COMMUNITY HEALTH SERVICES Objective: identify the basic community health services as it relates to the functions and activities

of a public health dentist

Community Dentistry / Dental Public Health Functions / Activities of public health dentist 1) Program Administration - cooperation in dental health matters with other units w/in health agency - determining & publicizing private practice opportunities via the area with shortage of dentists - compiling adequate dental statistics for records and legislative purposes, program planning and program evaluation 2) Preventive, Diagnostic, Corrective Services -

Sponsorships or participation in lectures, conferences, or workshops, in public health or allied subjects for practitioners in dent, dent hygiene, medicine or nursing Teaching dent. Health in teacher training courses, schools of nursing, medicine, dental hygiene, or public health Promoting the utilization of auxiliary personnel by dental practitioners

5) Dental Health Education/ information Utilization of newspaper, radio and tv to increase understanding about dental health Use of films, filmstrips, and exhibits to promote interest in dental health Preparation and distribution of dental health education materials to schools, health personnel

6) Research and Study Projects provision of topical Fl applications or the promotion of local dental programs for this purpose promotion of water fluoridation, or defluoridation provision of lab services such as lactobacillus counts, cancer biopsy, Fl analysis of water provision of dental inspections and parent consultations for pre-school and school children or the promotion of dental referral programs provision of dental treatment for the indigent provision of treatment and isolation of the handicapped (children with cleft lip and palate, handicapped, aged) provision of funds or personnel to aid local dental programs walk in dental health consultation available Conducting surveys to establish the nature and extent of dental disease Conducting surveys to determine the dental needs Utilization of special studies for program evaluation to determine the effectiveness of fluoridation, training treatment of referral programs Organizing studies of dental practice to determine dental manpower resources, need for training facilities, usage of auxiliary personnel.

*Preventive- designed to keep something undesirable such as illness, harm, or accidents from occurring *Diagnostic- distinctive, indicating the nature of an illness *Corrective- designed to correct or counteract something harmful or undesirable Definition of Terms Statistics The science of making statements about entire populations from limited sample of that population Biostatistics Application of analyzing data and drawing conclusions while taking variation and uncertainties into account in biological relevant areas

3) Program Promotion and consultative services Provision of adequate consultation to local dental programs

4) Public Health Training and Teaching Provision of in-service training for state and local health dept. staffs

Public Health Statistics-deals with applications of statistics to medicine and the health sciences, including public health, Population-all the inhabitants of a particular place; entire group or whole unit from which results of an investigation can be inferred Variables anything that can be measured or manipulated in a study Rates/ratio A rate ratio (sometimes called an incidence density ratio) in epidemiology is a relative difference measure used to compare the incidence rates of events occurring at any given point in time. A common application for this measure in analytic epidemiologic studies is in the search for a causal association between a certain risk factor and an outcome.

quality or value; something added or gained in series Morbidity- the quality of being morbid which also measures the rate of incidence of a disease Mortality- the state or condition of being subject to death; relative frequency of deaths in a specific population (commonly death rate) Crude birth rate- the number of births per 1000 people per year, interchangeably with natality, It includes all births/ live births; it is estimated at midyear Infant mortality rate- (IMR) is the ratio of the number of deaths among children less than one year old during a given year to the number of live births during the same year Maternal Mortality Rate- the number of registered national deaths due to birth or pregnancy-related complications per 100,000 registered live births.

Where incidence rate is the occurrence of an event over person-time, for example person-years.

Prevalence- is of two types a) Point prevalence: defined as the number of all current cases (old and new) of a disease at one point in time in relation to a defined population
No of all current cases of a specified disease existing at a given point in time ______________________________________x100 Estimated population at the same point in time

b) Period prevalence: measures the frequency of all current cases (old and new) existing during a defined period of time (e.g. annual prevalence) expressed in relations to defined population
no. of existing cases of a specified disease during a given period of time interval ______________________________________x100 Estimated mid-interval population at risk

Incidence- it refers to rate, range, extent, degree or frequency of occurrence of something Increment- the amount or degree or even process of which something changes or increases especially in