about the concept of hereafter due to the distinct quality of Quran.

INTRODUCTION:
The philosophy of afterlife (also referred to as life after death, the Hereafter or the Next World) is the idea that consciousness or the mind continues after the death of the body occurs, by natural or supernatural means. In many popular views, this continued existence often takes place in an immaterial or spiritual realm. Major views on the afterlife derive from religion, esotericism and metaphysics. Deceased persons are usually believed to go to a specific plane of existence after death, typically believed to be determined by a god, based on their actions during physical life. In contrast, the term afterlife refers to another life in which only the "essence" of the being is preserved, and "reincarnation" is another life on Earth or possibly within the same universe. Death is like a dreamless sleep from which we will never awake, our consciousness snuffed out forever. Life means to live in the world of God and to do what ever we feel like. Life after death is a deep rooted phenomenon which has different beliefs for different religions. Like in Islam it is believed that after death a person goes to his Creator i.e. ALLAH Almighty where He according to his actions sends him to Jannat or Jahanam, in Hinduism they believe that the soul never dies but according to his actions done in the previous life he is given reward by his rebirth in a good form or as a punishment the is given rebirth in a bad form. Similarly, Christian beliefs about the afterlife vary between denominations and individual Christians, but the vast majority of Christians believe in some kind of heaven, in which believers enjoy the presence of God and other believers and freedom from suffering and sin. Views differ as to whether those of other faiths or none at all will be in heaven, and conceptions of what heaven will be like differ as well. A slightly lesser majority of Christians believe in the existence of hell, where unbelievers or sinners are punished. There is no mathematical proof for life after death. But if we believe the lifechanging evidence for God, Jesus and the Bible, then heaven is as much a concrete reality for us as the Lord in whom youve invested your absolute trust. Its not fantasy, its the absolute life-changing hope that strengthens us and gives us peace. Now here in our project we will discuss the philosophies of hereafter in world religions i.e. Hinduism, Christianity and Islam from its beginning to end.

Contents: Introduction.. Hinduism. Christianity.. Islam. Conclusion..

Bibliography:
Christian Study Center (CSC) The Coming of the Kingdom The Eschatology Saint Pauls Church Father Samuel Titus hinduism.about.com/od/basics/p/hinduismbasics.htm hinduism.about.com en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianity christianity.com www.christianity.net.au en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam www.islam-guide.com www.islam.com

ISLAMIAT FINAL PROJECT

Philosophy of life after death in Islam, Christianity and

Hinduism

Submitted to:
Maam Farhana Mahmood

Submitted by:
Anum Nasir Aleena Annie Komal Fatima Ramsha Tajwar Abeer Shah Zara Naeem

FATIMA JINNAH WOMENS UNIVERSITY